Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. 
Though the belief in the merit (优点) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
【小题1】The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.

A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment.

B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in

C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths

D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease

【小题2】Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing?

A．Afraid.

B．Curious.

C．Approving.

D．Uninterested.

【小题3】How does the passage mainly develop?

A．By providing examples.	B．By making comparisons (比较).
C．By following the order of time.	D．By following the order of importance.

【小题4】What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A．To stress the role of dirt.

B．To introduce the history of dirt.

C．To call attention to the danger of dirt.

D．To present the change of views on dirt.

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 

In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. 

Though the belief in the merit (优点) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.

1.The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.

A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment.

B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in

C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths

D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease

2.Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing?

A．Afraid.            B．Curious.           C．Approving.        D．Uninterested.

3.How does the passage mainly develop?

A．By providing examples.

B．By making comparisons (比较).

C．By following the order of time.

D．By following the order of importance.

4.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A．To stress the role of dirt.

B．To introduce the history of dirt.

C．To call attention to the danger of dirt.

D．To present the change of views on dirt.

 

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. 
Though the belief in the merit (优点) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
【小题1】The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.

A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment.

B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in

C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths

D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease

【小题2】Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing?

A．Afraid.

B．Curious.

C．Approving.

D．Uninterested.

【小题3】How does the passage mainly develop?

A．By providing examples.

B．By making comparisons (比较).

C．By following the order of time.

D．By following the order of importance.

【小题4】What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A．To stress the role of dirt.

B．To introduce the history of dirt.

C．To call attention to the danger of dirt.

D．To present the change of views on dirt.

根据中文意思完成句子或根据英文句子转换句型, 每空一词。

1.Two-thirds of the villagers died or __________  __________ during the earthquake.

三分之二的村民在地震中死伤。

2.The teacher commanded that all the exercises _________  ________ in an hour.

老师要求所有练习都要在一个小时内完成。

3.A lot of new questions _________  _________ at the meeting yesterday.

许多新问题在昨天的会议上被提出来。

4. He has written a book. I’ve forgotten the name of the book.

=He has written a book the name __________  __________ I’ve forgotten.

5.You can leave only when he comes.

= ________  _________ he comes ________ you leave.

 

书面表达 (满分25分)

很多同学计划在暑假期间去参观上海世博会。请你根据下表提示的信息，用英语写一篇发言稿，在班会上给同学们介绍参观世博会的注意事项。

做好计划，选好场馆	节约时间
了解安检说明，不携带违禁物品	快速通过安检
可预约参观（园区任何预约机器上可操作）	预约前往要参观的场馆，可以节约时间，避免排长队。一小时内即可到达
带好场馆地图	避免重复参观或迷路
自觉保护文化遗产，遵守园区规定	每个公民应该履行的义务
……	……

 

注意：

1.对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。

2.词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。

3.文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。

4. 提示词汇：世博园the Export Site; 场馆pavilion; 文化遗产cultural heritage

Dear classmates, it’s a great pleasure for me to be here today and talk about what we should pay attention to when we visit the Shanghai Expo.

Thank you for listening.