Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.?

1.______________

Tim Sparks slides a small leather-bound notebook out of an envelope. The book's yellowing pages contain beekeeping notes made between 1941 and 1969 by the late Walter Coates of Kilworth, Leicestershire. He adds it to his growing pile of local journals, birdwatchers' lists and gardening diaries. "We're uncovering about one major new record each month," he says, "I still get surprised." Around two centuries before Coates, Robert Marsham, a landowner from Norfolk in east of England, began recording the life cycles of plants and animals on his estate. Successive Marshams continued recording these notes for 211 years.

2._______________

Today, such records are being put to uses that their authors couldn't possibly have expected. These data sets, and others like them, are proving valuable to ecologists interested in the timing of biological events, or phonology. By combining the records with climate data, researchers can reveal how, for example, changes in temperature affect the arrival of spring, allowing ecologists to make improved predictions about the impact of climate change.

3._______________

But not all professionals are happy to use amateur data. "A lot of scientists won't touch them, they say they're too full of problems," says Root. Because different observers can have different ideas of what forms, for example, an open snowdrop. "The biggest concern with ad hoc (临时的) observations is how carefully and systematically they were taken,” says Mark Schwarts of the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, who studies the interactions between plants and climate. "We need to know pretty precisely what a person's been observing—if they just say ‘I noted when the leaves came out’, it might not be that useful.” Measuring the onset of autumn can be particularly problematic because deciding when leaves change color is a more subjective process than noting when they appear.

4._______________

Overall, most phrenologists arc positive about the contribution that amateurs can make. "They get the raw power of science: careful observation of the natural world," says Sagarin. Others suggest that the right statistics can iron out some of the problems with amateur data. Together with colleagues at Wageoingen University in the Netherlands, environmental scientist Arnold van Vliet is developing statistical techniques to account for the uncertainty in amateur phonological data. Besides, the data are cheap to collect, and can provide breadth in space, time and range of species," It’s very difficult to collect data on a large geographical scale without enlisting an army of observers, says Root.

5._______________

Phonology also helps to drive home messages about climate change. “Because the public understand these records, they accept them,” says Sparks. It can also illustrate potentially unpleasant consequences, he adds, such as the finding that more rat infestations are reported to local councils in warmer years. And getting people involved is great for public relations. "People are excited to think that the data they have been collecting as a hobby can be used for something scientific—it empowers them” says Root.

GET YOUR DEGREE AT HOME!
Have you ever wondered what a Degree might be worth to you in your job or career(事业)? It means a lot of Americans with an Associate Degree average nearly $10,000 more in yearly earnings than those with just a High School Diploma(毕业证).
Harcourt Learning Direct offers you a way to get a Specialized Associate Degree in 11 of today’s growing fields-without having to go to college full time. With Harcourt, you study at home, in your spare time__so you don’t have to give up your present job while you train for a better one. Choose from exciting majors like Business Management, Accounting, Dressmaking ＆Design, Bookkeeping, Photography, Computer Science, Engineering, and more! Your training includes everything you need! Books, lessons, learning aids__even professional-quality tools and equipment__everything you need to master your training and more ahead to a new career is included in the low tuition(学费) price you pay. Your education is nationally recognized! Nearly 2,000 American companies__including General Electric, IBM, Mobile, General Motors, Ford, and many others__have used our training for their employees. If companies like these recognize the value of our training, you can be sure that employees in your area will, too!
Earn your degree in as little as two years! Get a career diploma in just six months! The career of your dreams is closer than you think! Even if you have no experience before, you can get valuable job skills in today’s hottest fields! Step-by-step lessons make learning easy. Prepare for promotions(提升), pay raises, even start a business of your own! Send today for FREE information about Harcourt at home training!
Simply fill in your name and address on the coupon(票券) above. Then write in the name and number of the one program you’re most interested in, and mail it today. We’ll rush your free information about how you can take advantage of the opportunities(机会) in the field you’ve chosen. Act today!
Mail coupon today!
or call the number below
1-800-372-1589 Call anytime, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
www. harcourt-learning.com
E-mail: harcourt@learning.com
1.This advertisement aims at calling on people to ________.

A．attend full-time universities

B．work part time to further their education

C．improve their education at home to get better jobs

D．earn their degrees in different ways that suit them

2.Which of the following is NOT clearly mentioned in this advertisement? 

A．The way how you will get your degree.

B．Tuition price.

C．The hot fields you will be preparing yourself for.

D．The length of time it will take you to get a degree.

3.What does the writer of this ad intend to say by naming General Electric, IBM, Ford, etc.?

A．To show that their training is widely used in the country.

B．To show that the training program is fully supported by famous companies in the U. S.

C．To prove the value of their training in every area.

D．To show the importance of getting recognized by the most famous companies.

4.It seems to the writer that the greatest attraction for people to take their training is______.

A．its convenience

B．the degree’s nation-wide recognition

C．the economic benefit it will bring about

D．the hot fields the training will help people to enter

Terry Herbert, 55, of Staffordshire, the UK, has used a metal detector (探测器)for the past 18 years to look for treasure. He’d never found anything especially valuable. But on July 5, he made a very important discovery, which also changed the way the British look at history. In a field near his home, Herbert found a huge number of ancient artifacts. The finding was announced on September 24.

Archaeologists(考古学家) are surprised by the size of the discovery. There are more than 1,300 pieces. The discovery is much bigger than any other from the Anglo-saxon era(盎格鲁撒克逊时代)，said Roger Bland of the British Museum. Bland said some experts think treasures of this kind must have belonged to a king but they couldn’t be certain.

The artifacts are thought to date from between AD 675 and AD 725, a time that is sometimes called the Dark Ages. The time was marked by frequent fighting. The gold in the collection weighs 5 kilograms. It suggests that England at the time was richer than historians thought.

Why were the gold and silver treasures buried? Archaeologists believe it could have been to hide them from enemies, a common practice at the time.

The findings could become one of Britain’s top archaeological finds. So far, experts have looked at 1,345 pieces and there are still more to come. It may take a year to look at the whole finding.

Herbert found the treasure while he was searching in a friend’s field over five days in July. He said his discovery was more fun than winning the lottery. “This is what treasure hunters dream of, finding stuff like this. The great amount there is just unbelievable,” he said.

1、Terry Herbert used a metal detector to search for treasure because     .

A、he had researched the area and was sure there was treasure there.

B、he was very interested in British history.

C、he wanted to be an archeologist

D、he enjoyed searching for treasure

2、Herbert’s discovery is very important because     .

A、the treasure he found belongs to an ancient English king.

B、the treasure has changed people’s understanding of early English history.

C、the treasure is proving a big help to the British economy.

D、it is the find that many British treasure hunters have been hoping for years.

3、On the basis of the article, which of the following is TRUE?

A、It might take three years for scientists to look through all of the treasure.

B、Ancient English people buried treasure in the fields for future use.

C、At the time England was a more violent and religious land than historians thought.

D、Herbert prefers the fun of treasure hunting over the money he will earn for his discovery.

4、Which of the following headlines best sums up the article?

A、British treasure hunter makes big find.        B、Scientists find out about the dark ages.

C、How to find treasures using a metal detector.  D、Archeologists win big lottery prize.

阅读理解

　　Right now in schools across the country children are busy selling Pepsi-Cola in the name of education. They are part of Pepsi's “Learn and Earn Project” —a competition set up by Pepsi once a year that encourages students to sell the soft drink at parties, basketball games and other school functions.

　　Then, each spring, the students write up their Pepsi-selling success stories for a chance at national prizes: shares of stock(股份) in the Pepsi-Cola Company.

　　According to materials the company sends the teachers, the project declares “help strengthening students' broad understandings of business, particularly its broad marketing and management aspects. ”

　　Whether it fufills this objective or not, it does succeed in selling Pepsi .

　　The “Learn and Earn Project” is just one example of the hundreds of ways food companies encouraging the buying ad their products in schools. Particularly in the fields of nutrition and hams economics, companies send numerous “teaching aids”: highly Professional films, shiny workbooks and pamphlets (小册子) , all available to teachers at well commercial rates or free.

　　For example, the Savennach Sugar Refining Corp puts out a book for students called “Sugar through the Ages” which includes statements such as “Scientists have found that generous amounts of sugar are a valuable part of well-balanced diets for growing children.”

　　By far the largest supplier of nutrition-education materials to schools is the National Dairy Council, which provides all sorts of pamphlets addressing questions ranging from “How am I doing socially?” to “How am I doing physically?”These materials are full of things about dairy(乳) Products, daily calcium (钙)requirement , etc . Drink milk ,the message seems to be, and you too can be popular.

　　But nutrition and home economics are rat the only areas where companies have found a lucrative(获利) form of advertising.

1．What is NOT true of Pepsi's “Learn and Earn Project”?

[　　]

A．Students selling Pepsi-Cola successfully will become stock holders in the company.

B．Students may gain a better understanding of a business project.

C．It is carried out every year.

D．The Pepsi Company gains much profit out of it.

2．The main idea of the passage is that ________.

[　　]

A．students learn much knowledge of nutrition and home economics through their practice of business

B．Pepsi's “Learn and Earn Project ”helps strengthening the students' broad understanding of business

C．many big companies provide money for schools successfully by carrying out their “Learn and Earn Project”

D．various types of companies extend the selling of their products to schools

3．What do you think is the author's attitude toward such approaches (探讨) to education?

[　　]

A．The author doesn't show his like or dislike for them.

B．The author doesn't think highly of them.

C．The author doubts if those companies can fulfill their objectives .

D．The author takes a denifite(明确的) attitude towards them .

4．The underlined word “generous” most probably means ________.

[　　]

Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.?