Why does the rate of heart attacks increase during the World Cup football finals? How can we help an overweight patient to lose weight? They’re just some of the topics covered in a new book by University of Sussex academics, which is helping student doctors to consider the importance of psychology in medical practice.

Psychology for Medicine is the first textbook of its kind, providing medical trainees and new doctors with all the relevant psychological knowledge they need. Previously, students had to refer to many different books for the relevant psychology.

The book, by Sussex psychologists Dr. Sussex Ayers and Dr. Richard de Visser, has been well received by fellow academics and medical doctors and was finished with the help of the students and staff of the Brighton and Sussex Medical School. The students proofread（校对） the chapters, provided ideas for the content and even modeled for the photographs. The book provides a solid grounding in psychological study relevant to medicine, along with practical tips and advice for practice. One student, Simon Hall, drew cartoons for the book.

The study psychology is important for doctors for a number of reasons. Psychological and physical symptoms are highly related. Up to a third of patients will have psychological disorders, while physical causes are usually only found in around 15 per cent of people’s symptoms. In treatment, a lot of the effect drugs can be due to patients believing they will recover rather than the drug itself.

Dr. Ayers says, “The important thing about this book is that it’s applied science --- it shows why psychology is important to medicine and how we should use it. The book’s presentation is really important. It’s not just lots of theory, but full of tips and advice so that students can take what they learn in the classroom and apply it to real-life situations.”

1.The book Psychology for Medicine is mainly written for ________.

2.What is the third paragraph mainly about?

3.According to the text, the book Psychology for Medicine _________.

4.We can infer that the text is a(n) ______.

The history of English Coins

English coins have developed and changed over time. In the early 1600s' coins were made using the hammer struck method. Hammered coins or cast coins where the primary way coins were made and thus limited the number of coins that may be placed into circulation (流通). Hammered coins were made as far back as the first millennium BC with continued in use until the 1500s to the 1700s. English coins underwent a change in about 1663.

Hammered English coins were made using a blank quantity of metal that was the required weight and placing it between two dies. A die is a mold (模子) that allows the metal to get cut to a certain size and shape.The metal die contained an image that when hammered without delay would mold the image on each side of the coin. The unit was customarily place on a log or other firm surface which was known as a pile. One person held the die while a second person struck it.

There were several issues with this kind of coin making. For one thing, it was extremely slow and work in depth. Comparatively few coins might be made and placed into circulation. A second problem was that hammered coins had many irregularities. When several coins were placed together in a container and shaken about they were damaged as well. That is why older English coins might have chips(缺口) and rough edges.

During the 17th century hammered coins were replaced with milled (轧有花边的) coins. While France was the first country to start producing coins that were made entirely by machine, Britain wasn't far behind. Britain, in fact, began to manufacture coins on a trial basis in the mid?1500s, but it wasn't until the end of 1662 that English coins were made completely by machine.

The screw press (螺旋压力机) was the first machine to produce coins as an alternative to hammered coins. Leonardo da Vinci was the person who invented the screw press in the 15th century. It was powered by a water mill. Early on efforts were made to protect the coins by edging. You'll see that English?made coins have milled edges.

Milled English coins were much more standard in size and shape as well. The speed at which milled coins could be created allowed the coin circulation to grow and a greater number of coin types to be developed.

English coins were used in this country during the royally period. Hammered coins were produced and used up through the end of the 18th century and were given out across the colonies. English coins went through quite a lot of changes as can be seen in old coins that have been started in the US over time.

__1.__of English coins????????????? Time & Major Events

Hammered

coins????????????? ◆The hammer struck method used to make coins has a history dating back to the first millennium BC.

◆At least two people are needed to carry out the work, with one _2.__the die and the other striking it.

◆__3._：

◆The number of coins made and placed into circulation this way was _4.__.

◆Older English coins were quite __5._，with many having chips and rough edges.

◆Such coins were placed into circulation across the colonies and __6._ in use through the end of the 18th century.

Milled coins????????????? During

the 15th

century????????????? ◆Leonardo da Vinci _7.__the screw press, the 1st machine to produce coins.

????????????? In the

mid?1500s????????????? Britain __8._manufacturing coins.

????????????? In the

17th

century????????????? ◆France became the first country to start producing coins made entirely by machine，_9.__ by Britain, whose machine?made coins were featured by milled edges, but were more regular in size and shape.

◆The coin circulation began to grow.

◆Milled coins appeared as a(n) __10._ to hammered coins.

Foreign drivers will have a pay on-the-spot fines of up to ￡900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried our next month.   

If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will clamped（扣留）until they pay law takes effect ,because the money would be returned if the driver went to court and was found not guilty , In practice, very few foreign drives are likely to return to Britain to deal with their eases.   

Foreign drivers are rarely charged because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court, Instead, officers often merely give warnings.   

Three million foreign-registered vehicles enter Britain each year. Polish vehicles s make up 36 percent, French vehicles 10 percent and German vehicles 9 percent.   

Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more vehicles entre Britain each year. Polish vehicles make up 36 percent. French crashes caused by foreign vehicle rose by 47 percent between 2003 and 2008. There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 slight injuries form accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2008.   

The new Law is party intended to settle the problem of foreign lorry divers ignoring limits to weight and hours at the wheel. Foreign Lorries are throe times more likely to be in a crash than British Lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of Lorries that failed safety teats were registered overseas.   

The standard deposit for a careless driving offence ―such as driving too close to the vehicle in front or reading a map at the wheel―will be ￡300. Deposits for speeding offences and using mobile phones will be ￡60. Foreign drivers will not get points as punishment added to their licenses, while British drivers will.   

60. The first paragraph serves as a（n）  

A. explanation                    B. introduction             C. comment               D. background.  

61. The foreign drivers who break the traffic law and do not pay on the spot are likely to be forted up to        .   

A. ￡60        B. ￡300        C. ￡900           D. ￡980  

62. We can learn from the passage that         .   

A. many foreign drivers have been fined by Britain police  

B. 300,000German vehicles enter Britain every year  

C. 25percent of foreign vehicles entering Britain have failed safety tests  

D. British drivers will be punished with points and fines for breaking the traffic law  

63. The new traffic law is mainly intended to          .   

A. limit the number of foreign vehicles entering Britain  

B. increase the British movement’s additional income  

C. lower the rate of traffic accidents and injuries  

D. get foreign drives to appear in count  

作为即将参加高考的高三学生，学习任务重，压力大，所以有效学习显得尤为重要。请根据你的切身体会，以“How to Be an Efficient Learner?”为题，从合理安排、劳逸结合等方面谈谈你对有效学习的看法。

注意：1. 短文标题和开头句子已给出，不计入总词数;

2. 词数：120左右。

( 可能用上的词汇： agenda  n. 日程表   well-balanced  adj. 均衡发展 )    

How to Be an Efficient Learner?

Being Senior Three students, we have a tight schedule and seem to have endless homework to do every day.                                                      

____________________________________________________________________________

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My workplace, as do many others in our town, supports local services and the needy. One of the main services we _____21________ is our local food bank, a center where free food is made available to those in need.

This year, the food bank is _____22_______ more than in the past. _______23 cannot let the shelves become depleted(被耗尽的) or the food _______24________. Others, ________25______ children, depend on it. With the country’s _______26_______ situtation stalled(停滞) and more people out of work, more people are _____27______ and need supplements to feed their families.

This year, all the _______28______ in our area got together and decided to sponsor a “Food Fight Contest”. The contest will include 3 categories or areas to ______29_____: a) supply the most food, b) donate the most money, _______30______ c) provide the most volunteers. A company can win in all 3 areas or 3 different companies can win in each different area, ______31_____ the results. The contest will begin April Fool’s Day through the end of the month.

We’re kicking off a(n) _______32________ for fun this week. We’re all _______33______ and WE PLAN TO WIN! The last several years, to make donating ________34______, we set up food sculpture competitions between departments. Each department _______35______ bring in cans, sacks of rice, peanut butter, etc., then build and compete for the best _____36_____. The sculptures would be in a central location so coworkers could cast their vote for their ______37______. We tracked how much ____38_____ was provided by each group and then after the competition, all the _______39______ were taken to the food bank. We challenged ourselves to deliver more food and more weight each year, _______40______ it was for a great cause.

21. A. turn to          B. belong to          C. refer to          D. donate to

22. A. supported        B. challenged        C. criticized        D. enlarged

23. A. We             B. You               C. They           D. All

24. A. pile up          B. go bad             C. run out          D. sell well

25. A. only            B. actually         C. even             D. especially

26. A. cultural          B. economic         C. historical         D. political

27. A. hungry           B. anxious           C. unhappy         D. lazy

28. A. schools         B. charities       C. companies        D. governments

29. A. prove            B. stress             C. find              D. win

30. A. or               B. and             C. but               D. so

31. A. focusing on        B. relating to      C. depending on     D. leading to

32. A. campaign         B. adventure      C. ceremony         D. exhibition

33. A. excited           B. involved         C. thanked         D. prepared

34. A. likely            B. fun               C. useful           D. public

35. A. could             B. must             C. would           D. should

36. A. design            B. grade             C. speech          D. play

37. A. group           B. friend            C. hobby           D. favorite

38. A. money           B. food             C. energy          D. attenetion

39. A. gifts             B. goods          C. donations        D. participants

40. A. knowing          B. imagining        C. hoping          D. showing