四.阅读理解（30分）
A
United Nations Climate Change Conference
The U.N. Climate Change conference opened in Copenhagen, Denmark on Dec.7th with some 15,000 delegates and observers from nearly 200 countries attending what is called the last best chance for an agreement to combat(与……战斗) global warming.
Their aim is to find common ground, including on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, promotion and transfer of new more eco-friendly technology and the necessary funding to make this possible, especially for the less developed and poorer nations.  It also means coming up with long term vision and cooperation for the future.
Most scientists believe the warming trend is mainly caused by human activity, especially the use of fossil fuels(矿物燃料) and the cutting down of forests. Skeptics(怀疑论者) say global warming is part of a natural cycle of climate change.
In Copenhagen, experts and officials alike are putting the emphasis on what people and governments can do to cut the emission of greenhouse gases.
Scientists say a 25 to 40 percent cut in carbon-dioxide emissions is needed to control global warming. The European Union, China, and India have already pledged(保证) reductions. The United States is waiting for Congressional(国会的) approval for a proposal put forward by the Obama administration.
Barack Obama, President of the United States said, “Each of us must do what we can when we can to grow our economies without endangering our planet -- and we must all do it together. We must seize the opportunity to make Copenhagen a significant step forward in the global fight against climate change..”
Desmond Tutu, Archbishop of South Africa said, “Worldwide, we have the chance to start turning the tide of climate change, but only if all governments commit themselves to a fair, binding(有约束力的) and sustainable climate agreement in Copenhagen.”
56. From the first paragraph we can infer that___________.
people think that this conference is of no use
this conference is the last one to be held about the climate change
before this conference some countries fight against each other.
people expect a final agreement will be achieved
57. Which is NOT included in the aim of this conference?
A. To reduce the emission of the greenhouse gases.
B. To develop the agriculture and industry of the developed countries.
C. To cooperate with each other for the future.
D. To transfer new more eco-friendly technology.
58. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The United States refuses to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.
B. The European Union is waiting for a proposal put forward by Obama.
C. China and India have already agreed to cut carbon-dioxide emissions.
D. South Africa doesn’t think much of this conference.
59. What is Obama’s attitude according to his words?
A. Doubtful.                          B. Positive.     C. Negative.                    D. Regretful.
60. _________is the reason of global warming according to the skeptics.
A. Human activity                  B. Fossil fuels  
C. The cutting down of trees           D. Natural climate change

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The Conservative Party leader David Cameron has been elected British Prime Minister. Labor Party’s Gordon Brown, the   36   Prime Minister, had to   37   the tears as he said his goodbyes outside of 10 Downing St. And Cameron is the youngest UK prime minister in almost 200 years.

According to electoral rules, the leader of the party that wins a majority in Parliament becomes the new prime minister and forms the new government. If no party wins a majority, a coalition (联合) government   38   several parties may be formed. The head of the coalition party that   39   most seats in parliament probably becomes the new prime minister.

In Britain’s May 6 parliamentary   40  , Cameron’s Conservative Party won the most seats, but did not get a majority. After negotiations, with an agreement   41   between the Conservatives and the third-placed Liberal Democrats, a governing coalition was formed. [来源:ZXXK]

Cameron has grown   42   a shy primary school student with   43   school reports into a famous political   44  . He is reportedly a   45   of King William IV (1765 –1837). Cameron studied at the elite Eton College, for centuries the school   46   the choice for the nation’s wealthiest people to send their male children to. He went   47   to Oxford University, where he graduated with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Once at primary school, Cameron had the poorest school report in the class. At Eton, Cameron was a problem boy. In 1983, he was suspected of taking drugs. He was punished, and   48   ordered to copy 500 lines of Latin text. He   49   the incident and worked harder.

Cameron was very   50   at Oxford. He captained the tennis team there. He was a member of a dining society. After graduation, he   51   politics. In 2001 Cameron became a member of Parliament and in 2005, at the age of 38, was elected the leader of the Conservative Party.

Now he has been elected the head of a country   52   deep economic troubles. At least 1.3 million people have been   53   in the serious financial crisis. British voters will be looking to see   54   the program his party has proposed to deal with the problem   55   do anything to help.

36. A. latest                                 B. current                          C. former                             D. latter

37. A. hold back                          B. hold off                            C. hold on                            D. hold out

38. A. is made up of                   B. consisting of                  C. is composed of              D. makes up of

39. A. holds                                  B. takes                               C. includes                          D. contains

40. A. selection                           B. election                           C. conference                     D. negotiation

41. A. reached                             B. arriving at                      C. coming to                       D. establishing

42. A. with                                    B. of                             C. from                                 D. for

43. A. excellent                           B. poor                                 C. average                          D. outstanding

44. A. people                               B. character                       C. image                              D. figure

45. A. son                                     B. grandson                        C. relative                           D. descendent

46. A. is                                        B. has been                         C. had been                        D. being

47. A. on                                       B. up                                     C. down                               D. out

48. A. otherwise                         B. therefore                        C. nevertheless                 D. however

49. A. survived from                  B. recovered from             C. benefited from              D. changing from

50. A. silent                                  B. positive                           C. active                              D. enthusiastic

51. A. took to                               B. toot after                       C. took off                           D. took over

52. A. faced                                  B. facing with                     C. faced with                      D. faces

53. A. laid off                               B. laid down                        C. laid aside                        D. laid out

54. A. that                                    B. what                                C. if                                       D. how

55. A. can                                     B. should                            C. must                                D. need

It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with problems; that they talk too much about certain problems—and that they have no sense of humor, at least in parent—child relationships. I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.

Young people often make their parents angry at their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles make their parents angry, this gives them extra enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.    

Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to agree what you do. If they agree, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are supposing that you are the underdog; you cannot win but at least you keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents' contro1. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself. If you plan to control your life, cooperation can be part of that plan. You can attract others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility, so that they will let you choose what you want to do.  

1.The first paragraph is mainly about_________.

A. the teenagers' criticism of their parents

B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents

C. the control of the parents over their children

D. the teenagers' ability to deal will problems

2.Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles mainly because they________.

A. want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own

B. have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste

C. have no other way to enjoy themselves better

D. want to make their Parents angry

3.Teenagers do not want their parents to agree whatever they do because they_______.

A. have already been accepted into the adult world

B. feel that they are superior to the adults

C. are not likely to win over the adults

D. have a desire to be independent

4.To improve parent—child relationships，teenagers are advised to be_________.

 A. attractive         B. positive        C. cooperative       D. productive

A Low-Carbon Economy (LCE) or Low-Fossil-Fuel Economy (LFFE) is an economy which has a smallest output of greenhouse gas (GHG) release into the atmosphere, but specifically refers to the greenhouse gas CO2. Recently, most of scientific and public opinion has come to the conclusion that there is such an accumulation of GHG (especially CO2) in the atmosphere due to human-related activities that the climate is changing. The over-concentration of these gases is producing global warming that affects long-term climate, with negative impacts on humanity in the foreseeable future. Globally performed LCEs therefore, are proposed as a means to avoid catastrophic climate change, and as a forerunner to the more advanced, zero-carbon society and renewable-energy economy.
Some nations are low-carbon societies which are not heavily industrialized or populated. In order to avoid climate change at any point in the future, all nations considered carbon-thick societies and societies which are heavily populated, should become zero-carbon societies and economies. Several of these countries have promised to become ‘low carbon’ but not entirely zero carbon, and claim that release will be cut by 100% by offsetting release rather than stopping all release. In other words, some release will continue which will be offset, so they are not low-release.
Nations seek to become low-carbon economies as part of a national global warming reduction strategy. A comprehensive strategy to manage global warming is carbon neutrality, geoengineering and adaptation to global warming.
Nuclear power, or, the proposed strategies of carbon collection and storage (CCS) have been proposed as the primary means to achieve a LCE while continuing to exploit non-renewable resources; there is concern, however, with the matter of spent-nuclear-fuel storage, security and the uncertainty of costs and time needed to successfully carry out CCS worldwide and with guarantees that the stored release will not leak into the atmosphere. Alternatively, many have proposed renewable energy should be the main basis of a LCE, but, they have their associated problems of high-cost and inefficiency; this is changing, however, since investment and production have been growing significantly in recent times. Furthermore, regardless of the effect to the atmosphere by GHG releases, the growing issue of peak oil may also be reason enough for a change to a LCE.
63. Low-carbon economy is encouraged for the following reasons except that ______.
A. too much greenhouse gas CO2 is released
B. the over-concentration of greenhouse gases is producing global warming
C. it can avoid catastrophic climate change
D. low carbon and zero carbon nations and societies claim for it
64. The underlined word in the first paragraph probably means ______.
A. warning                             B. pioneer                           C. symbol                            D. guide
65. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Nuclear power could act as one of the primary means to achieve a LCE.
B. There’s worry about spent-nuclear-fuel storage, security and the uncertainty of costs.
C. The stored release will be likely to leak into the atmosphere.
D. Renewable energy tends to become the only means to achieve a LCE.
66. From the last paragraph, we can infer that the writer’s attitude toward the proposal of adapting renewable energy is ______.
A. negative                            B. positive                           C. self-confident                D. doubtful

People want action on noise, a recent public meeting in Brisbane showed. Some want technical improvements such as quieter air conditioners or better sound barriers around major roads. Others want tougher laws to restrict noise from building sites or to require owners to take responsibility for barking dogs. But the highest priority was a noise complaints system that works.

       Brisbane City Council receives more complaints about noise than all other problems put together. So it conducted a survey and found that about half its residents are upset by noise in one form or another –traffic, mowers, pool pumps, air conditioners or loud parties. This inspired the Council to bring together more than 100 citizens one evening to talk through a range of options.

       The meeting found the present regulatory system bizarre. Depending on the problem, responsibility for noise can lie with the Council, the Environment Protection Authority, one of three government departments or even the police. So complainants often feel they are getting the run-round. When the people at the forum were asked to vote for changes, the strongest response was for a 24-hour noise hotline to be the first port of call for all complaints.

       The forum also favored regulatory measures, such as tougher minimum standards for noise in appliances like air conditioners. This even makes economic sense, as noise is a waste of energy and money. Other measures the meeting supported were wider buffer (缓冲) zones around noisy activities and controls to keep heavy traffic away from residential areas.

       But there are obvious conflicts. Many people like to have a bar within walking distance if they feel like a drink, but they don’t want a noisy pub keeping them awake when they want an early night. Most people want to live near a major road providing good access to other parts of the city, but they don't’ want the problem of road noise.

       I was most interested by the proposals aimed at behavioral change. There was strong support for measures to reduce traffic: better public transport, cycleways and footpaths, even charges for road use. Many people optimistically thought industry awards for better equipment would stimulate the production of quieter appliances. It was even suggested that noise from building sites could be alleviated (减轻) if Brisbane adopted daylight saving, thus shifting the working day and providing longer, quieter evenings.

46. According to the recent public meeting in Brisbane, what was the first step to take in order to reduce noise pollution?

A. Produce quieter air conditioners.

B. Provide better sound barriers around major roads.

C. Establish a noise complaints system.

D. Make stricter laws to require owners to take responsibility for barking dogs.

47. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. the Brisbane residents were satisfied with the present noise regulatory system

B. many people in Brisbane preferred to live near a pub to which they have easy  

access

C. nearly all the inhabitants in Brisbane were bothered by noise in one form or 

another

D. noise pollution is the most serious among pollution complaints in Brisbane

48. What does the word “run-round” (Para. 3) mean?

A. Unfair treatment.                                         B. Quick response.

C. Delaying action in response to a request.         D. Full attention.

49. How could noise from building sites be alleviated if Brisbane adopted daylight saving?

A. If daylight saving was adopted, the daytime would be prolonged and the night

would become quieter.

B. If daylight saving was adopted, the working hours during the daytime would be shortened while the night would be extended and thus quieter.

C. If daylight saving was adopted, the night would be shortened and thus quieter.

D. If daylight saving was adopted, both the daytime and the night would be shortened and the noise would be reduced.

50. What was the author’s attitude towards the industry awards for quieter equipment?

A. Suspicious.        B. Positive.            C. Enthusiastic.             D. Indifferent.