Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes(运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
　　Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
【小题1】An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______

A．to reduce their mental stress

B．to increase their sense of success

C．to make sports less competitive

D．to make sports more challenging

【小题2】According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that ____ .

A．it can help them learn more about society

B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves

C．it can provide them with valuable experiences

D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

【小题3】Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ______ .

A．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development

B．without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence

C．in order to make them remember life's lessons

D．so as to put more pressure on them

【小题4】According to the passage parents and coaches should _____________ .

A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

B．help children to win every game

C．train children to cope with stress

D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

【小题5】The author's purpose in writing the passage is ____________ .

A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

B．to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

C．to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children

D．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

Dog Translation Products Coming to U. S.

A Japanese toy maker declares that they have developed a gadget that translates dog barks into human language and plans to begin selling the gadget——under the name of Bowlingual——in U. S. pet stores and gift shops this summer.

Tokyo-based Takara Co. Ltd. says about 300, 000 of the dog translator gadgets have been sold since it was on sale in Japan late last year. It is forecasting far bigger sales once an English language translation for dogs comes to America in August. The United States is home to about 67 million dogs, more than six times the number in Japan.

"We know that the Americans love their dogs so much, so we don't think they will mind spending $ 120 on this product," the Takara marketing manager said during an interview at a recent pet products conference in Atlanta.

Regarded as one of the coolest inventions of 2002 by Time magazine, Bowlingual is made up of a 3 - inch long wireless microphone that is fastened to a dog collar and sends out sounds to a small console (控制台) that is connected to a database (数据库). The console divides each bark into six emotional types——happiness, sadness, disappointment, anger, threat and desire——and shows common phrases, such as "You're ticking me off," that fit the dog's emotional state.

Takara says it has spent millions of dollars developing the gadget in cooperation with famous sound experts and animal behaviorists.

One thing that does appear certain is that the markets for animal translation products will likely remain a dog's world since Takara has no plans to develop a similar gadget for cats. "They are too unpredictable (反复无常) , " the marketing manager said.

1.This passage mainly tells us that Bowlingual ___________.

A. was invented in Japan 　　　　　　　 B. has developed quickly

C. will be sold in America 　　　　　　 D. sells well for its price

2.The underlined word "they" in the last paragraph refers to ___________.

A. markets 　　　B. products 　　　 C. plans 　　 　　D. cats

3.When was this passage most probably published?

A. In the winter of 2002. 　　　　　　B. In the spring of 2003.

C. In the summer of 2002. 　　　　　 D. In the autumn of 2003.

4.From the passage, we can see that Takara Co. Ltd. is ___________ the sale of its new product.

A. proud of 　　　　　 　　　　　　B. satisfied with

C. confident of 　　　　　　　　　　D. worried about

 

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes(运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.

　　Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

1.An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______

A．to reduce their mental stress

B．to increase their sense of success

C．to make sports less competitive

D．to make sports more challenging

2.According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that ____ .

A．it can help them learn more about society

B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves

C．it can provide them with valuable experiences

D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

3.Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ______ .

A．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development

B．without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence

C．in order to make them remember life's lessons

D．so as to put more pressure on them

4.According to the passage parents and coaches should _____________ .

A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

B．help children to win every game

C．train children to cope with stress

D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

5.The author's purpose in writing the passage is ____________ .

A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

B．to persuade young children not to worry about criticism

C．to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children

D．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

 

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　There are 25,000 kinds of bees identified in the world. The most well-known are the honey bee. In the United States there are known 3,500 species. Most bees do not live in large groups, they are solitary(独居的)bees. The honey bee is not a native of the United States. The first bees were brought to the U.S. from Holland. Later other bees were brought from many other countries. South America had some honey bees, but they did not produce much honey.

　　When honey bees were brought to the United States, native American called them“white man's flies”. Soon bees became a known sight in America.

　　In Brazil, honey bees did not survive well and scientists brought African bees to Brazil. These bees were found to be aggressive(好斗的) and mistakenly escaped into the wild. These bees are very common in Brazil now.

　　Beekeepers raise bees for honey, but more often they raise them to pollinate crops. Pollination occurs when the bee lands on a flower and some of the pollen(花粉)gets stuck to the bees' hairy legs. The next time the bee lands, some of the pollen falls off her legs and onto another flower, allowing it to reproduce.

　　Beekeepers have been raising bees for their honey for thousands of years. The first beekeepers kept their bees in hollow logs or clay pots. Now they keep the bees in wooden hives. When beekeepers raise bees for honey, they must remove part of the hive to retrieve (获取) the honey. They must“calm”the bees by using a special smoker. The smoke is puffed out around the bees and the bees move slower and are not as aggressive.

1．What's the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．An Introduction to Bees.　　　　　　B．Why Bees Are Kept.

C．The Great Use of Bees.　　　　　　D．Bees in the USA.

2．What's the meaning of the underlined word“pollinate”?

[　　]

A．Make something fertile (结果实的) with pollen.

B．Get pollen away from.

C．Plant.

D．Harm.

3．From the passage we can infer that _____.

[　　]

A．bees want their honey to he taken away in order to get more room

B．all bees are kept by raisers

C．bees don't want their honey to be taken away

D．it is easy to retrieve the honey

 

III 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节  阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

You must have been troubled by when to say "I love you" because it is one of the greatest puzzles in our life.

What if you say it first and your partner doesn’t love you back? Or if they do say it but you don’t feel they mean it? Being the first to declare your love can be never racking (紧张) and risky and can leave you feeling as vulnerable as a turtle with no shell. But is the person who says it first really in a position of weakness? Doesn’t it pay to hold back, play it cool and wait until the other half has shown their hand faster?

“A really good relationship should be about being fair and being equal,” says psychologist Sidney Crown. “But love is seldom equal.” “All relationships go through power struggles but,” he says, “if a love imbalance continues for years, the rot will set in.” That feeling of “I’ve always loved you more” may be subverted (颠覆，破坏) for a time, but it never goes away completely and it often emerges in squabbling (大声争吵). In love, at least, the silent, withholding type is not always the most powerful. “The strongest one in a relationship is often the person who feels confident enough to talk about their feelings,” says educational psychologist Ingrid Collins. Psychosexual therapist Paula Hall agrees. "The one with the upper hand is often the person who takes the initiative.” In fact, the person who says “I love you” first may also be the one who says  “I’m bored with you’ first.” Hall believes that much depends on how "I love you" is said and the motivation of the person saying it. Is it said when they’re drunk? Is it said before their partner flies off on holiday, and what it really means is “Please don’ t be unfaithful to me” ? By saying “I love you”, they are really saying “Do you love me?” If so, wouldn’t it just be more honest to say that. Collins agrees that intention is everything. "It’s not what is said, but how it’s said. What it comes down to is the sincerity of the speaker.”

41. What is the main idea of this passage?

　A. The importance of "I love you"   　   B. The meaning of "I love you"

　C. The time of saying "I love you".     　D. The place of saying "I love you"

42. In the first sentence the author means that____________.

　A. it is easy to say "I love you"  

　B. it is hard to say "I love you"

　C. we have many troubles in our life

　D. people usually do not know when to say "I love you"

43. According to the expert, a good relationship should be _____________.

　A. fair and equal          　    B. fair and kind

　C. powerful and equal            D. confident and fair

44. In the third paragraph, the phrase "with the upper hand" means __________.

　A. being low in spirit    　      B. having only one hand

　C. being active               　D. being passive

45. What is the most important for you to consider when somebody say "I love you" to you?

　A. The intention.  　B. The place.   　C. The time.   　D. The determination.