With the US as a new destination for Chinese group tours, American tourism companies are   41   “cautious optimism” （谨慎的乐观） on their future prospects.  While most in the tourist industry look forward to growth in the number of Chinese tourists, they are also   42  about the high cost of holidays.  Compared with visits to Europe, travel to the US   43   a longer trip and results in higher costs---   44  with oil prices continuing to rise rapidly.  Many tourism insiders believe different tours should be  45  for different types of Chinese tourists.

       On June17 more than 200 Chinese tourists took off from airports in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong in the first group tour of the US.  Yang Wei, a Beijing girl  46  from college, said she expects to see famous landmarks such as the US Capitol, the White House, the Pentagon and the Statue of Liberty.  “The group tour to the US has brought much convenience to the  47  Chinese people,” she said. “Otherwise I cannot imagine a young girl like me can get a visa to America so easily.”  The US  48  only student and business visas to Chinese in the past.  Shao Qiwei, director of China’s National Tourism Administration, said tourism promotes friendship and mutual understanding between the Chinese and American people.  “Not many Chinese people have been to the United States and vice versa,” he said. “Group tours connect the two nations to bring about mutual benefits,” Shao said.

       China’s first group received a warm welcome from the US government and tourism industry.  The Capitol in Washington, D.C．opened a special  49  for Chinese guests.  The US Department of Commerce invited them to visit the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which prints US currency.  Commerce Secretary Carlos M. Gutierrez gave a dinner in their honor on a passenger ship.

For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may be receptive to such messages.

Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to listen to signals from about 1,000 stars, all within 100 light years of earth. In addition, they will scan the entire sky to “listen” for radio messages from more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time. Scientists are looking for any signal that stands out from the background noise.

Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy (银河星系), scientists find that 5% are like our sun. Perhaps half of them have a planet like earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the star for temperatures to be right for the evolution (进化) of life. Based on the inhabitable (that can be lived in) planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more of these planets support some life.

However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent (智能的) life exists on other planets. Some believe that twenty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.

Other scientists believe that our search hasn’t been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent life exists in our galaxy. Although our sun family is only about five billion years old, our galaxy is about 20 billion years old. In that time, some scientists think it is likely that civilization much more advanced than ours have developed. Perhaps these civilizations send us no signals; perhaps we have not recognized the signals they have sent us. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep looking.

According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable?

A. 5 billion．　　 B. 10 billion.　　         C. 15 billion.　　         D. 200 billion

The first paragraph in this passage is mainly about ________ .

A. how scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

B. why scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

C. where scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

D. when scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

Which of these statements is True based on the information in the passage?

A. The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.

B. Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.

C. Scientists don’t believe that there might be life on other planets.

D. Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets.

D

One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. “One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states.” said Neville Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.

In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions was the 1994 “Toubon law” in France, but the idea has been copied in many countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficulty in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.

It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the “purity” of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but there has not been a barrier to acquiring prestige and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.

The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon—especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessarily take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new modes of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields to defend.

1.Neville Alexander believes that         .

A．mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countries

B．lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure

C．globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trends

D．globalization has resulted in the economic failure of Africa

2.The underlined word “futile” (in paragraph 2) most probably means “        “.     

A．useless           B．practical          C．workable          D．unnecessary

3.Why do many English-speaking countries not support the language protection efforts described in the passage?

A．They think language protection laws are ineffective.

B．They want their language to spread to other countries.

C．They have a long history of taking words from other languages.

D．It reduces a language’s ability to acquire international importance.

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．English has taken over fields like public communication and education.

B．Europeans have long realized the need to protect their national languages.

C．Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.

D．Many aspects of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.

5.The main idea of the passage is       .  

A．Fighting against the rule of English

B．Globalization and multi-language trends

C．Protecting local languages and identities

D．To maintain the purity of language by law

D

His first fight was for the equal rights of black people in South Africa. Then, as the first black president he fought to unite the country and organize the government. Now Nelson Mandela has set his sights on a new enemy, AIDS.

On March 19 the 82-year-old, former president, hosted his second AIDS-awareness concert. He warned that 25 million people in Africa were already infected with the fatal disease.

Mandela was born in a small village in South Africa in 1918. He was adopted (收养) by the chief of his tribe (部族) and could have been a chief himself and lived a happy country life.

But he refused to be a chief when his people lived under racial discrimination ( 种族歧视). He decided to fight for equal rights for all the people in South Africa. Before 1990, under the country’s Racial Segregation Law (种族隔离法), colored and white people lived separately. Black people were treated unfairly even when taking a bus. Blacks had to stand at the back of the bus to make room for white people even when there were only a few of them on board.

For his opposition (反对) to the system Mandela was arrested (被捕) and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990 and become the president of the country after the first elections were held in which everyone could vote.

Mandela was not only a political fighter who attacked with speeches. He was also a trained boxer (拳击手) and fought in the ring when he was young.

“ Although I did not enjoy the violence of boxing, I was interested in how one moved one’s body to protect oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat (撤退),” he wrote in his autobiography.

As a skillful fighter, he chose music as his weapon against AIDS. He hopes to win another victory against AIDS.

52．Nelson Mandela succeeded in doing the following except _____.

A. winning the equal rights for the black people in South Africa

B. uniting South Africa

C. organizing a government in South Africa

D. controlling the spread of AIDS

53．If Nelson Mandela hadn’t fought against racial discrimination, he _____.

A. could easily have been the president of South Africa

B. could still have lived a happy life

C. could have been in a difficult situation

D. would have been an excellent boxer

54．It can be inferred that Nelson Mandela _____.

A. continues to help the black people with the political struggle

B. is taking a position in a music group

C. is taking on the world’s greatest fight against AIDS

D. is preparing for the next election of president

55．Which statement can best describe the life of Nelson Mandela?

A. Struggle is his life.          B. Sports make his fame.

C. Fight for equal rights.        D. Great fighter against government.

(B)

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