Elizabeth Blackwell was born on February 3, 1821 in Bristol, England. Her father was a rich sugar businessman at the time. Because her parents thought boys and girls should be equal, Elizabeth received the same education as her brothers.

In 1832, her father’s business was destroyed by fire, so her family moved to New York City. But her father’s business there failed. Then in 1837, the family moved to Cincinnati, Ohio. Not long after, her father died. After her father’s death, Elizabeth, at the age of 16, had to go to work.

When she was 24, she visited her dying friend Mary. Her friend said, “You’re young and strong, you should become a doctor.” That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. But she knew this was what she was going to do.

After several rejections from medical schools, she finally was accepted by Geneva Medical College. By studying hard, she graduated successfully in 1849.

After graduating from medical school, she went to Paris to learn more about medicine. She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.

When she returned to America in 1851, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. In 1857, Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides, she also set up the first medical school for women in 1868, where she taught the women students about disease prevention. It was the first time that the idea of preventing disease was taught in a medical school.

Elizabeth Blackwell started the British National Health Society in 1871, which helped people learn how to stay healthy. In 1889, Elizabeth Blackwell became the first woman doctor in the United States. Most importantly, she fought for the admission of women to medical colleges.

Elizabeth Blackwell died on May 3, 1910, when she was 89.She opened a world of chances for women. She always fought for what was right in all her life. In 1949 the Blackwell medal was established. It’s given to women who have excellent achievements in the field of medicine. She’ll always be remembered as a great woman.

1.According to the passage, Elizabeth Blackwell ________.

A．received bad education in her childhood

B．spent a happy and lucky childhood

C．moved to America with her family at eleven

D．decided to be a doctor due to her father’s death

2.Elizabeth Blackwell could not become a surgeon because ________.

A．she was a woman

B．she had a serious eye problem

C．she went to Paris for further education

D．she didn’t go to medical school

3.Elizabeth Blackwell spent most of her life in ________.

A．the U.S.           B．Paris             C．England           D．Geneva

4.Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Elizabeth Blackwell?

A．She built the first hospital for women and children with others.

B．She became the first woman doctor in the U.S.

C．She set up the first medical school for women in the world.

D．She built a medal for women with excellent achievements in medicine.

 

Inventor，physicist，surveyor，astronomer，biologist，artist…Robert Hooke was all these and more．Some say he Was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century．In the course of his work，he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton，and the great architect, Chrish@ler Wren．

Hoocke's early education began at home，under the guidance of his father．He entered Westnfinster School at the age of 13，and from there went to Oxford，where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England．Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments．In 1662，at the age of 28, he was named Curator of

 Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London—meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society’s weekly meetings．Hooke accepted the job，even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!

Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favorite pastimes．He invented a compound microscope for this purpose．One day while observing a cork(软木塞)under a microscope，he saw honeycomb-like structures．They were cells—the smallest units of life．In fact，it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the boxlike ceils of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery(修道院)．

Another achievement Of Hook’s was his book Micrographi which introduced the．Enormous potential of the microscope．It contains fascinating drawings of the things he saw under the  microscope．The book also includes，among other things，ideas on gravity，light and combustion(燃烧)that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena．

Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too．A crater(坑)on the moon is named  after him in appreciation of his services to this branch of science．

68．Why possibly did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments?

A. Because his parents couldn’t afford his education．

B．Because his family needed his support．

C．Because he wanted to please the famous scientists in England．

D．Because he liked designing experiments．

69．The cell got its name because of       ．

A．its use    B．its shape    C．Hooke’s favorites D．Hooke’s experiences

70．The last paragraph is to prove that           ．

A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century

B．Hooke was good at making discoveries

C．Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one field

D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers

71．The best title for the text may be           ．

A．The Greatest Scientist    B．A Helper of Newtom

C．A Brief Introduction to Hooke          D．Achievements of Hook

Inventor，physicist，surveyor，astronomer，biologist，artist…Robert Hooke was all these and more．Some say he Was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century．In the course of his work，he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton，and the great architect, Chrish@ler Wren．

Hoocke's early education began at home，under the guidance of his father．He entered Westnfinster School at the age of 13，and from there went to Oxford，where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England．Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments．In 1662，at the age of 28, he was named Curator of

 Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London—meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society’s weekly meetings．Hooke accepted the job，even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!

Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favorite pastimes．He invented a compound microscope for this purpose．One day while observing a cork(软木塞)under a microscope，he saw honeycomb-like structures．They were cells—the smallest units of life．In fact，it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the boxlike ceils of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery(修道院)．

Another achievement Of Hook’s was his book Micrographi which introduced the．Enormous potential of the microscope．It contains fascinating drawings of the things he saw under the  microscope．The book also includes，among other things，ideas on gravity，light and combustion(燃烧)that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena．

Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too．A crater(坑)on the moon is named  after him in appreciation of his services to this branch of science．

68．Why possibly did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments?

A. Because his parents couldn’t afford his education．

B．Because his family needed his support．

C．Because he wanted to please the famous scientists in England．

D．Because he liked designing experiments．

69．The cell got its name because of       ．

A．its use    B．its shape    C．Hooke’s favorites D．Hooke’s experiences

70．The last paragraph is to prove that           ．

A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century

B．Hooke was good at making discoveries

C．Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one field

D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers

71．The best title for the text may be           ．

A．The Greatest Scientist    B．A Helper of Newtom

C．A Brief Introduction to Hooke          D．Achievements of Hook

(D)

Inventor，physicist，surveyor，astronomer，biologist，artist…Robert Hooke was all these and more．Some say he Was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century．In the course of his work，he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton，and the great architect, Chrish@ler Wren．

Hoocke's early education began at home，under the guidance of his father．He entered Westnfinster School at the age of 13，and from there went to Oxford，where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England．Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments．In 1662，at the age of 28, he was named Curator of

Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London—meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society’s weekly meetings．Hooke accepted the job，even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!

Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favorite pastimes．He invented a compound microscope for this purpose．One day while observing a cork(软木塞)under a microscope，he saw honeycomb-like structures．They were cells—the smallest units of life．In fact，it was Hooke who invented the term“cell” as the boxlike ceils of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery(修道院)．

Another achievement Of Hook’s was his book Micrographi which introduced the．Enormous potential of the microscope．It contains fascinating drawings of the things he saw under the  microscope．The book also includes，among other things，ideas on gravity，light and combustion(燃烧)that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena．

Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too．A crater(坑)on the moon is named  after him in appreciation of his services to this branch of science．

68．Why possibly did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments?

A. Because his parents couldn’t afford his education．

B．Because his family needed his support．

C．Because he wanted to please the famous scientists in England．

D．Because he liked designing experiments．

69．The cell got its name because of      ．

A．its use    B．its shape    C．Hooke’s favorites D．Hooke’s experiences

70．The last paragraph is to prove that          ．

A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century

B．Hooke was good at making discoveries

C．Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one field

D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers

71．The best title for the text may be          ．

A．The Greatest Scientist                B．A Helper of Newtom

C．A Brief Introduction to Hooke          D．Achievements of Hook

 

(D)

Inventor，physicist，surveyor，astronomer，biologist，artist…Robert Hooke was all these and more．Some say he Was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century．In the course of his work，he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton，and the great architect, Chrish@ler Wren．

Hoocke's early education began at home，under the guidance of his father．He entered Westnfinster School at the age of 13，and from there went to Oxford，where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England．Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments．In 1662，at the age of 28, he was named Curator of

 Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London—meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society’s weekly meetings．Hooke accepted the job，even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!

Watching living things through a microscope was one of his favorite pastimes．He invented a compound microscope for this purpose．One day while observing a cork(软木塞)under a microscope，he saw honeycomb-like structures．They were cells—the smallest units of life．In fact，it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the boxlike ceils of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery(修道院)．

Another achievement Of Hook’s was his book Micrographi which introduced the．Enormous potential of the microscope．It contains fascinating drawings of the things he saw under the  microscope．The book also includes，among other things，ideas on gravity，light and combustion(燃烧)that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena．

Hooke made valuable contributions to astronomy too．A crater(坑)on the moon is named  after him in appreciation of his services to this branch of science．

68．Why possibly did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments?

A. Because his parents couldn’t afford his education．

B．Because his family needed his support．

C．Because he wanted to please the famous scientists in England．

D．Because he liked designing experiments．

69．The cell got its name because of       ．

A．its use    B．its shape    C．Hooke’s favorites D．Hooke’s experiences

70．The last paragraph is to prove that           ．

A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century

B．Hooke was good at making discoveries

C．Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one field

D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers

71．The best title for the text may be           ．

A．The Greatest Scientist                 B．A Helper of Newtom

C．A Brief Introduction to Hooke          D．Achievements of Hook