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Dr. Carl Sagan has been a leader in space exploration. He is an astronomer at Cornell University and director of the Laboratory for Planetary Studies. The author talked with Dr. Carl Sagan about how he became an astronomer.
Q: At the age of five did you know what the stars were?
A: I didn't know what they were, so I asked my friends and some older children, I got answers like “They're lights in the sky, kid.”That wasn't much of an answer. What were they? Were they little electric light bulbs(灯泡) held by black wires you couldn't see?
Q: If there are creatures living on another planet, what do you think they would look like?
A: I can't imagine what they'd look like, and they couldn't imagine what we'd look like. All of life on Earth is the same, except for some external(外部的) differences in form. Every one of us on Earth, from bacteria(细菌) to human being; is made up of the same kinds of proteins and the same kinds of nucleic acids(核酸). But on another planet, everything is different, and I would expect that the organisms would be totally different from us.
Q: Do you think we should have a manned mission(工作团)to Mars?
A: I don't think there's any reason to send people to Mars if our goal is to find out about Mars. Let's send robots instead. They're cheaper. There's no risk of human lives. Robots can go to more dangerous places. But I think there are reasons for sending people there that are not connected to finding out about Mars. Planning for a manned mission to Mars would force us to improve some of our technology. It would encourage the major technological nations to come together for the project. Space flight also speaks to something deep within us. A human mission to Mars would provide a sense of adventure. It would help to stimulate a new generation of scientists, and it would make all people feel a little more optimistic about what we can do as a planet.
Q: What advice would you give a young person who wants to be an astronomer?
A: I'd say,“Study physics. But before you can study physics you have to know mathematics, so study mathematics.”I would also encourage them to read a lot, be curious, and ask questions.
1．As a boy, Carl Sagan didn't ________.
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A．often ask questions
B．always get satisfying answers from his friends
C．try to do well in physics
D．read a lot
2．We human beings are interested in finding life on another planet because ________.
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A．we are naturally drawn to other things that are alive and are curious about them.
B．most of us want to have more friends.
C．some of us are eager to rule the universe
D．scientists want to show how modem our technology is
3．Robots can be sent to Mars because ________.
[ ]
A．we have enough robots
B．they're strong and big
C．everything is easy to them
D．some duties are too dangerous for human being to fulfill
4．A manned mission to Mars ________.
[ ]
A．is reasonable if the goal is to collect information
B．is O.K. if robots are sent as well
C．can make us improve some technology to prepare for it
D．can make strong nations come together
5．Which of the following statements is true?
[ ]
A．Carl Sagan is an astronaut.
B．Carl Sagan used to ask friends silly questions.
C．Carl Sagan thinks we can't imagine what creatures on another planet look like until they can imagine our appearance.
D．Carl Sagan encourages young people interested in astronomy to work hard at physics as well as mathematics.
