Why doesn’t the unemployment rate ever reach zero? Economists, who generally believe that supply tends to meet demand, have long thought about this question. Even in good times, i.e. not now, there are people who can’t find work. And even in bad times, i.e. now, there are job openings. With over 14 million people out of work and looking for a job, you would think every available job would be filled. But that’s not the case. Not now and not ever.

　　On Monday, the Nobel Prize committee awarded the prize for economics to the three scholars who have done the most to explain this phenomenon. Two of the winners are Americans, Peter Diamond of MIT and Dale Mortensen of Northwestern. The third winner is Christopher Pissarides, who teaches at the London School of Economics and was born on Cyprus.

　　Like most of economics, what they have found about why the jobless and ready-employers don’t find each other seems obvious. You have to find out there is job opening you are interested in. Employers need to get resumes （简历）. It takes a while for both employers and employees to make the decision that this is what they want. And these guys came up with a frame-work to study the problem of why people stay unemployed longer than they should and what can be done about it.

　　So what would today’s Nobel Prize winners do to solve the current problem of the unemployed? And does the awarding of the prize contribute to the politicians’ lowering joblessness?

　　Speaking from his north London home, Pissarides told The Associated Press the announcement came as “a complete surprise” though his work had already helped shape thinking on both sides of the Atlantic.

　　For example, the New Deal for Young People, a British government policy aimed at getting 18-24-year-olds back on the job market after long periods of unemployment, “is very much based on our work,” he said.

　　“One of the key things we found is that it is important to make sure that people do not stay unemployed too long so they don’t lose their feel for the labor force,” Pissarides told reporters in London. “The ways of dealing with this need not be expensive training – it could be as simple as providing work experience.”

According to the writer, which is true about finding jobs?

　　A. It is always difficult to find a job.

　　B. Everyone can find a job in good times.

　　C. Contrary to popular belief, it is easier to find a job in bad times.

　　D. It is possible to find a job even in times as bad as now.

What is it that leads to their winning the prize?

　　A. They have found the reason for unemployment.

　　B. They have put forward a set of ideas to deal with unemployment.

　　C. They have found out why people don’t want to be employed.

　　D. They have long studied the problem of unemployment.

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A. Pissarides thinks his work surprising.

　　B. The work of Pissarides has influenced many economists.

　　C. Some of the winners’ ideas have been put into practice.

　　D. It is probable that unemployed young people in Britain benefit from Pissarides’ work.

According to Pissarides, _________ is effective in dealing with unemployment.

　　A. spending large sums of money on training

　　B. teaching some knowledge of economics

　　C. providing work experience

　　D. keeping people unemployed for some time

       The tea gardens in Sri Lanka are actually large estates(种植园). The best tea usually comes from plants grown on high grounds, the cool hilltops with rows and rows of tea plants. The plants are about one metre apart. The plant is often pruned so that it remains only 60 to 90 centimetres high. Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots, or young leaves. It is from these shoots that the best tea is got.

       Practically all the tea pickers are women. The estates prefer to employ women pickers because they are more careful. Their thin fingers can easily remove the twin leaves and new shoots from the plant, which are the parts used for processing(加工) tea. The pickers carry large baskets into which they throw their pickings. A skilled worker can harvest between 9 to 14 kilogrammes of tea leaves a day. Usually new shoots can be picked from the plants about every ten or fifteen days.

       Processing tea shoots into the familiar dry tea leaves requires great care and skill .There are various methods of processing depending on the type of tea required .For black tea ,the young green leaves are first spread out o shelves to dry. This process removes much of its water and the leaves become soft. After this ,the leaves are passed through heavy rollers .This operation will press the leaves for juices which give the tea both its colour and taste .Then the leaves are spread out on floors and left to ferment （发酵）under wet conditions. Fermentation develops the rich taste of black tea .The fermented leaves are then dried with a hot-air blower until they become rolled-up black leaves .The final step is to sort and grade them before the black tea is ready for sale to countries all over the world.

68.In the first paragraph ,the word “pruning” means       .

  A.regular cutting of the plants    B.frequent watering

  C.regular use of chemicals         D.growing the plants high in the mountain

69.One of the reasons why women are employed to do the picking is that        .

  A.they work harder than men do in the picking

  B.they can throw their pickings more easily into the baskets

  C.their fingers fit them better for the job.

  D.they can more easily find the twin leaves.

70.How many processing steps are mentioned in the last paragraph?

  A.Three.    B.Four.    C.Five.    D.Six.

71.What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?

  A.To introduce various methods of tea processing.

  B.To persuade readers to buy tea from Sri Lanka.

  C.To tell a story that had happened in the tea gardens.

  D.To inform readers of tea growing ,picking and processing.

Nanjing and Hangzhou summer camps offered

We are looking for hard-working and open-minded English teachers to join the Nanjing ( Jiangsu Province) and Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province) summer camps!

Both of the summer camps will run from the beginning of July to the end of August. You will be expected to teach spoken English to Chinese students of different ages. We encourage you to bring your own culture to the classes to make things more interesting.

The information of the Nanjing camp:

l Working hours: 40 hours per week, 5 working days per week.

l Salary: about 7,000 RMB per month.

l Accommodation(食宿): free (single room).

The information of the Hangzhou camp:

l Working hours: 5 hours per day (="50" min./class×6 classes), one day rest per week.

l Salary: 20,160 RMB in total (420 RMB per day=70RMB/class×6 classes)

l Accommodation: free (shared room)

The requirements (要求) of the summer camps:

l Native English speakers (US, England, Canada, Australia, New Zealand)

l A university degree.

l Teaching experience.

Please send us your resume (简历), copies of certificates (证书) and passport if you are interested in the camps.

E-mail: teacher 1324@sina.com.cn

For more information you can visit our website at http://www.Englishsummercamps.com.cn

Looking forward to hearing from you soon!

1.What kind of people is the passage mainly written for?

A．Teachers of English in China.

B．Foreign English teachers.

C．Chinese-speaking students.

D．English-learning students.

2.How long will a teacher work for the summer camps?

A．Less than one month.	B．About five weeks.
C．About eight weeks.	D．More than two months.

3.Who might be accepted as a teacher at the summer camps?

A. Abhishek, an excellent teacher from India.

B. Robert, a high school student from the USA.

C. Linda, an experienced university teacher from Canada.

D. Jerry, a university student from Australia.

4.Compared with the Nanjing camp, the Hangzhou camp __________.

A．has longer working hours	B．has younger students to teach
C．provides better accommodation	D．pays a higher salary

 

         Man’s best friend could be one of the environment’s worst enemies, according to a new study that says that your pet dog’s carbon pawprint(碳足迹) is more than double that of a sports car.

         Yet this point of view, made by New Zealanders Robert and Brenda Vale, has angered pet owners who feel they are being picked out as troublemakers.

         The Vales, researchers in sustainable(可持续的) living, looked at popular brands of pet food and calculated that a medium-sized dog eats about 164 kilos of meat and 95 kilos of grain a year.

         Combining that with the energy needed to produce that food, it means a medium-sized dog has an annual footprint of 0.84 hectares(公顷), about twice the 0.41 hectares required by a sports car driving 10,000 kilometers a year, including energy to build the car.

         “Owning a dog really is quite an extravagance(奢侈), mainly because of the carbon footprint of mean. Other animals aren’t better for the environment,” the Vales say.

         Cats have an eco-footprint of about 0.15 hectares a year, while two hamsters(仓鼠) are the same as a television and even the goldfish burns energy equal to two cellphones.

         However, Reha Huttin, president of France’s 30 Million Friends animal rights foundation says pets are too important to human life to be got rid of.

         “Everyone should work out their own environmental effect,” Huttin argude. “I should be allowed to say that I walk instead of using my car and that I don’t eat meat, so why souldn’t I be allowed to have a little cat to reduce my loneliness?”

         The Vales give some solutions to reduce pets’ environmental effect, including reducing pets’ meat intake. But they said that, as with buying a car ,humans should take the environmental effect of their future compainon into account.

71．The best title of the article is "______"．

         A．Work out our carbon emissions         B．Reduce our pets’ meat intake

         C．Be careful of keeping our pets          D．Mind our pets’ carbon footprint

72．Reha Huttin’s remark really means that ______．

         A．pets should not be kept as a result of consuming much food

         B pets are doing no harm to the environment at all

         C．people can keep pets by reducing their environmental effect

         D．he prefers walking to driving to reduce his loneliness

73．We know from the article that ______．

         A．a medium-sized dog eats around 95 kilos of grain and meat a year

         B．a medium-sized dog has an annual footprint 5．6 times that of a cat

         C．two hamsters burn the same energy as two televisions

         D．a sports car running 10,000 kilometers requires 0.41 hectares of footprint

74．Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?

         A．The Vales insist that pets should be got rid of．

         B．Some pet owners are against the Vales’ point of view．

         C．Keeping pets does have a bad effect on the environment．

         D．Pets’ carbon footprint should not be neglected．

75．Which of the following can help reduce pets’ environmental effect based on the text?

         A．Feeding pets on less meat．

       B．Working out eco-footprints of pets．

         C．Keeping the goldfish instead of dogs．

         D．Getting rid of pets from human life．

Nanjing and Hangzhou summer camps offered

       We are looking for hard-working and open-minded English teachers to join the Nanjing (Jiangsu Province) and Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province) summer camps! 

       Both of the summer camps will run from the beginning of July to the end of August. You will be expected to teach spoken English to Chinese students of different ages. We encourage you to bring your own culture to the classes to make things more interesting.

       The information of the Nanjing camp:

       ● Working hours: 40 hours per week, 5 working days per week. 

       ● Salary: about 7,000 RMB per month.

       ● Accommodation : free (single room).  

       The information of the Hangzhou camp:

       ● Working hours: 5 hours per day (= 50 min. / class × 6 classes), one day rest per week. 

       ● Salary: 20,160 RMB in total (420 RMB per day = 70 RMB / class × 6 classes).  

       ● Accommodation: free (shared room).   

       The requirements of the summer camps:

       ● Native English speakers (US, England, Canada, Australia, New Zealand).

       ● A university degree.

       ● Teaching experience. 

       Please send us your resume (简历), copies of certificates and passport if you are interested in the camps. 

       E-mail: teacher1324@sina.com.cn

       For more information you can visit our website at http://www.Englishsummercamps.com.cn

       Look forward to hearing from you soon! 

What kind of people is the passage mainly written for?

A. Chinese English teachers.           B. Foreign English teachers.

C. Chinese-speaking students.        D. English-learning students.

How long will a teacher work for the summer camps?

A. Less than one month.           B. About five weeks.

C. About eight weeks.             D. More than two months.

Which of the following people might be accepted as a teacher at the summer camps?

A. Wang Li, an excellent teacher from China.

B. Robert, a high school student from the USA.

C. Linda, an experienced university teacher from Canada.

D. Jerry, a university student from Australia.

Compared with the Nanjing camp, the Hangzhou camp ______. 

A. has longer working hours         B. has fewer students to teach 

C. provides better accommodation    D. pays a higher salary