There are two types of people in the world．Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable．This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds．

The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and the fine weather．

They enjoy all the cheerful things．Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things．Therefore, they are continually discontented （不满意的） ．By their remarks, they soar （提升） the pleasures of society, offend （冒犯 ） many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere．If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied．

The tendency to criticize and be disgusted （厌恶） is perhaps taken up originally by imitation． It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors．The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes．I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit．

Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck．Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that．This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments．If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success．Nor will anyone speak a word to favor their hopes．If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them．

These people should change this bad habit．If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them．

Title: Two Types of People

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The decision to further all or part of your studies outside your country is a serious one, and one which for most students will have a special life-long benefit. If you realize English will help you in your career and make your personal life better, you will find that coming to England to study English is a very special experience that you will never forget. I am very pleased to have this opportunity to invite you to join our English Language course.

    London is one of the world's best cultural and trading centers. You will live in one of the world's great cities. It gives the perfect situation in which to learn and develop English language skills. The international students attending courses at English Language Institutes in London gives a chance to feel a different culture and learn English. As we prepare for the 21st Century, international communication has never been more important, "To master a foreign language is becoming a useful tool for trade, industrial and professional success. Our aim at the English Language Institutes is to develop students' English language skill in friendly and helpful conditions.

Supported by computer, video and audio equipment, and using sound classroom, our team of teachers will guide you through your chosen course of study, you will receive excellent service and advice at every stage. Out-of-class support staff will help you settle in and make the most of your stay in London. Truly, you will enjoy yourself in London and make friendships that will last a life-time. I hope we can welcome you to this exciting world of London. Come and see us! Visit a class in any of the English language Institutes. See for yourself why we encourage you to study in London.

What's the main purpose of this text? (回答词数不超过8个)

What is the advantage of the course for foreign students at English Language Institutes in London? (回答词数不超过12个)

Who will help the students settle in and enjoy themselves in London when they study there?

(回答词数不超过3个)

Even though it was only October，my students were already whispering about Christmas plans. With each passing day everyone became more____ waiting for the final school bell. Upon its____? everyone would run for their coats and go home，everyone except David.

David was a small boy in ragged clothes. I had often____ what kind of home life David had，and what kind of mother could send her son to school dressed so____for the cold winter months without a coat，boots，or gloves. But something made David____.I can still remember he was always____a smile and willing to help. He always____ after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much.He____ just simply smile and ask what else he could do，then thank me for letting him stay and slowly____ home.

Weeks passed and the____ over the coming Christmas grew into restlessness until the last day of____ before the holiday break. I smiled in____ as the last of them hurried out of the door. Turning around I saw David____ standing by my desk.

“I have something for you，”he said and____from behind his back a small box.__ __? it to me，he said anxiously，“Open it.” I took the box from him，thanked him and slowly unwrapped it. I lifted the lid and to my____ I saw nothing. I looked at David’s smiling face and back into the box and said，“The box is nice，David，but it’s____.”

“Oh，no. It isn’t.” said David.” It’s full of love. My mum told me before she died that love was something you couldn’t see or touch unless you know it’s there.”

Tears filled my eyes_____? I looked at the proud dirty face that I had rarely given____ to. After that Christmas，David and I became good friends and I never forgot the meaning____the little empty box set on my desk..

1.A. cautious??? B．courageous??????? C．serious???????? D．anxious

2.A.warning???? B．calling?????????? C． ringing?????? D．yelling

3.A.scolded???? B．wondered???????? C．realized???????? D．learned

4.A.modestly?? B．naturally???? C．inaccurately????? D．inappropriately

5.A. special????? B．upset?????????? C．popular???????? D．funny

6.A. wearing???? B．delivering?????? C．expressing?????? D．sharing

7.A.practised???? B．wandered?????? C．studied????????? D．stayed

8.A. might?????? B．should????????? C．would????????? D．could

9.A.aim at?????? B．head for???????? C．put off????????? D．turn to

10.A.argument??? B．judgment?????? C．movement?????? D． excitement

11.A. education??? B．year?????????? C．school?????????? D．program

12.A.relief??????? B．return????????? C．vain???????????? D．control

13.A.weakly????? B．quietly????????? C．sadly??????????? D．helplessly

14.A.searched???? B．found?????????? C．raised?????????? D．pulled

15.A.Holding???? B．Handing???????? C．Sending????????? D．Leaving

16.A. appreciation?? B．expectation???????? C．delight?????? D．surprise

17.A. empty??? B．cheap??????????? C．useless????????? D．improper

18.A.as??????? B．until?????????????? C．because???????? D．though

19.A.advice??? B．support??????????? C．attention???????? D．command

20.A.from????? B．towards????????? C．over??????????? D． behind??

There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds.

People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things: the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied. By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend(hurt) many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The intention of criticizing(批评) and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation(模仿). It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.

Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings. These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact(接触) with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.

People who are unhappy _______.

A. always consider things differently from others

B. usually are affected by the results of certain things

C. usually misunderstand what others think or say

D. always discover the unpleasant side of certain things

The phrase “sour the pleasure of society” most nearly means “_______”.

A. have a good taste with social life            B. make others unhappy

C. tend so scold others openly                            D. enjoy the pleasure of life

We can conclude from the passage that _______.

A. we should pity all such unhappy people

B. such unhappy people are dangerous to social life

C. people can get rid of the habit of unhappiness

D. unhappy people can not understand happy persons

If such unhappy persons insist on keeping the habit, the author suggests that people should _______.

A. prevent any communication with them

B. show no respect and politeness to them

C. persuade them to recognize the bad effects

D. quarrel with them until they realize the mistakes

In this passage, the writer mainly _______.

A. describes two types of people

B. laughs at the unhappy people

C. suggests the unhappy people should get rid of the habits of unhappiness

D. tells people how to be happy in life

Gallows humor（黑色幽默）seem like a mistake, or at least in poor taste. But psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress. “Humor makes you feel in control and it can give you that feeling that everything is okay even when it's not,” says James M. Jones, a psychology professor at the University of Delaware.

Psychologists say that just because you're laughing doesn't mean you’re wasting time. Occasional teasing among colleagues, particularly if it revolves around things associated with the job, can boost creativity, departmental cohesiveness（凝聚力）and performance.

“There are a lot of stressors out there,” says Ed Dunkelblau, a psychologist with the Institute for Emotionally Intelligent Learning in Chicago. “But gallows humor is a way of making difficult things a little less difficult.”

This is true as long as the humor is used for the right purpose. The main point of it should be inspiring people --- not laughing at them. “Anything that would lift morale（士气）in terms of the company would be good humor,” says Thierry Guedj, a professor of business and psychology at Boston University. “Before you say or do anything, think about, ‘How is this helping my employees’ morale?’”

You want to give your employees and co-workers a sense of belonging, so don’t make observations that are aggressive. Most obviously, Dr Guedj says, don’t make comments about people’s physical appearance, or faith. If you have any doubt, it's appropriate, don't go through with it.

Or you can take aim at the one person you know won't be offended（冒犯）:Yourself. “If there's going to be a joke or story, it should be you,” Mr. Dunkelblau says. For example, if you're a marketing manager reviewing a failed campaign that you led, begin with a line like, “The guy who gave permission to this deal might just be looking for work next week.”

“People with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves too,” Mr. Jones says. “And if you can laugh at yourself, you feel better about yourself.”

1.According to the text, gallows humor has the following functions EXCEPT ________.

A．reducing pressure

B．improving performance

C．making people more creative

D．leading to a big mistake

2.What is Ed Dunkelblau’s attitude towards gallows humor?

A．Positive.          B．Negative.          C．Neutral.           D．Uncertain.

3.Which of the following would Dr. Guedj most probably agree with?

A．Gallows humor is the basic source of morale.

B．Gallows humor allows people to laugh at others.

C．Gallows humor may sometimes be used for the wrong purpose.

D．Anything that may lift morale can be called gallows humor.

4.When people use gallows humor, they should ________.

A．observe who is aggressive

B．show a sense of belonging

C．doubt about the result of humors

D．try to avoid irritating others

5.What can we infer from the text?

A．People tend to laugh at others rather than themselves.

B．Laughing at ourselves can help relieve the stress of others.

C．People can’t avoid offending others with gallows humor.

D．People who laugh at themselves are hard to be friends with.