题目列表(包括答案和解析)
It's not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babies too have their own social lives and enjoy group interaction, according to a world-first study.
The breakthrough study conducted by psychologist Professor Ben Bradley, at Charles Sturt University, could completely transform the way child-care centers are set up. In their study, the researchers examined groups of nine-month-old babies in new South Wales and Britain.
And they came across astonishing results—it was found that infants had “social brains” and focused not just on their mothers but on social 1ife in groups as well,
“They communicate with more than one baby at once,and show jealousy and generousness,”said Professor Bradley.
He added,“They develop their own meanings through group interaction,they notice if a group member is behaving differently and they take on roles,such as leaders and followers.”
“A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn(内向的),but put that same baby in a group of its peers(同龄人)and they behave and interact like any other baby.”
It was the first all-baby group study ever to be conducted.“Most studies of babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship,assuming that is the single foundation for mental health.but babies are constantly involved with groups of people other than their mothers:fathers,siblings,grandparents and those taking care.Therefore。the ‘mother-baby approach’ needs to be combined with a‘ group approach’.”said Bradley.
Phoebe Christison ,a child-care worker at Camperdown Sunshine Bubs in Sydney’s inner west.said she often noticed what appeared.to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers.
She said,“Joel(10 months)and Isabella (11months)always like to hold hands when they sit in their high chairs and eat.And babies definitely show jealousy.They push and touch each other,and copy what the other is doing.”
【小题1】A baby who has a depressed mother ____ .
A.tends to be a follower |
B.also enjoys group interaction |
C.has poor social ability |
D.pays more attention to its mother |
A.Babies are affected by groups more than by their mothers. |
B.There’s no need of child-care centers at a11. |
C. Adults should include babies when having social activities. |
D.The normal infant-mother bond alone isn’t enough for the good mental health for babies. |
A.adults | B.infants | C.peers | D.groups |
A.is born to be friendly to other babies |
B.has interest in peers as well as in its mother |
C.may have emotional attachments to another baby |
D.shows jealousy and generousness as an adult |
It’s not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babies too have their own social lives and enjoy group interaction, according to a world-first study.
The breakthrough study conducted by psychologist Professor Ben Bradley, at Charles Sturt University, could completely transform the way child-care centers are set up.In their study, the researchers examined groups of nine-month-old babies in new South Wales and Britain.
And they came across astonishing results – it was found that infants had “social brains” and focused not just on their mothers but on social life in groups as well.
“They communicate with more than one baby at once, and show jealousy and generousness,” said Professor Bradley. He added, “They develop their own meanings through group interaction, they notice if a group member is behaving differently and they take on roles, such as leaders and followers.”“A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn(内向的), but put that same baby in a group of its peers(同龄人)and they behave and interact like any other baby.”
It was the first all-baby group study ever to be conducted.“Most studies of babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship, assuming that is the single foundation for mental health, but babies are constantly involved with groups of people other than their mothers: fathers, siblings, grandparents and those taking care.Therefore, the ‘mother-baby approach’ needs to be combined with a ‘group approach’,” said Bradley.
Phoebe Christison, a child-care worker at Camperdown Sunshine Bubs in Sydney’s inner west, said she often noticed what appeared to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers. She said, “Joel(10 months)and Isabella(11 months)always like to hold hands when they sit in their high chairs and eat.And babies definitely show jealousy.They push and touch each other, and copy what the other is doing.”
1.Which of the following statements about the study is TRUE?
A.It’s the first study to look at all-baby groups.
B.It divides babies according to their personalities.
C.Its aim is to change the way of child care.
D.Its results are unbelievable.
2.A baby who has a depressed mother _________.
A.tends to be a follower B.also enjoys group interaction
C.has poor social ability D.pays more attention to its mother
3.What can be inferred from the result of this study?
A.Babies are affected by groups more than by their mothers.
B.There’s no need of child-care centers at all.
C.Adults should include babies when having social activities.
D.The normal infant-mother bond alone isn’t enough for the good mental health for babies.
4.The underlined word “toddlers” in Para.8 can be replaced by “_________”.
A.adults B.infants C.peers D.groups
5.The example given in the last paragraph proves that a baby ________.
A.is born to be friendly to other babies
B.has interest in peers as well as in its mother
C.may have emotional attachments to another baby
D.shows jealousy and generousness as an adult
Paper was not made in southern Europe until the year 1100.Though Scandinavia now 1 a great deal of the world s paper, it did not begin to make it until 1500. 2 was a German named Schaeffer who found out that one could make the best paper from 3 . After that, forest countries, such as Canada, Sweden, Norway, Finland and the United States, became the most important in 4 . Today in Finland, 5 , no industry is bigger than the forest industry. And the 6 industry is the most important part of it.
Modern paper-making machines are very big, 7 they make paper very fast. The 8 machines can make a piece of paper 750 metres long and six metres wide in one minute.
When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, 9 , and writing paper. But there are many other 10 . Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We 11 paper cups, plates, and dishes for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and 12 beds can be made of paper. The newest thing made of paper in the world may be a paper 13 . It is not a small house for children to 14 , but a real, big house for people to live in. It is not expensive. You can 15 a paper house yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about 5 years.
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Cloze
Paper was not made in southern Europe until tile year 1100. Though Scandinavia now __1__ a great deal of the world's paper, it did not begin to make it until 1500. __2__ was a German named Schaeffer who found out that one could make the best paper from __3__ After that, forest countries, such as Canada, Sweden, Norway, Finland and the United States, became the most important in __4__ Today in Finland, __5__ no industry is bigger than the forest industry. And the __6__ industry is the most important part of it.
Modern paper-making machines are very big, __7__ they make paper very fast. The __8__ machines can make a piece of paper 750 metres long and six metres wide in one minute.
When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, __9__ , and writing paper. But there are many other __10__. Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We __11__ paper cups, plates, and dishes for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and __12__ beds can be made of paper. The newest thing made of paper in the world may be a paper __13__ It is not a small house for children to __14__, but a real, big house for people to live in. It is not expensive. You can __15__ a paper house yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about 5 years.
(1) A.invents |
B.makes |
C.develops |
D.buys |
(2) A.He |
B.There |
C.That |
D.It |
(3) A.bamboo |
B.fishing nets |
C.fibres of plants |
D.wood |
(4) A.pap-er making |
B.politics |
||
C.tree planting |
D.peace keeping |
||
(5) A.however |
B.including |
C.for example |
D.in fact |
(6) A.iron |
B.heavy |
C.light |
D.paper |
(7) A.and |
B.but |
C.instead |
D.though |
(8) A.biggest |
B.smallest |
C.cheapest |
D.worst |
(9) A.tables |
B.machines |
C.envelopes |
D.erasers |
(10) A.uses |
B.things |
C.ideas |
D.helps |
(11) A.have invented |
B.haven't invented |
||
C. have had |
D.haven't had |
||
(12) A.exactly |
B.nearly |
C.wholly |
D.even |
(13) A.plane |
B.house |
C.roof |
D.truck |
(14) A.play in |
B.sleep in |
C.have lessons in |
D.set up |
(15) A.discover |
B.think of |
C.put up |
D.throw |
You may think that inventions are far away from your everyday life. But in fact, almost everyone can invent. It’s just that they do not recognize that their idea could be the start of an invention.
Once inventors see their ideas have some practical value, they don’t let them slip away.
For example, the inventor of the dishwasher, American Josephine Cochrane, loved to give dinner parties. But she found it took too long to wash her dishes by hand and too many of them broke. She decided that a machine could do the job faster and with fewer mistakes. So, in 1886, she set out to make one for herself.
Like Cochrane’s, most inventions are created to solve a problem. So, the first and most important step is to find the problem.
You can start by looking at what is wrong with things you use now. You can ask grandparents or neighbors if they remember ever saying:“I wish someone would invent something for…”Or you can look at people in different areas such as on the street, or at school. Then you might notice situations or things in need of improvement.
Remember to record your ideas and work. This will help you develop your invention and protect it when it is completed.
The next step is to think about possible solutions. An invention is a new way of solving a problem. So think of many, varied, and unusual ways.
You can often come up with a solution for a problem by looking at it from a different angle(角度)or thinking about it in a new way.
Example 1—instead of thinking of shoes as protecting your feet from the ground, think of using something to protect the ground from your feet.
Example 2—instead of thinking about how you can carry oranges home from a store, think of how they can come to you by delivery or growing your own.
Example 3—instead of experimenting with only one solution, can you put two or three solutions together, or arrange them in different orders?
And if one solution doesn’t work, can it be put to other uses? That was how yellow post-it notes(N次贴) came about—a “failed”adhesive(粘合剂)experiment proved a weak adhesive had good uses too!
After all, most inventions are not brand new. They do not come out of nowhere, but come out of things or ideas that already exist(存在).
And the hardest part of inventing, even for a lot of inventors, is coming up with a problem and finding a solution. Once you have an idea, you can always get help building your invention.
This problem-solving technique can also work in your everyday lives. So, why not try it in your studies, in your relationship with others, or even in the way you look at the world?
1. The main idea of this story is________________.
A. how to improve the world around you
B. that you can invent and how you will be able to do so
C. problem-solving technique
D. how inventors invent
2. What makes inventors different from other people is probably that________________.
A. they consider every new idea as an invention
B. they are full of creative ideas
C. they enjoy solving problems
D. they look for problems and try to solve them in a new and better way
3. What made Josephine Cochrane decide to invent the dishwasher?
A. Her love of parties.
B. Her dislike of dishwashing.
C. Her desire for something that could do the dishwashing better.
D. Her love of inventing.
4. Which of the following is one of the ways to find a problem?
A. Look at the world from a different angle.
B. Find out things that people are not satisfied with.
C. Do experiments.
D. Never let a practical idea slip away.
5. The underlined phrase“come about”probably means to________________.
A. come into being B. put to use
C. work D. become
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