1During the First World War, some Americans indirectly benefited because
of the war. With two million white men fighting in Europe and no new immigrants
entering the country, many jobs in the United States became available to blacks
and women for the first time.
2Both groups proved their ability to do any kind of job. Women became
railway conductors, brick layers, and factory workers. Their presence in
traditionally male workplace produced many problems. Men were annoyed by women’s
higher productivity and willingness to work for lower pay. Working mothers were
often criticized for leaving their families. But many women welcomed the
responsibilities. “It was not until our men were called overseas,” said one
woman bank executive, “that we make any real onslaught on the realm of finance,
and became tellers, managers of departments, and junior and senior officers.”
3Women who did not take jobs helped in the war effort in other ways. They
made uniforms, rolled bandages, and campaigned for the sale of Liberty Bonds to
help finance the war.
4American manufacturers offered jobs to large numbers of black Americans
for the first time as a result of the war. Most factories were located in the
North. To take advantage of these new job opportunities, many black families
moved from their homes in the South to the Northern cities such as Pittsburgh,
Cleveland, Buffalo, Chicago, and Detroit.
5White Americans were of two minds about the role of black Americans in
the war effort. On the one hand, black workers’ ability to learn new jobs
quickly and do them well strengthened the home front, and the black men’s
fighting ability helped the Allies win the war. However, many whites did not
want to acknowledge that blacks were capable, effective workers. White soldiers
returning from the war had no desire to compete for jobs with blacks on equal
terms. At the same time, many blacks were not willing to a lesser role once the
war had ended.
1.Why could American women and backs find jobs during
World War I?
A. They were taken to serve the war. B.
They had their equal right at that time.
C. Workforce was in great need. D.
They had better productivities.
2.Which of the following is Untrue according to the
above passage?
A. Blacks women were not allowed to fight in World War
I.
B. All American women went to work during World War I.
C. Northern cities applied more blacks during World
War I.
D. Women and blacks earned a lot during World War I.
3.Which of the following is the main idea of the whole
passage?
A. Americans benefited a lot from World Ward I.
B. World War I had strong effect on America.
C. Some Americans benefited from World War I
indirectly.
D. U.S.A. women and blacks contributed much in World
War I.
4.Which of the following shows the right structures of
the above passage?
A. 1→23→45 B. 1→2→3→4→5
C. 1→23→4→5
D. 123→4→5
