Disposing of the garbage we produce every day is a major problem in cities around the world. In the United States, over 160 million tons of garbage is produced every year. Ten percent is recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest is put in landfills. But finding land for new landfills is becoming more difficult.
A city that has solved this problem in an unusual way is Machida in Tokyo. They have developed a totally new way of dealing with garbage. The key to the operation is that people should work together. Families must divide their garbage into six groups:

1. garbage that can be easily burned, such as kitchen and garden trash 2. garbage that doesn’t burn easily, such as plastic tools and plastic toys 3. products that are poisonous or that cause pollution, such as batteries 4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled 5. metal containers that can be recycled 6. large items, such as furniture and bicycles

    The items in Groups 1 to 5 are collected on different days. Large items are only collected upon request. Then the garbage is taken to a centre that looks like a clean new office building or hospital. Inside the centre, special equipment is used to sort and deal with garbage. Almost everything can be reused: garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer; garbage that can burn is burned to produce electricity; metal containers and bottles are recycled; and old furniture, clothing, and other useful items are cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for the disabled and gives them a chance to learn new skills.
Nowadays, officials from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage problems.
【小题1】 Each year people in the U.S.A. have to find places to put in _______ million tons of garbage.
A.160           B.128               C.16                    D.32
【小题2】George’s family has the following garbage: wooden chairs, empty tins and branches. Into which group should he put the garbage?

A．Group 6, Group 5, Group 1.	B．Group 1, Group 3, Group 2.
C．Group 6, Group 5, Group 2.	D．Group 6, Group 4, Group 1.

【小题3】 From the text we know that ________ .

A．those who are working at the garbage disposal centre are disabled persons.

B．without people’s cooperation, the garbage disposal project would be a failure.

C．the items in Group1 and Group6 are not collected on the same day.

D．the garage is taken to a clean new office building for disposal.

［1］Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict”. He jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled”. Today David wears casual clothes—khaki pants and sports shirt to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever”. David says, “And I need to feel comfortable”.

[ 2 ]More and more companies are allowing their office workers to          in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday. This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.

[ 3 ]Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “Many young people don’t want to dress up for work”, says the owner of a software company, “So it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code”. Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employees’ motivation. Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day”, one person said, “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes”.

1.Why does David Smith wear casual clothes now? (no more than 8 words)

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2.List three advantages of casual office wear according to the text? (no more than 10 words)

①______________________________________________________________________________

②______________________________________________________________________________

③______________________________________________________________________________

3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 6 words)

_______________________________________________________________________________

4.What does it mean by a conservative dress code? (no more than 10 words)

_______________________________________________________________________________

5.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? (no more than 18 words)

_______________________________________________________________________________

 

阅读表达

[1] A healthy weight is a weight that lowers your risk for health problems. For most people, body mass index (BMI) and waist size are good ways to tell if they are at a healthy weight.

[2] If you want to get to a healthy weight and stay there, a healthy lifestyle will work better than dieting. Reaching a certain number on the scale is not as important as having a healthy lifestyle.

[3] Staying at a healthy weight is one of the best things you can do for your health. It can help prevent serious problems, including: heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and sleep apnea.

[4] But weight is only _________. Even if you carry some extra weight, eating healthy foods and being more active can help you feel better, have more energy, and lower your risk for disease

[5] If you decide that you do need to make some changes, here are three steps to reach a healthy weight:

[6] Improve your eating habits. Do it slowly. You may be tempted to do a diet overhaul and change everything about the way you eat. But you will be more successful at staying with the changes you make if you pick just one eating habit at a time to work on.

[7] Get moving: Try to make physical activity a regular part of your day, just like brushing your teeth.

[8] Changing your thinking. Our thoughts have a lot to do with how we feel and what we do. If you can stop your brain from telling you discouraging things and have it start encouraging you instead, you may be surprised at how much healthier you’ll be in mind and body.    

1.What does the author say about getting to a healthy weight according to Paragraph 2?(no more than 8 words)

_______________________________________________________________________________

2. Complete the following statement with proper words. (no more than 4 words)

If you have some _________ don’t worry, you can still keep healthier by eating

healthier food and being more active.

3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 6 words)

_______________________________________________________________________________

4.List three steps to reach a healthy weight according to the text. (no more than 15 words)

(1) _________________________________________________________________________

(2)_________________________________________________________________________

(3)_________________________________________________________________________

5. What does the word “it” (line2, Paragraph 8) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)

____________________________________________________________________________

 

 Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.

Bicycle rental companies in Beijing are going broken, because nobody wants to hire their services. Major rental operators have invested about 100 million yuan ($14.7 million) in almost 20,000 bicycles but are now struggling to survive.

A spokesman from the Bird of Freedom Bicycle Rental said the company had already sold most of the 400 bicycles.“This is a difficult business, especially when it is cold.The cold weather almost killed the business.” he said.

Bigger rental companies are also facing challenges.Beijing Bicycle Rental Co. Ltd. which owns 8,000 bicycles, has invested more than 30 million yuan over the past year.Wang Yong, chairman of the group, said his company had not made a profit since it began in 2005.

Almost all bicycle rental companies in Beijing require deposits of 300 to 400 yuan and then customers need to pay 10 yuan or more per hour.“I don't want to pay 400 yuan to rent a bike.It's too dear,” said Zhang Yu, a student in Communication University of China, who does not own a bike and often takes motorized rickshaws.“If renting for one day will cost 20 yuan and I rent a bike for five days, I can use the money to buy a new one.”

Although facing economic ruin, some enterprises are still hoping that conditions will improve.

IbikeMedia, one of the biggest bicycle rental companies in China, also invested tens of millions yuan in Beijing and has more than 10,000 bicycles.Li Weiwei, general manager of IbikeMedia Beijing, said his company has a policy of no deposit and no payment.He said the company tried to put advertisements on the bicycles and in this way, they could make profits.But they had not made a profit yet because of its small scale.However, customers must pay 20 yuan per card and also show proof of good personal credit.

In early July, the Beijing municipal government announced plans to develop a 50,000­bicycle rental operation across the city.“The bigger network we have, the more citizens will rent bikes，” Li said.“This will make rental easier to citizens and we strongly need help from the government.”

1.In which season is the bicycle rental business the most difficult in Beijing? (No more than 2 words)

_____________________________________________________________

2.List the reasons why Zhang Yu is not willing to rent a bike.(No more than 6 words)

____________________________________________________________

3.How can IbikeMedia possibly make a profit according to Li Weiwei? (No more than 6 words)

_____________________________________________________________

4.What is the main idea of the passage ？(No more than 10 words)

______________________________________________________________

 

Everyone has good habits and bad habits.

Unfortunately,while identifying(识别) our bad habits is easy,changing them is not.Here are some tips to help you develop good habits to achieve your goals.?

1. Identify Your Bad Habits

    You should be able to understand your own  

    behavior and how they can either help or

    hinder(阻碍)your success.To help you out,

think about how others act and about how   

   you react.Then identify those actions that

   anger,upset,or annoy you. ?

2. Write Them Down

    Once you have identified the behavior you    

    wish to improve,write them down on a piece

    of paper.Choose one,two at most,and focus

    only on those.Make notes about them,and

    post those notes in prominent(显眼的) places

    to serve as a constant reminder to you to

    correct your behavior in those areas.

3. Live for Today

    Try not to think of what you have to do

    tomorrow,next week,or next  month.

    Instead,focus on what you are doing right  

    now.Give each person you deal with your

    undivided attention,and try not to let other

    aspects of your life interfere(打扰).

4. Seek Help?

    Let your family and friends know about the 

changes you wish to make in your life.Ask

Them _____ .Sometimes learning to accept advice is a new habit in and of itself.By receiving advice from people you trust,you will be able to learn whether or not you will be successful in building new habits. Change is ?

not easy.It takes effort,hard work,and determination. As you begin to build new habits, you will need to think about them constantly to prevent the old habits from taking over. With time and practice,you will have developed new behavior that can lead you to success.

1. What is the best title of the passage?(Please  answer within 10 words.)?

2. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one??

 You should concentrate on those bad habits you have that you most want to get rid of.?

3. Please fill in the blank in the fifth paragraph with the proper words.  (Please answer within

6 words.)?

4. What’s your own opinion on getting rid of bad habits?  (Please answer within 20 words.)?

5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.?