My students often tell me that they don’t have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork.

My reply is often a brief “You have as much time as the president.” I usually carry on a bit about there being twenty-four hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that “not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of not getting something done.

Once in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors by saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “That’s irrelevant (无关的). What’s important is the quality of your work.” Since then I have had time to think carefully about the “hard worker” dodge (诀窍), and I have come to some conclusions — all relevant to the problem of how much time we have.

If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, of course, the matter of “time”, which we can think of as fixed. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, as my professor suggested, it’s not how hard one works but the quality of the product that’s important.

That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That concept is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someone’s office: “Don’t work harder. Work smarter.” There is a lot of sense in that idea.

If you can’t get more time, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of the same time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means “homework”, the expression “work habits” should be read as “study habits”.

Then, as a smart student, you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study, chiefly reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies.

1.We can infer from the 2^nd paragraph that we students still _____ .

A．have enough time                       B．can meet the president

C．get everything done well                  D．should accept the explanation

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The author’s students make good use of their time to do all their homework.

B．The author tried to tell the professor that he/she (author) had done a good job.

C．You can’t improve the quality of the work if you can’t get more time.

D．You’ll try to improve your skills in reading and writing if you’re a clever student.

3.What’s the passage mainly about?

A．Students don’t have enough time.         B．Don’t work harder; work smarter.

C．No one can get more time.                D．Read better and write better.

根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，.并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

— I'm tired, Larry. Can we have a break?

—1._____

一 I know, but I'm really tired, and my stomach hurts.

—2._____.

—  I was so excited I couldn't sleep last night. I fell asleep at about 2 o'clock in the morning.

—  Oh, Susie. I told you that you wouldn't be able to climb the mountain unless you got enough sleep!

—3._____

—  This is a one-day trip. We'll have to keep going and try to reach the top by noon or give up

right now and go home. Which do you want? 一 Which one do I choose?4._____

一 Well, you need to make up your mind soon-whether we should keep going or give up.

—5._____ OK, I think I will not give up.

A.Yes, you did, but I couldn't help it.

B.I don't want to give up, but I'm so tired.

C.Sorry, but we're supposed to be meeting alone.

D.Let me think about it.

E.Yes. Of course.

F.But we just started about twenty minutes ago.

G What's the matter?

A man once said how useless it was to put advertisements in the newspaper.

“Last week, ” he said,  “my umbrella was stolen from a London church. As

it was a present,  I spent twice its worth in advertising,  but didn’t get it back. ”

“How did you write your advertisement? ” asked one of the listeners,  a merchant.

　　“Here it is, ” said the man,  taking out of his pocket a slip cut from a newspaper. The other man took it and read,  “Lost from the City Church last Sunday evening,  a black silk umbrella. The gentleman who finds it will receive ten shillings on leaving it at No. 10 Broad Street. ”

“Now, ” said the merchant,  “I often advertise,  and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is of extreme importance. Let us try for your umbrella again,  and if it fails,  I’ll buy you a new one. ”

　　The merchant then took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote:  “If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening doesn’t wish to get into trouble,  he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known. ”

　　This appeared in the newspaper,  and on the following morning,  the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors,  and his own was among them. Many of them had notes fastened to them saying that they had been taken by mistake,  and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.

1.The result of the first advertisement was that＿＿＿＿ .

2.The merchant suggested that the man should＿＿＿ .

3.“. . . if it fails,  I’ll buy you a new one” suggested that the merchant＿＿＿＿ .

4.The story is mainly about ＿＿＿＿＿.

–What’s the matter with you?

–After the long walk, my legs ____ and I couldn’t go any further.

A．gave out          B．gave off           C．gave in           D．gave up

Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are which Americans live by. They have never given the matter any thought.

Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States. This has caused me to try to look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors, I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most （but not all ）Americans, and that understanding these values can help you, the international visitor, understand Americans.

It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans, they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions —actions which might otherwise appear “strange,”“ confusing,” or “unbelievable” when evaluated from the perspective （aspect） of the foreigner's own society and its values.

The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter （meet） an action, or hear a statement in the United States which surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed in this booklet.

1. An ordinary American can't tell you his / her value system because______.

A．this is something an American lives by

B．everyone will have his/her own system

C．he/she has never thought about it

D．values are something often in their thought

2. The author lists 13 values in his booklet to_____.

A．invite foreigners to visit America

B．look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors

C．describe the confusing actions of most Americans

D．help international visitors understand Americans

3.The underlined word “ingrained” in Line 2, Paragraph 3 most probably means ______.

A．rooted in the minds                      B．found in the grains

C．planted for food                        D．prepared with grain

4. Visitors sometimes find Americans behave in a strange, confusing or unbelievable way, probably because___.

A．Americans are hard to understand

B．Americans have values which are entirely different from their own

C．they view Americans according to the values in their own society

D．it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them