Now that America has declared a state of swine flu (猪流感) public health emergency, you may be asking yourself ― what am I supposed to do? Here is a list of practical steps you can take to prepare and protect yourself and your family.

1) Know the symptoms ― Here are some of the symptoms that sound like swine flu ― fevers over 100 degrees (37.8℃), body aches, cough, runny nose, and sometimes, nausea (恶心) and diarrhea (腹泻). It’s also useful to know if you might have had an exposure (暴露) either by recent travel to Mexico, or to the areas of known cases so far in America ― specific areas of California, Texas, New York, Ohio and Kansas. Or you may have been exposed to a sick person who came from those areas.

2) Don’t panic ― If you have symptoms that sound like swine flu, do not rush to hospitals. Not only is this difficult for the healthcare system, it can also be potentially dangerous for everyone. Call your doctor or local public health clinic before going in.

3) Contain the illness ― Hand-washing works. Wash, wash and wash. Invest in some hand sanitizer (消毒洗手液) for the whole family. Avoid hugs and kisses of well-wishers, and do not share telephone handsets or computers. Be especially careful to always cough into the elbow of your arm (yes! the elbow, not your hand!). Cover your cough and sneeze to protect others.

4) What about a mask? ― The data shows that masks do work ― as long as there is a tight seal (密封) about the mouth and nose.

5) Eat the pork (if you want) ― Swine flu gets its name because pigs can get the infection and spread it to each other ― as well as to humans. This latest virus contains pieces that indicate it evolved (演变) from swine flu virus, and can now spread from person to person. Swine flu is not spread by properly prepared and cooked pork products. So if you want to eat pork, you can.

6) Getting sick? Stay home! ― In our go-go-go culture and these severe economic times, it can be very hard to call a boss and cancel a day’s work. Now, however, if you or your loved ones are feeling like there’s a flu coming on, stay home.

7) Stockpile? ― Right now, it’s too early for any of us to become a Swine Flu Shut-In, but the public health department recommends that each home have two weeks of supplies, in case we must stay home ― either for illness or to help contain transmission. That means two weeks of food for everyone in your home, two weeks of all medications, and, if you’re like most people, two weeks of books and DVDs.

52. The purpose of the writer is mainly to __________.

   A. analyze the possible causes of swine flu

   B. tell people how to protect themselves from swine flu

   C. give people some information about the present situation of swine flu

   D. suggest some treatments for swine flu

53. According to the passage, which of the following is one of the reasons why the disease is called “Swine flu”?

   A. Some patients have eaten some not-so-well-cooked pork.

   B. Some patients have contact with pigs in their life.

   C. The virus is probably developed from swine flu virus.

   D. The disease is mostly passed from pigs to humans.

54. Suppose Mr Fernando has just been back from Mexico and he’s got a high fever and runny nose, what shall he do?

   A. Go to hospital as soon as possible.

   B. Ask a day off and stay at home.

   C. Call his doctor to ask for directions.

   D. Take some medicine and have a good rest.

55. Which of the following is NOT a suggestion given by the writer?

   A. Cough and sneeze into your hands.

   B. Wash your hands and wear a mask.

   C. Go on eating pork if you like.

   D. Store some food and medicine at home.                  

About H1N1

2009 H1N1 viruses are not spread by food. You cannot get infected with H1N1 virus from eating pork or pork products. Eating properly handled and cooked pork products is safe.

Spread of H1N1 virus is thought to occur in the same way that seasonal flu does, Viruses are transmitted mainly through droplets（小滴）from coughing or sneezing of an infected person. Keeping a safe distance is recommended. Studies have also shown that flu virus can survive on object surfaces for 2 to 8 hours. Sometimes viruses can be spread when a person touches something like the surface of a desk that is polluted with droplets, and then touches his or her eyes, nose, or mouth before washing their hands.

The symptoms of H1N1 flu virus in people include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose and body aches. Severe illnesses and death have occurred as a result of illness associated with this virus.

Protect-Yourself Tips

1．CDC recommends a yearly seasonal flu vaccine as the first and most important step in protecting against seasonal influenza.

2．If you get seasonal or novel H1N1 flu, anti-viral drugs can treat the flu.

3．For treatment, anti-viral drugs work best if started within the first 2 days of symptoms.

4．Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.

5．Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze.

6．Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread this way.

7．Try to avoid close contact with sick people.

8．If you are sick with flu-like illness, CDC recommends that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities.

9．Follow public health advice, and avoid crowds.

10．Be prepared in case you get sick and need to stay home for a week or so; a supply of OTC medicines, tissues and other related items might could be useful and help avoid the need to make trips out in public.

To stay well during flu season, click 2009 H1N1 Flu （Swine Flu） and You for other helpful advice and information.

1.In order to keep fit during flu season, we should keep in mind that     

    A．pork is not a medium of spreading and we can eat it however it is prepared

    B．touching objects polluted by virus is the major cause of getting infected

    C．droplets of an infected person definitely get people infected

    D．the period of the virus staying alive on the surfaces can be up to eight hours

2.What should you do if you get H1N1 flu according to the passage?

    A．Take a H1N1 flu vaccine immediately. 

    B．Use antiviral drugs quickly.

    C．Stay home for at least 24 hours.        

    D．Prepare some OTC medicines.

3.Where will you probably read this passage?

    A．In a daily-life newspaper.       B．In a popular magazine.

    C．On a disease-prevention website.     D．In a medical handbook.

4.The abbreviation CDC most possibly stands for           .

   A．Centers for Disease Control     B．Citizens' Defense Corps

   C．Control Data Corp                D．Civil Defense Council

About H1N1

2009 H1N1 viruses are not spread by food. You cannot get infected with H1N1 virus from eating pork or pork products. Eating properly handled and cooked pork products is safe.

Spread of H1N1 virus is thought to occur in the same way that seasonal flu does, Viruses are transmitted mainly through droplets（小滴）from coughing or sneezing of an infected person. Keeping a safe distance is recommended. Studies have also shown that flu virus can survive on object surfaces for 2 to 8 hours. Sometimes viruses can be spread when a person touches something like the surface of a desk that is polluted with droplets, and then touches his or her eyes, nose, or mouth before washing their hands.

The symptoms of H1N1 flu virus in people include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose and body aches. Severe illnesses and death have occurred as a result of illness associated with this virus.

Protect-Yourself Tips

1．CDC recommends a yearly seasonal flu vaccine as the first and most important step in protecting against seasonal influenza.

2．If you get seasonal or novel H1N1 flu, anti-viral drugs can treat the flu.

3．For treatment, anti-viral drugs work best if started within the first 2 days of symptoms.

4．Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.

5．Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze.

6．Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth. Germs spread this way.

7．Try to avoid close contact with sick people.

8．If you are sick with flu-like illness, CDC recommends that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities.

9．Follow public health advice, and avoid crowds.

10．Be prepared in case you get sick and need to stay home for a week or so; a supply of OTC medicines, tissues and other related items might could be useful and help avoid the need to make trips out in public.

To stay well during flu season, click 2009 H1N1 Flu （Swine Flu） and You for other helpful advice and information.

44．In order to keep fit during flu season, we should keep in mind that________     

       A．pork is not a medium of spreading and we can eat it however it is prepared

       B．touching objects polluted by virus is the major cause of getting infected

       C．droplets of an infected person definitely get people infected

       D．the period of the virus staying alive on the surfaces can be up to eight hours

45．What should you do if you get H1N1 flu according to the passage?

       A．Take a H1N1 flu vaccine immediately. 

       B．Use antiviral drugs quickly.

       C．Stay home for at least 24 hours.       

       D．Prepare some OTC medicines.

46．Where will you probably read this passage?

       A．In a daily-life newspaper.          B．In a popular magazine.

       C．On a disease-prevention website.         D．In a medical handbook.

47．The abbreviation CDC most possibly stands for ________

     A．Centers for Disease Control       B．Citizens' Defense Corps

     C．Control Data Corp             D．Civil Defense Council

A vast dust storm that blew in from the deserts of Australia’s red centre has blanketed the country’s largest city and eastern coast in a red fog，causing widespread traffic chaos and severe flight delays.

      Residents from Sydney in New South Wales to Canberra inland and towns in southern Queensland awoke to a red sky and greatly reduced visibility after the country’s worst dust storm in 70 years blew in overnight. The Sydney Harbor Bridge and Opera House were covered in the red fog and hundreds of people were reported to have breathing problems. Children，the elderly and those suffering from asthma (哮喘) or heart or lung diseases were advised to stay indoors ,as even healthy adults reported "itchy throats" and a metallic aftertaste in their mouths after walking through the thick fog.

 Commuters used face masks，originally intended to protect them from the spread of swine flu, to hurry across the blocked streets on their way to work. Some schools were closed and sports activities were called off as the conditions pushed air pollution levels to 1500 times their normal levels – the highest on record.

 Passengers at the busy Sydney Airport faced delays of up to six hours for international flights and three hours for domestic trips，and even some international flights were cancelled as visibility was reduced to just a few feet.

 Locals，phoning radio stations to express their shock at the red dawn.” It’s like a nuclear winter morning，" tourist Peter Wilson told Daily Telegraph, "It is so terrible." adding that when he awoke the sky was "bright red" and "all the cars were covered in dirt".

The dust hanging over Sydney had largely cleared by midafternoon, although national carrier Qantas said severe delays would last all day because of direction-changed and late-running flights.

The sand storm，which measured more than 310 miles wide and 620 miles long， was caused by dust clouds blowing east from Australia’s dry places，which has been attacked by the worst drought on record. It covered dozens of towns and cities in two states as strong winds swept away tons of topsoil threw it high into the sky and carried it hundreds of miles.

1.What was the face mask originally intended for? (No more than 10 words) (2 marks)[

2.When did most residents of Sydney discover the vast storm ? (No more than 3 words) (3 marks)

3.What do you think the underlined word Qantas is? (No more than 3 words)(2 marks)

4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph ? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)