There seems never to have been a civilization(文明) without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys play with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are strictly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. It is the universality of toys about their development in all parts of the world and their continuing to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to (服从于) technological progress that characterizes inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of advancement. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of materials then ready for use. (words: 285 ; time : 5ms)

1. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that ________ .

A. their social roles are strictly determined

B. most boys would like to follow their fathers' jobs

C. boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers

D. they like challenging activities.

2. "The universality of toys" lies in the fact that ________ .

A. technological advances have greatly improved the making of toys

B. the improvement of techniques in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

C. the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys

D. the basic characteristics of toys are the same all over the world

3. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys ________.

A. follow a direct line of development

B. also greatly interest adults

C. are not characterized by progress in technology

D. show the pace of social progress

（C）篇

1. A。由原文第二段第二句可知。

2. D。根据文章第三段第一句和第三句可知,玩具的基本的特征变化不大。

3. C。由文章最后一段第一句可知,玩具作为一种艺术形式,不因科技变化而变化。

第二卷
第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35 分）
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及每一个词的增加删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处增加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词后面写出修改后的词
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I want to work as a tour guide after my graduation from college. The first reason is that I can devote myself for work after years of hard learning. Be interested in my career, I will fix my mind on my job to show my talent and make a contribution to the  society, but I can realize the meaning of life. Secondly, I can make my dream of traveling around the world came true. While experiencing difference cultures, I will give my helping hands to who are in need of help along my way.  Last, it was high time that I should shoulder the duties. I should do something for my parents and other family member because they had been  giving so much love to them while I was growing up.

第二卷

第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35 分）

短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及每一个词的增加删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处增加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词后面写出修改后的词

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I want to work as a tour guide after my graduation from college. The first reason is that I can devote myself for work after years of hard learning. Be interested in my career, I will fix my mind on my job to show my talent and make a contribution to the  society, but I can realize the meaning of life. Secondly, I can make my dream of traveling around the world came true. While experiencing difference cultures, I will give my helping hands to who are in need of help along my way.  Last, it was high time that I should shoulder the duties. I should do something for my parents and other family member because they had been  giving so much love to them while I was growing up.

第二卷

第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35 分）

 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10 分）

     假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及每一个词的增加删除或修改。

     增加：在缺词处增加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

     删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词后面写出修改后的词

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I want to work as a tour guide after my graduation from college. The first reason is that I can devote myself for work after years of hard learning. Be interested in my career, I will fix my mind on my job to show my talent and make a contribution to the  society, but I can realize the meaning of life. Secondly, I can make my dream of traveling around the world came true. While experiencing difference cultures, I will give my helping hands to who are in need of help along my way.  Last, it was high time that I should shoulder the duties. I should do something for my parents and other family member because they had been  giving so much love to them while I was growing up.

People use their mouths for many things. They eat, talk, shout and sing. They smile and they kiss. In the English language, there are many expressions using the word“mouth.”

For example, if you say bad things about a person, the person might protest（抗议）and say “Do not bad mouth me.” Sometimes, people say something to a friend or family member that they later regret because it hurts that person. Or they tell the person something they were not supposed to tell. The speaker might say: “I really put my foot in my mouth this time.”  If this should happen, the speaker might feel down in the mouth.  In other words, he might feel sad for saying the wrong thing.

Another situation is when someone falsely claims another person said something.  The other person might protest: “I did not say that.  Do not put words in my mouth.”

Some people have lots of money because they were born into a very rich family.  There is an expression for this, too. You might say such a person, “was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.” This rich person is the opposite of a person who lives from hand to mouth.  This person is very poor and only has enough money for the most important things in life, like food.

Parents might sometimes keep a child off sweet food as a form of punishment for saying bad things. For example, if a child says things she should not say to her parents, she might be described as a mouthy child. The parents might even tell the child to stop mouthing off.. 

But enough of all this talk. I have been running my mouth long enough.

61. When will a person probably say“do not bad mouth me”？

A. When he feels down.               B. When he is regretful.

C. When he is spoken ill of.          D. When he gets angry.

【答案】C

【解析】根据第二段第一句if you say bad things about a person, the person might protest（抗议）and say “Do not bad mouth me.”“如果你说一个人的坏话，这个人可能会抗议说不要说我坏话。”

62.What will the person say if he feels sorry for what he has said?

A. Do not bad mouth me.

B. Stop mouthing off.

C. Do not put words in my mouth.

D. I really put my foot in my mouth this time.

【答案】D

【解析】根据第二段Sometimes, people say something to a friend or family member that they later regret because it hurts that person. Or they tell the person something they were not supposed to tell. The speaker might say: “I really put my foot in my mouth this time.”有时人们对家人和朋友说了一些他们后来会后悔的话因为这些话上海了那个人。。。。说话的人就会说“这次我真的说错话了。”

63.If a person lives from hand to mouth, it implies that__________.

A. he is badly-off                 B. he is hard-working

C. he has lots of money        D. he has enough to eat

【答案】A

【解析】根据第四段This rich person is the opposite of a person who lives from hand to mouth.与富人相对的是穷人。

64.By saying“I have been running my mouth long enough”,the speaker means“________”.

A. I have run a long way              B. I have talked too much

C. I have learned a lot           D. I have been a mouthy person

【答案】B

【解析】

65.What is mainly talked about in the text?

A. Expressions about the word“mouth”.         B. Functions of the organ“mouth”.

C. Opinions about“mouthy people”.                D. Meanings of the word“mouth”.

【答案】A

【解析】第一段最后一句是主题句. In the English language, there are many expressions using the word“mouth.”