阅读理解

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　　The long, lonely voyage of the Japanese ghost ship is over．

　　A US Coast Guard cutter poured cannon fire into an abandoned Japanese ghost ship that had been drifting since last year's tsunami(海啸), sinking the vessel into waters more than 305 meters deep in the Gulf of Alaska and removing the danger it posed to shipping and the coastline on Thursday．

　　The cutter's guns tore holes in the 164-foot Ryou-Un Maru, and then it began to take on water and lean to one side．In about four hours, the ship disappeared into the sea, said Chief Petty Officer Kip Wadlow．

　　The ship had no lights or communications system, and its tank was able to carry more than 7,570 liters of diesel fuel．Officials, however, didn't know exactly how much fuel was aboard．

　　“It's less risky than it would be running into shore or running into other ships,” coast guard spokesman Paul Webb said．

　　The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency studied the problem and decided it is safer to sink the ship than let the fuel evaporate and pollute the sea environment．

　　Ryou-Un Maru was probably among the first wave of the 1.5 million tons of garbage of　refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, roofs and fishing nets heading toward North America since last March when a magnitude-9.0 earthquake struck Japan．

　　As the coast guard was ready to fire on the vessel, a Canadian fishing vessel, the 19-meter Bernice C, claimed the rights to save the ghost ship in international waters．

　　Plans to sink it were paused so the Canadian crew could have a chance to take the stricken ship．A Canadian official with knowledge of the situation told the Associated Press that the Bernice C was unable to drag it．

　　Then the Canadian boat left, and once it was about 10 kilometers from the Japanese vessel, the Coast Guard began to fire, first with 25 mm shells, then a few hours later with ammunition twice that size．

　　State officials have been working to test the danger of garbage including materials affected by a damaged nuclear power plant, to see if Alaska residents, seafood or wild animals could be affected．

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阅读理解

　　The UN Environment Programme says that rising temperatures could mean the end for some migrating animals．

　　Migrating or mobile animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold of winter to warmer areas．Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way．Whales and turtles(海龟)cover vast areas of ocean．The report says that changes in any one of the places which these animals use can cause serious harm．“Obviously these animals have developed their travelling patterns over thousands of years．But climate change is almost certain to be extreme over the next 25 to 50 years and it is extremely unlikely that these animals can change their habits fast enough,”said the report author Dr．Robert Hepworth．

　　Hardest hit by rising temperatures are turtles．Scientists have found that at higher temperatures, turtles produce far more female eggs than male ones．In parts of Malaysia, turtle birthing sites are producing only females, the report says．It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer．

　　With birds, the main problem is climate-related damage to important areas at either end of the travels or at resting places along the way．About one-fifth of migrating birds are now in danger because of climate-related changes including rising sea levels, land loss and more violent storms, the report concludes．

　　Other animals picked out as particularly in danger include：

　　●the North Atlantic Right Whale, whose main food(tiny shrimp)is disturbed by the change in ocean flows．

　　●the White-Nose Dolphin, which is out-competed by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters．

　　The report is not all bad news．Even with major climatic changes, protecting the environment can still help mobile animals to recover．“We need governments to start taking action at the national and international level．The clock is running,”said Dr．Hepworth．And some animals are already adapting, with the report mentioning whales that are changing their feeding behaviour, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat．

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