Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of the many colleges and universities in the United States, Yale, Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard．They were all started before the American Revolution made the thirteen colonies（殖民地） into states．

    In the early years, these schools were much the same．Only young men attended colleges．All the students studied the same subjects, and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew．Little was known about the science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world．When the students graduated（left school）, most of them became ministers or teachers．

    In 1682, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors．Later lawyers could receive their training in Harvard’s law school．In 1825, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German, as well as Latin and Greek．Soon it began teaching American history．

    Special colleges for women were started．New state universities, began to teach such subjects as farming, engineering and business．Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities．Most of them are divided into smaller schools that deal with special fields of learning．There is so much to learn that one kind of school cannot offer it all．

1．The story doesn’t say so, but it makes you think that       ．

     A．universities have changed over the years．

     B．today all the students study to become teachers or ministers．

     C．all colleges were much the same in the early years．

     D．students then were allowed to study both language and science

2．As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach         ．

     A．everything that was known            B．many new subjects

     C．Latin, Greek and Hebrew             D．foreign languages

3．On the whole, this story is about        ．

      A．how colleges have changed          B．how to start a university

C．the American Revolution             D．the world-famous colleges in America

4．Which of the following does the story lead you in believing?

      A．There is more to learn today than in 1636．

      B．The early schools are still much the same．

      C．every student studied Latin, Greek and Hebrew．

      D．They began teaching foreign languages in 1825．

阅读理解

　　Bright comets(彗星) are a rare(罕见的)and beautiful sight. Though we think of them as members of the sun’s family, many comets go far beyond the orbits of the planets. As a rule they return once in a while to travel around the sun

　　A comet seems to be composed of gas, dust and ice. There is a great deal of solid, frozen material. As the mass gets near the sun, the outer frozen parts begin to melt(融化), and more gases form. The pressure of the sun’s radiation(放射) drives the dust and gases outwards in a long, streaming“tail”, perhaps several tails. For this reason the tail always points away from the sun. And when the comet moves farther from the radiation, the tail gets smaller and at last disappears.

　　We owe (把……归于)our knowledge chiefly to Sir Edmond Harley(1656－1742). He saw a very beautiful one in 1682, and it led him to study comets and their orbits.

　　Then he said,“The comet of 1682 was the same one that appeared in 1531 and again in 1607. It will return in 1758 or 1759.”

　　Harley died in 1742, but people waited and watched…And sure enough, Harley’s Comet arrived, big and bright, early in 1759. The comet was named:“Comet Harley”and it comes about every 75 years.

　　Last time it returned in 1986 and was watched by hundreds of millions of people. If you were one of them, I hope you will be lucky enough to watch it again next time it appears.

1．In what way are comets different from planets?

[　　]

A．They don’t travel round the sun.

B．They are not members of the sun’s family.

C．They are nearer to the sun than planets.

D．They go far beyond the sun than planets.

2．What is the long tail of the comet composed of (由……组成)?

[　　]

A．Gas, dust and ice.

B．Radiation of the sun.

C．Solid, frozen material.

D．Dust and gases.

3．

The reason why the tail of a comet always points away from the sun is that ________.

[　　]

A．it is getting nearer to the sun

B．the dust and gases are driven outward by the pressure

C．its outer frozen parts begin to melt

D．it is moving round the sun

4．Which of the following is right?

[　　]

A．Sure enough, Harley saw the comet arrive early in 1759.

B．Harley’s Comet returned in 1758 as Harley had expected.

C．Seventeen years after Harley’ death the comet returned.

D．We’ll see Comet Harley again in 75 years.

5．When will Comet Harley return next time?

[　　]

第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

    阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

     I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be   21   Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, "What would I say when the other kids asked what I'd   22   ?" Just when I started to   23  that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women  24   at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of  25   that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn't   26  . Somebody had thought   27   of me to bring me a gift.

     Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my   28   Christmas there special and memorable, I   29   remembered the women's visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of   30   for as many children as I could possibly reach.

     So I   31   a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies,   32   with a child's name. We wanted all of them to know they were.  33  . Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I   34   them that they couldn't open their presents   35   every child had come forward. Finally the   36   they had been waiting for came as I called out, "One, two, three. Open your presents!" As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles   37   up the room. The   38   in the room was obvious, and   39   wasn't just about toys. It was a feeling — the feeling I knew   40   that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn't forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter.

21. A. sending          B. receiving          C. making            D. exchanging

22. A. found           B. prepared           C. got               D. expected

23. A. doubt           B. hope              C. suggest            D. accept

24. A. broke in         B. settled down        C. turned up          D. showed off

25. A. relief           B. loss               C. achievement        D. justice

26. A. blamed         B. loved              C. forgotten           D. affected

27. A. highly          B. little               C. poorly             D. enough

28. A. present         B. first                C.. recent            D. previous

29. A. hardly          B. instantly            C. regularly          D. occasionally

30. A. strength        B. independence         C. importance        D. safety

31. A. kept up with     B. caught up with       C. came up with       D. put up with

32. A. none           B. few                C. some              D. each

33. A. fine            B. special              C. helpful            D. normal

34. A. reminded       B. guaranteed           C. convinced          D. promised

35. A. after           B. until                C. when              D. since

36. A. chance         B. gift                 C. moment            D. reward

37. A. lit             B. took                C. burned             D. cheered

38. A. atmosphere      B. sympathy           C. calmness           D. joy

39. A. it              B. such               C. something          D. everybody

40. A. by             B. till                 C. for                D. from

I think they failed to accomplish the task, ______?

    A．do I        B．don't I    C．did they      D．didn't they