Francis Bacon, one of the most important philosophers(哲人) of England, was born in London and educated at Cambridge University. When he was only 15, he went to France to work for the English ambassador (大使) . Two years later he went back to England to study law. At the age of twenty-three he was chosen to parliament (议会). His ideas about how scientists should study things in nature help to bring the modern way of thinking, called the scientific method.

　　One of the Bacon’s best-known books was his Essays. Each essay was a short piece of writing in which he tried to give a lesson by discussing sides of a subject such as studying, conversation, friends and healthy living. In many of his books, Bacon explained how scientists should study things as they really existed in nature and then tried to figure out what caused a particular thing to be as it was. Later, by doing experiments, the scientist could see that any one cause would always have the same result. This method, which is called inductive reasoning, is used by all the scientists today, but it was new in Bacon’s time.

5. According to the passage we know that ____.

　 A. Francis Bacon was the most important philosopher of England

　 B. Francis Bacon had good education

　C. Francis Bacon worked for a French ambassador at the age of 15

　　D. Francis Bacon stayed in France until he was 23

6. The underlined phrase “inductive reasoning” in the last paragraph means____.

　　A. to discover general laws from particular facts or examples

　　B. to reach a conclusion by reasoning from general laws to a particular case

　　C. to study things as they used to be

　　D. to study things in a particular way

7. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. Bacon was a learned man.

　　B. Bacon did a lot of philosophy.

　　C. The inductive reasoning was widely used both today and in Bacon’s time.

　　D. Bacon gave scientists much useful advice.

Is it time to kick Russia out of the BRICs （金砖四国）? If so, it may end up sounding like a famous ball-point pen maker-BIC. An argument is being made that Goldman Sach’s famous marketing device（策略）,the BRICs, should really be the BICs.

“Is Russia really worth the name BRICs?” asks Anders Aslund, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, in an article for Foreigh Policy. Aslund, who is also co-author with Andrew Kuchins of “The Russian Balance Sheet”, thinks the Russia of Putin and Medvedev is just not worthy of inclusion alongside Brazil, India and China in the list of future economic powerhouses. He writes:

“The country’s economic performance has fallen to such a weak level that one must ask whether it has any say at all on the global economy, compared with the other members of its group. I have just returned from Moscow, which is always dull around this season. For the last seven years, Russia has taken very few measures to improve its economy. Instead, the state has been living on oil and gas. ”

Economically, Aslund has the numbers on his side. The International Monetary Fund figures that the Russian economy will fall by 6.7 percent in 2009, while China will grow 8.5 percent and India 5.4 percent. There is less of a case for Brazil, with a fall of 0.7 percent, but it is still doing

far better than Russia.

But the BRICs are not just about economy. As is mentioned above, it is a marketing device to encourage investors to focus on the big promising players. From an investment standpoint, it could be argued that Russia is leading the BRICs. Its stock（股票）market is up 128 percent this year while around 80 percent is for the other three.

At very least, however, Russia’s economic underperformance and stock market outperfoumance does suggest it is indeed one of the group.

According to the passage, which country will enjoy the biggest increase in 2009?

       A．China.      B．Russia.     C．Brazil.      D．India.

According to Aslund, Russia shouldn’t be a BRIC partly because_______.

       A．Russia’s economic performance is far worse than the other three

       B．Russia’s leaders are not good at managing economy

       C．Russia has taken effective measures to improve its economy

       D．Russia will no longer attract investors from other countries

From the passage we know that ________.

      A．Anders Aslund is working for the Russian government

       B．Russia outperfoumed the other three countries in stock market

       C．most people disagree Russia is included in BRICs

       D．the BRICs would end up being the BICs sooner or later

The author seems to ________.

       A．suggest it’s time to kick Russia out of the BRICs?

       B．feel worried about the economy of the BRICs

       C．think Russia is worth being one of the group

       D．show disappointment to Russia’s economy

Here's a new warning from health experts: Sitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for prolonged periods — even if you also exercise regularly — could be   1  for your health. And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place — at the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV — just the overall number of hours it   2   .

Research is preliminary, but several studies   3  people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.

In an editorial   4  this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, Elin Ekblom-Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define   5  activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.

While health officials have issued guidelines   6  minimum amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated   7  .

"After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send   8  signals," Ekblom-Bak said. She explained that genes regulating the amount of glucoseand fat in the   9  start to shut down.

Even for people who   10   , spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day —   11  still spend a lot of time sitting — might get more benefit if that exercise were spread across the day,    12  in a single bout.

That wasn't   13  news for Aytekin Can, 31, who works at a London financial company, and spends most of his days sitting    14   a computer. Several evenings a week, Can also teaches jiu jitsu, a Japanese martial art  15  wrestling, and also does Thai boxing.

"I'm sure there are some detrimental   16  of staying still for too long, but I hope that being   17  when I can helps," he said. "I wouldn't want to think the sitting could be   18  dangerous."

Still, in a study published last year that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat   19  had a higher death risk, independently of whether or not they exercised.

Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting, from working at their desks to sitting in cars.

Experts said more research is needed to    20  just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.

(   ) 1. A. bad                    B. good               C. mean               D. dead

(   ) 2. A. does                  B. occurs              C. matches            D. dies

(   ) 3. A. advise               B. talk                  C. suggest             D. say

(   ) 4. A. thrown                      B. caught              C. seen                 D. published

(   ) 5. A. biological           B. physical            C. psychological    D. logical

(   ) 6. A. commending      B. mending           C. recommending D. communicating

(   ) 7. A. stand                 B. state                 C. post                 D. position

(   ) 8. A. harmful             B. careful             C. wonderful        D. skillful

(   ) 9. A. head                  B. arm                  C. body               D. foot

(   ) 10. A. sleep               B. rest                  C. walk               D. exercise

(   ) 11. A. and                  B. so                    C. but                   D. then

(   ) 12. A. rather than               B. other than        C. more than        D. less than

(   ) 13. A. bad                  B. harmful            C. disadvantage     D. welcome

(   ) 14. A. behind             B. back                 C. in front of               D. forward

(   ) 15. A. referring          B. involving          C. taking              D. bringing

(   ) 16. A. effects              B. prefects            C. affects              D. offers

(   ) 17. A. inactive            B. active                   C. interactive               D. positive

(   ) 18. A. such                 B. little                 C. lot                   D. that

(   ) 19. A. less                  B. fewer                      C. more               D. further

(   ) 20. A. leave out          B. bring out          C. hold out           D. figure out

It was snowing heavy on Monday morning. Li Hua was at       1.        

the bus stop, waited for Bus No.601 to go to school. After a      2.      

while a bus came and she got on it. There had many passengers    3.      

in the bus. Some were talking and some were looking out the    4.     

windows. Suddenly the bus stopped. A driver turned around     5.     

and said“Sorry. The bus has been broken down. Please get off   6.     

and help push the bus.”When he heard this, Li Hua and the other   7.    

passengers got off the bus. They worked hardly together, pushing  8.     

the bus slowly forward. Soon the bus was running again. All     9.     

the passengers were smiling but the sun was shining.          10.                           

The earthquake affected the students of the destroyed areas in many ways: losing parents, being scared（害怕） and feeling lonely. How can we help them? Teens reporter talked with Lin Dan. the program director of the Sunshine in Your Heart Project at the Red Cross Society of China.

How will the earthquake affect the teenagers mentally?

They’ll have feelings of fear, anger and feel they are not safe. They will find it hard to focus. They will tend to cry and shout and tremble. And they might be afraid to be alone.

What will happen if they are not helped?

The teenagers will find it hard to live in a balanced way. If things get worse they might not be able to focus on their studies. They might give up on life.

How can we help them overcome these problems?

The first thing is to build up trust with them. Show your sympathy and sadness, and be their friend. Then you have to give them a sense of safety. Tell them that there’s a solution to every problem. Thirdly, try to satisfy their psychological needs. Be a good listener if he or she needs to talk.

Some of us were not directly affected by the quake but have seen images on TV and feel scared. What should we do?

Talk with an adult and/or share your feelings with someone who might feel similar. If this doesn’t help then you should see a doctor for professional help.

What’s the best title of the passage?

A. The scare caused by the earthquake

B. Dealing with the pain left behind after the earthquake

C. How to get a sense of safety

D. The psychological needs

The earthquake will affect the teenagers mentally. Which of the following statements is not included?

   A. They’ll tend to cry and shout and tremble.

   B. They may be afraid to be alone.

   C. They’ll feel unsafe.

   D. They’ll feel sympathetic.

The underlined word “psychological” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to “      ”.

   A. mental      B. physical     C. material       D. professional

From the passage, we can infer that         .

   A. the scare caused by the earthquake can be relieved（解除） quickly

   B. seeing a doctor is the most important measure to deal with the problem

   C. the images on TV can also affect people and even cause problems

   D. to help them overcome these problems, we should always talk with them

To help them overcome the problems, we should not      .

   A. build up trust with them           B. give them a sense of safety

   C. solve every problem they have      D. be a good listener if they need to talk