We are often asked to make a speech in life. Most of us are afraid of it and don’t do a good job. Here are some simple steps to make your speech a successful one. First of all, find out everything you can about your subject and at the same time find out as much as you can about your audience. Who are they? What do they know about your subject? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech. Then try to arrange your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible. Never forget your audience. Don’t talk over their heads or talk down to them. When you are giving your speech, speak slowly and clearly, look at your audience and pause for a few seconds from time to time to give your audience chances to think over what you’ve said. Just remember: be prepared, know your subject and your audience say what you have to say and be yourself so that your ideas will bring you and your audience together.

1. “Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech.” means that while preparing your speech, you must ________________.

   A. put your shoes away and put on theirs     B. try on their shoes to see if they fit you

   C. wear the shoes in the same size as theirs   D. He wondered if he was in good health.

2. When he is giving his speech, the speaker should ________________.

   A. let his eyes rest on the subject                  B. follow the audience step by step

   C. face the audience in a natural way             . look up and sown from time to time

3. During the course of a speech, it is not right for a speaker to ____________.

   A. think nothing of the audience                 B. speak in a clear voice

   C. take a short stop at times                   D. give a lot of examples

4. What does the underlined word “pause” mean in the passage?

   A. listen                  B. stop                 C. choose                 D. search

5. Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?

   A. How to Remember the Audience         B. How to Pick out the Topic for a Speech

   C. How to Prepare the Material for a Speech        D. How to I prove Your Speech

情景对话

(Mike comes to see Dr. White. W: Dr. White; M: Mike)

W: 1

M: Well, doctor. It's my eyes. I can't see clearly.

W: 2

M: Since last week, I think.

W: Let me have a look. Oh, Mike, I guess you are working too hard these days and taking less care of your eyes.

M: 3 What should I do then?

W: Well, when you feel tired, just stop working and come out to enjoy a short rest.

Remember, never go to bed too late and don't read in bed.

M: 4

W: Sure, Mike.

M: 5 Thank you very much.

　　a. Is that all?

　　b. That's true.

　　c. You are wrong.

　　d. What's the trouble, Mike?

　　e. How long have you had the problem?

　　f. Good idea!

　　g. All right, doctor. I'll try it.

Reading is a good habit. There are hundreds of skills to help you read much in a short time. Here are two skills that I think are especially good.
Preview(预览)---if it’s long and hard. Previewing is especially useful for getting a main idea of heavy reading like long articles and reports.
Here’s how to preview.
●Read the first two paragraphs(段落) and the last two paragraphs carefully.
●Then read only the first sentence(句子) of the other paragraphs.
Previewing doesn’t give you everything. It stops you from spending time on things you don’t really want or need to read.
Skim(略读)----if it’s short and simple. Skimming is a good way to get a main idea of light reading ---like news about popular sports and stars.
Here’s how to skim.
●Get your eyes to move fast. Look through each line.
●Pick up only a few important words in each line.
Everybody skims differently. You and I may not pick up the same words when we skim the same piece, but we’ll get the main idea of the news or article.