Many textbooks are not written in the kind of English that we speak every day. In fact, sometimes the reading is so difficult that it almost seems like a foreign language. In a way, it is—the language of science. You should not expect to be able to read a difficult science passage the same way you read an interesting story; you should not expect to read it easily and all at once. Instead, you may have to read it several times through, catching on the meaning of difficult words, going back over difficult sentences, and finally putting the whole thing together. Do not be discourages if the whole passage don’t make sense to you at first. You need to pick it apart patiently until you can understand it.
These are the steps to follow when you are reading something difficult:
1. Start to read normally until you run into a sentence that doesn’t make sense to you.
2. When a sentence doesn’t make sense, go back and read it again more slowly.
3. Look for any word you don’t know in the sentence. Try to understand their meanings using word parts and context clues(上下文线索). If necessary, look them up in the dictionary.
4. Look at the next few sentences to see if they explain more about the sentence you are working on. Do not read very much farther ahead until you understand what is being said.
5. Finally, read the sentence again. Try to put it into simpler words.
6. Read through the passage once. Try to understand all the hard parts well. Then read the whole passage once more at a usual speed. This helps you to put all ides together.
The stops sound a lot harder than they are. It is really just the normal way good readers understand anything that is difficult to read. After you have done the best you can this way, you should always feel free to ask for help from your teacher, if you have one.
【小题1】The underlined phrase “run into” means ___________.

A．work out

B．come across

C．look into

D．pass by

【小题2】 From the passage, we can know _________.

A．we should look up new words before reading

B．it is sometimes difficult to read a science passage

C．the six steps are helpful in learning spoken English

D．interesting stories help readers to improve their English

【小题3】The massage is mainly about _________.

A．steps of studying science	B．difficulties in reading science
C．ways of reading science passages	D．researches on science and English

阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。（每空一词）

It’s hard to make friends if you stay at home alone all the time. Get out of the house and do things that will put you in touch with other people. It’s easier to make friends when you have the same interests.

Don’t be afraid to show people what you are really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you.

Look at people in the eyes when you talk to them. That way, they will find it easier to talk to you. If don’t, people may think you are not interested in them and may stop being interested in you.

Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves before talking about ‘me, me, me’. Ask lots of questions. Show interest in their answers.

Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like — not just with those who are easy to meet. Be friendly with a lot of people. If so, you will have a bigger group of people to choose(选择) from and have more chances(机会) to make friends.

 1.to make friends

Idea	Suggestions(建议)	Results
Go   2.and keep in touch with other people.	·Don’t be afraid of   3.yourself.	People will be   4.in what you like and do best.
·Look at people in the   5..	It will be easier to   6.with others.
·Be a good   7..	Let people talk about themselves before talking about   8..
·Be   9.to many people.	You will have   10.people to choose from as your friends.

 

There have been many great inventions, things that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today- the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long distances.
For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that had as much effect(影响) as the wheel. Then in the early 1800’s the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People didn’t have to explore(探测) much anymore. They began to work instead to make life better.
In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today.
The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies with sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon came in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wear.
By this time most people had a very good life, Man has a desire to explore again, the world was known to man but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space.
In 1969 man took his biggest step from the earth. Americans first walked on the moon. This is certainly just a beginning thought. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of.
【小题1】This passage talks mainly about________.
A. why cars were very important        
Ｂ. when light was invented
C. which country made the first step into space 
D. how inventions effect people’s life
【小题2】Nylon came out nearly at the same time as _______.

A．radio

B．camera

C．jet planes

D．movies

【小题3】Which of the statements is not true?

A．The wheel was the first great invention that is still very important today. For hundredsof years after that there were many other inventions having as much effect as the wheel.

B．America, Russia, Japan and China began to explore the stars before1969.

C．In the early 1800’s people began to work instead of exploring more unknown land to make life better.

D．New invention will change our life greatly in the future.

【小题4】What does “ a desire” mean in the sentence “Man had a desire to explore more.”?　

A．a good way

B．a new invention

C．a strong wish

D．a wonderful idea

【小题5】Man didn’t have a desire to explore a lot_______.

A．at the beginning of the 1800’s	B．in the 1960’s
C．since the 1900’s	D．from the 1800’s to the 1960’s

I lost my sight when I was four years old by falling off a box and landing on my head. Now I am thirty-two. I can vaguely(模糊地) 　1　 the brightness of sunshine and what color red is. It would be wonderful to see things again, 　2　 a disaster can do strange things to people. It happened to me the other day that I might not have come to love 　3　 as I do if I hadn’t been blind. I believe in life now. I am not sure that I would believe in it so 　4　. I don’t mean that I would prefer to go without my eyes. I 　5　 mean that the loss of 　6　 made me enjoy more of 　7　 I have now.
Life asks us to keep making 　8　 to reality. If a person is able to get ready for anything changeable his world will 　9　 more meaningful. I became blind, but I was 　10　. My parents and my teachers saw 　11　 in me－a potential(潜力) to live, you might call it－which I didn’t see, and they make me fight it out with blindness.
The hardest 　12　 I had to learn was to believe in myself. That was what I had to do at least. If I hadn’t been able to do that, I would become a chair rocker for the 　13　 of my life. When I say I believe in myself I am not talking about simply the kind of self-confidence that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase 　14　. That is part of it. But I mean something bigger than that: A belief that I could deal with anything alone; that somewhere in the 　15　 there is a special place where I can make myself fit.
1. A. imagine       B. find             C. remember     D. guess
2. A. but           B. though               C. so           D. because
3. A. myself        B. life             C. eyes         D. blindness
4. A. that         B. therefore            C. happily      D. deeply
5. A. seldom        B. just             C. hardly           D. always
6. A. them      B. it                   C. blindness        D. light
7. A. that         B. what             C. which            D. where
8. A. moments      B. encouragements       C. improvements D. changes
9. A. become        B. change               C. look         D. end
10. A. brave        B. lucky                C. sad          D. wise
11. A. something    B. everything           C. nothing      D. anything
12. A. problem      B. experience           C. difficulty       D. lesson
13. A. rest     B. whole                C. need         D. last
14. A. lonely       B. alone                C. self         D. person
15. A. company  B. group                C. society  (社会)   D. family

Do you know why different animals or pests (昆虫) have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.

　　Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops(庄稼). When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.

If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters (猎人). This is because they have the colors much like the trees.

Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体)when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over (散开), its enemies (敌人)cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.

1.From the passage we learn that locusts________.

A．are small animals	B．are easily found by birds
C．are dangerous to their enemies	D．change their colors to protect themselves

2.How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?

A．They run away quickly.	B．They have the colors much like their enemies.
C．They hide themselves by day and appear at night.	D．They have to move quietly.

3.Bears and lions can keep safe because _________.

A．they have the colors much like the trees	B．they move quietly
C．they like brown and gray colors	D．they live in forests

4.Why can the kind of fish live up to now?

A．Because it is very and strong.

B．Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies.

C．Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies.

D．Because it swims faster than any other fish.

5.Which is the best title for this passage?

A．The Change of Colors for Animals and Pests	B．Colors of Different Animals and Pests
C．The Main Use of Colors for Animals and Pests	D．Some Animals and Pests