Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.
For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would take someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鹅圈养地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.
Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺负) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!
Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange. Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What’s the cause end effect, could you tell?
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
【小题1】According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?

There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.

·Plant flowers, grass or trees.

·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.

·Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity.

·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.

·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.

·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.

·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.

·Use both sides of paper.

·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.

·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth. You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.

1.From the above, we know that this is           .

A. a sign                     B. a proposal (倡议书)       C. an ad(advertisement)

2.The writer tells us           .

A. that we can’t do all these things until Earth Day

B. to pour dirty water into the rivers

C. to save water by not letting it run while brushing our teeth

3. We can            to save paper.

A. use a paper cup            B. use both sides of paper       C. give new books to a library

4.Which of the following is wrong according to the writer?

A. Turn off the lights when you leave the room.

B. Close the doors and windows in winter.

C. Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.

5. What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Protect the Earth                  B. Save Money      C. Make Better Use of Old Things

There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.
·Plant flowers, grass or trees.
·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there—keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.
·Turn off the lights and TV sets when you leave the room. This can save a lot of electricity.
·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.
·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep warm air in.
·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.
·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.
·Use both sides of paper.
·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.
·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth. You don’t have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.
【小题1】From the above, we know that this is           .
A. a sign           B. a proposal (倡议书)     C. an ad(advertisement)
【小题2】The writer tells us           .
A. that we can’t do all these things until Earth Day
B. to pour dirty water into the rivers
C. to save water by not letting it run while brushing our teeth
【小题3】 We can            to save paper.
A. use a paper cup      B. use both sides of paper  C. give new books to a library
【小题4】Which of the following is wrong according to the writer?
A. Turn off the lights when you leave the room.
B. Close the doors and windows in winter.
C. Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.
【小题5】 What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Protect the Earth        B. Save Money      C. Make Better Use of Old Things