Everyone needs friends. Friends bring us happiness and hope in our lives. But the ability to make friends changes from person to person. To some people, making friends is easy, and to others it’s very difficult.

Making friends is a skill, and the first thing is to know how to get on with others.

If you have trouble in making friends, maybe I can tell you how to do it.

Realize your own good points. You have skills and talents(才能) that others will like.

Believe that you are a good person and have something nice to share with others.

Be humourous. Learn to laugh at yourself and your weakness. Remember to smile at others.

Respect(尊敬) the others. Everyone has his own idea. Learn how to listen to others’ ideas without trying to make them accept(接受) yours.

Be kind. If you are kind to others, they will usually be kind to you. There are hundreds of little things you can do to show your kindness. Open the door for someone. Wave to a friend and so on.

Don’t complain(抱怨). Learn to accept what you can’t change, and work hard to change what you can. No one is willing to hear your complaints all the time.

Never give up. Even if you are faced with some closed-minded people, never give up. And try to find someone who will understand you.

1.Why do we need friends according to the passage?

A．Friends can do everything for us.           B．Friends can bring us happiness.

C．Friends accept our ideas all the time.        D．Without friends, we could not live.

2.What’s the first thing we should learn in order to make friends?

A．To help others.                         B．To smile to others.

C．To get on with others.                    D．To listen to others’ complaints.

3.Which of the following shows a sense of humour?

A．Opening the door for someone.            B．Complaining to others all the time.

C．Laughing at ourselves and our weakness.     D．Finding someone who will understand us.

4.How many pieces of advice does the writer provide when we have trouble in making friends?

A．Five.             B．Seven.            C．Nine.             D．Eleven.

Tony Buzan’s grades were going down at university. Disappointed with his low marks, he went to the library to find a book on how to use his brain. He was directed to the medical section. Confused, he said to the librarian, “I don’t want to take my brain out, I just want to learn how to use it.” Her reply was simple: “There’s no book on that.”

“I thought to myself,” says Buzan, “if I buy a little radio, I get an instruction manual (说明书). If I buy a microwave, I get an instruction manual. But for the most important machine in the world, no instruction manual?”

Fifty years later, Buzan has become the world’s leading speaker on the brain and learning. In the late 1960s, he invented the mind map, a visual representation of thought processes.

This kind of thinking has become a popular tool for planning, organizing, problem solving, and communicating across the world. He has since authored and co-authored over 100 books that have appeared in more than 30 languages.

“I think in most cases, people use less than 1 percent of their brains,” he says.

But how do you expand this 1 percent? How do you become the best student you can be?

According to Buzan, the answer is simple. You take a section of whatever it is that you are trying to learn, he says, and you read it for its essence (精髓、要素). Then you make a mind map of all the important details. For a truly effective mind map, you start with a colored image in the center of your page. Draw the first image that comes to mind on the topic you are mind mapping. Branch off from your central image and create one of your main ideas. From your main branches draw some sub-branches and from those sub-branches you can draw even more branches. He emphasizes that you should use plenty of images and colors as these help with memory recall and encourage creativity.

By using this visual format (形式), according to Buzan, your mind will begin to make associations that will help you remember more information for longer periods of time.

Buzan believes that traditional note-taking methods, such as lists and summaries, do not stimulate the brain’s recall capacity or ability in the same way. Because of this, students will often find themselves locked away in their rooms for hours, trying hard to memorize separate details. Buzan believes that for a more effective and lasting way of studying, you must first understand how your brain works.

“Everyone is born smart,” he says. “You just have to learn how to learn.”

1.What is the main purpose of the first two paragraphs?

A．To show that Tony Buzan was worried about his study.

B．To invite us to think about the importance of manuals.

C．To prove that the mind map is a useful tool for the brain.

D．To show why Tony Buzan studies the brain and learning.

2.What does the word “stimulate” mean in the passage?

A．Excite.            B．Improve.          C．Encourage.        D．Affect.

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A．If we learn the mind map, we will become the best student.

B．The mind map will help your brain connect separate details.

C．The mind map will be more effective if we put more details in it.

D．We will solve the problem if we make connections between ideas.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A．How to make the mind map?

B．Is the mind map widely used?

C．Can your memory be mapped?

D．Is the mind map helpful in thinking?

  Many people go to school for a good education. They learn languages ,history, maths and other subjects. School education is very important and useful, yet no one can learn everything from school. No matter how much a teacher knows, he can’t teach his students everything they want to know. His work is to show his students how to learn.He teaches them how to read and how to think. So, much more is to be learned outside school by the students themselves.
It is always more important to know how to study by oneself. It is quite easy to learn something in language or formula (公式 )in maths, but it is difficult to use a formula to find the answer to a maths problem. Great inventors do not get everything from school, but they can invent many things and change the world a lot. Though Thomas Edison invented many things, he didn’t have much school education. How do they do all this ? A lot of things are not taught in the classroom. They get knowledge( 知识 ) from books outside school. They work hard all their lives, and the most important thing is that they know how to use their heads.
【小题1】 Why do many people go to school?__________

Most American families are smaller than the families in other countries. Most American families have one or two parents and one or two children each.

??? Children in the US will leave their parents’ home when they grow up. They usually live far from their parents because they want to find good jobs. They often write to their parents or telephone them. And they often go to visit their parents on holiday.

?? Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think it important for young people to decide on their lives by themselves.

?? Children are asked to do some work around their house. And in many families, children are paid for doing some housework so that they learn how to make money for their own use.

1.The size of most American families is ________ that of other countries.

A. larger than B. smaller than C. as big as D. as small as

2.When children grow up, they leave their parents’ home to _________.

A. get married B. be free C. find good jobs D. study

3.They visit their parents ________.

A. on weekdays B. on weekends C. at any time D. on holiday

4.Which of the following statements is WRONG?

A. Children have the freedom(自由） to choose their own job.

B. Parents don’t ask their children to do the housework.

C. Parents think it important for children to make their own decision.

D. When children grow up, they usually live far away from their home.

5.Some parents pay their children for doing housework because ___________.

A. children can learn how to make money for themselves

B. their children required them to do so

C. they are rich

D. it is required by law

Some people believe that classes, teachers and school buildings will no longer be necessary in the near future because of the Internet and other new technology. Perhaps this will be true one day, but if the world has no schools, I can't imagine how our society will be. In fact, we should learn how to use new technology to make schools better. We should invent a new kind of school connected to libraries, museums, science centers, labs and even companies. Technological companies should create learning programs for schools. Scientists could give talks through the Internet. TV networks and local stations could develop programs about things students are studying in school. Labs could set up websites to show new technology, so students could see it on the Internet.

Is this a dream? No. There have been many cities where this is beginning to happen. Here the whole city is connected to the Internet, and learning can take place at home, at school, and in the office. Businesses provide programs for the schools and the society. The schools provide computer labs for people without their own computers at home. Because everyone can go on the Internet, older people use it as much as younger ones, and everyone can visit faraway libraries and museums as easily as nearby ones. How will this new thing of school change the usual way of learning? It is a little early to be sure, but it is very exciting to think about it. Technology will change the way we learn; schools will change as well; and we will learn something from the Internet.

1.Who thinks that students won’t have to go to school?

A．Everyone.         B．The writer.         C．Some people.      D．The teachers.

2.What does “a new kind of school” mean in the passage?

A．A school with many new computers.         B．A school with many new students.

C．A school with many new teachers.           D．A school connected to the Internet.

3.What the writer thinks is that____________.

A．schools are still necessary                 B．more schools should be built

C．there should be fewer schools             D．more computers are needed in schools

4.Why do people think learning can take place at home, at school, and in the office?

A．Because whole city is connected to the Internet.

B．Because everyone can go on the Internet.

C．Because getting online is very easy.

D．Because Scientists could give talks through the Internet.

5.What fact does the passage NOT provide?

A．Technology will change our way of learning.

B．If you are a student, you can set up websites to show new technology.

C．The schools provide computer labs for those who have no personal computers.

D．On the Internet, you can visit another city's libraries as easily as the people there.