阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

　　The moon is nearer to us than the sun. It is about 240,000 miles away. The sun is much farther, 93 million miles from us. When we look at the moon, it looks almost as large as the sun. That is because it is much nearer. The sun is really much larger.

　　The sun is a star. It is a ball of fire; it sends our light. The moon is rock and hard．It isn't hot. It doesn't send out light; it reflects light. This means that the moon doesn't make its own light. The sun sends out its light to the moon. Then the moon sends the sun's light back to the earth.

　　The moon is very different from the earth. There isn't any air on it. It is both very hot and very cold there. The part in the sunshine is very hot, but the part in the dark can be 200°F(129°C )below zero.

　　There aren't any trees, grass, or water on the moon. All you can see are rocks and deserts. There are many mountains that are from two to five miles high. There are round holes in the moon called craters. There are at least 30,000 of them on the moon. Some of the craters are half a mile wide, but some are as large as 160 miles wide.

　　A moon is a satellite, a smaller object in space that goes around a planet. Our moon goes around our earth. It takes it about 28 days to go around the earth once. At the same time, the moon itself also turns. This takes about 28 days too. This is why one side of the moon is always turned away from us. Spaceships went around the moon in the 1960's. They took the first picture of the other side of the moon.

　　In July 1969, two men from the United States stepped on the moon from a spaceship. They took some machines there to make some tests. They brought back 48 pounds of rocks from the moon.

　　That first trip to the moon was very important. It was the first time that human beings had walked on a heavenly body other than the earth. It was a beginning. It was

a step to all the other planets and stars.

(1)Decide whether each of the following sentences is true or false:

[　　]

1) The sun is much larger than the moon.

2) The sun reflects light.

3) It is always very cold on the moon.

4) There are trees and grass on the moon.

5) There are round holes in the moon called craters.

6) We can see all sides of the moon from the earth.

(2)Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to each of the underlined words.

[　　]

1) The moon doesn't send out light; it reflects light.

[　　]

A．makes light

B．sends back the light it receives from another place

C．shines

D．sparkles

2) All you can see are rocks and deserts.

[　　]

A．stones

B．pieces of land with flowers and trees

C．pieces of dry land which have no life

D．rainy areas

3) There are round holes in the moon called craters.

[　　]

A．mountains

B．rivers

C．round holes

D．planets

4) A satellite is a smaller object in space that goes around a planet.

[　　]

5) Spaceships went around the moon in the 1960's.

[　　]

A．beats that go on the sea

B．airplanes that fly above the earth

C．machines that take off from the earth and go into space

D．buses that go on the moon

6) It was a step to all the other planets and stars.

[　　]

A．An example of a planet is the sky.

B．An example of a planet is the moon.

C．An example of a planet is the sun.

D．An example of a planet is the earth.

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

　　The moon is nearer to us than the sun. It is about 240,000 miles away. The sun is much farther, 93 million miles from us. When we look at the moon, it looks almost as large as the sun. That is because it is much nearer. The sun is really much larger.

　　The sun is a star. It is a ball of fire; it sends our light. The moon is rock and hard．It isn't hot. It doesn't send out light; it reflects light. This means that the moon doesn't make its own light. The sun sends out its light to the moon. Then the moon sends the sun's light back to the earth.

　　The moon is very different from the earth. There isn't any air on it. It is both very hot and very cold there. The part in the sunshine is very hot, but the part in the dark can be 200°F(129°C )below zero.

　　There aren't any trees, grass, or water on the moon. All you can see are rocks and deserts. There are many mountains that are from two to five miles high. There are round holes in the moon called craters. There are at least 30,000 of them on the moon. Some of the craters are half a mile wide, but some are as large as 160 miles wide.

　　A moon is a satellite, a smaller object in space that goes around a planet. Our moon goes around our earth. It takes it about 28 days to go around the earth once. At the same time, the moon itself also turns. This takes about 28 days too. This is why one side of the moon is always turned away from us. Spaceships went around the moon in the 1960's. They took the first picture of the other side of the moon.

　　In July 1969, two men from the United States stepped on the moon from a spaceship. They took some machines there to make some tests. They brought back 48 pounds of rocks from the moon.

　　That first trip to the moon was very important. It was the first time that human beings had walked on a heavenly body other than the earth. It was a beginning. It was

a step to all the other planets and stars.

(1)Decide whether each of the following sentences is true or false:

[　　]

1) The sun is much larger than the moon.

2) The sun reflects light.

3) It is always very cold on the moon.

4) There are trees and grass on the moon.

5) There are round holes in the moon called craters.

6) We can see all sides of the moon from the earth.

(2)Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to each of the underlined words.

[　　]

1) The moon doesn't send out light; it reflects light.

[　　]

A．makes light

B．sends back the light it receives from another place

C．shines

D．sparkles

2) All you can see are rocks and deserts.

[　　]

A．stones

B．pieces of land with flowers and trees

C．pieces of dry land which have no life

D．rainy areas

3) There are round holes in the moon called craters.

[　　]

A．mountains

B．rivers

C．round holes

D．planets

4) A satellite is a smaller object in space that goes around a planet.

[　　]

5) Spaceships went around the moon in the 1960's.

[　　]

A．beats that go on the sea

B．airplanes that fly above the earth

C．machines that take off from the earth and go into space

D．buses that go on the moon

6) It was a step to all the other planets and stars.

[　　]

A．An example of a planet is the sky.

B．An example of a planet is the moon.

C．An example of a planet is the sun.

D．An example of a planet is the earth.

All Eskimos live most of their lives close to sea or fresh water. They may follow game inland for several hundred miles, but they always return to the shores of rivers, lakes, or seas. Eskimo land has a bare look. Large rocks, pebbles, and sand cover much of the surface. Plants called lichen (地衣) grow on the rocks, and where there is enough soil, grass, flowers, and even small bushes manage to live. No trees can grow on Eskimo land, so geographers sometimes call it the Arctic plains. There are some animals in Eskimo land, such as rabbits, which eat the plants. Other animals, like the white fox and the gray wolf, eat the rabbits. The Eskimo is a meat－eater, too, and may even eat a wolf when food is scarce.

The Eskimo year has two main parts：A long, cold winter and a short, cool summer. Spring and fall are almost too short to be noticed. Summer is the best time, as food is usually plentiful. But it is also the time when Eskimos are very busy. Winter is never far away, and the men must bring home extra meat for the women to prepare and store, for seldom can enough animals be killed in winter to feed a family.

The Far North is sometimes called the land of the midnight sun. This is true in the middle of summer, for between April 21st and August 21st the sun never sets in Northern Greenland. But in midwinter the Far North is a land with no sunshine at all. Around October 21st the Eskimos of Northern Greenland see the sun set directly south of them, and they don't see it again until February 22nd. All places on earth get about the same amount of daylight during a year. As a result, if summer is lighter, winter has to be darker.

Winter nights in the Far North are seldom pitch－black. As in the rest of the world, the stars and moon provide a little light. The northern lights also help the Eskimo to see. And with the ground covered with snow, even a little light is reflected back to the Eskimo's eyes.

6. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Eskimos do not usually eat wolves.

B. Eskimos like to chase one another.

C. Eskimos depend heavily on water.

D. Eskimos are meat－eaters.

7.  In the Eskimo year, ________.

A. there is no spring and fall

B. winter is cold and summer is hot

C. summer is a time for growing food

D. winter comes early and goes late

8.  What's the meaning of the underlined word “pitch－black” in Paragraph 4?

A. Dark with a little light.

B. A little dark.

C. Not dark at all.

D. Extremely dark.

9. From the passage, we can infer all of the following EXCEPT that ________.

A. Eskimos are more likely to eat wolves in summer

B. Eskimo women are responsible for housework

C. meat is the main source of food for the Eskimo

D. hunting is an important part of Eskimo life

10. Why is summer lighter in the Far North?

A. Because the Far North is far away from the sun.

B. Because the sun is not seen for five months of the year.

C. Because the sun never sets in midsummer.

D. Because people see the sun set directly south of them.

阅读理解

　　From boyhood he had been interested in astronomy(天文学), and while at Cambridge he would sit up at night to watch the stars. But he was not satisfied with the telescopes of those days because they didn't show him a clear picture of things. At first he thought there must be something wrong with the lens. But no matter how hard he tried to improve the lens; the trouble was still there.

　　This set Newton thinking. He began to study the nature of light and colors. In the end he found that sunlight, or white light, is actually made up of a row of colors. He counted seven colors in all. This was of course a great discovery. But Newton still wasn't satisfied His mind was busy with another problem. Before Newton's time, scientists had already discovered that the sun, not the earth, was the centre of the other planets moving round the sun. But they couldn't explain why this was so until Newton gave the answer.

　　One autumn evening while Newton was sitting under an apple tree thinking over these problems, he saw the moon rise in the sky. Why, he asked himself, should the moon go round the earth, never leaving the same path? At that moment, he heard an apple drop from the tree. Why didn't it go sideways or fly up?

　　There seemed to be only one reason：the earth was drawing it－that is the force of gravity. If a stone is tied to the end of a string and whirled around, it will fly round and round in circles because of the string. In the same way, the force of gravity, thought Newton, must be the force that keeps the moon going round the earth and the planets round the sun.

1．This passage mainly tells us ________.

[　　]

A．Newton gave the right answer to the making up of the sunlight

B．Newton found that the moon goes round the earth

C．how Newton made two of his greatest discoveries

D．why Newton made two of his greatest discoveries at home

2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Newton made only two discoveries in his lifetime.

B．Finding nothing wrong with the lens, Newton began to study the nature of light and colors.

C．Nobody could explain why the planets moved round the sun before Newton's time.

D．It was by chance that Newton discovered the force of gravity.

3．Give the right order of the events given in the passage.

a．Newton found that the sunlight is made up of a row of colors.

b．Newton wondered why the apples didn't go sideways.

c．Newton concluded that the force of gravity keeps the moon going round the earth.

d．Newton tried every means to improve the lens.

e．Newton counted the number of colors.

[　　]

4．Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “They couldn't explain why this was so until Newton gave the answer.”?

[　　]

A．Newton gave the answer because they couldn't explain why.

B．Newton couldn't explain why unless they gave the answer.

C．It was Newton who gave the answer.

D．Newton was the first to give the answer.

阅读理解：

　　Our sun is a star, and nine worlds move around it. Worlds like these are called planets.

　　But there are other stars, other suns. Not only thousands of them, but millions of millions. Do different stars have planets? We can see planets round our own sun. But we haven't seen any more. The stars are too far away from us. Stars give out light, but the planets don't have any light of their own. So we can't see them. They are too far and too dark.

　　Still, we can tell that some stars have planets. While a big planet goes round, it pulls its stars to one side. And sometimes we can see this. Then we know that the star has a planet.

　　For example, Barnard's Star is a small red star. And it is the quickest star in the sky. But sometimes it moves slower, and then quicker again. We have examined this star for a number of years, and now we are certain it has a planet.

1．Worlds moving around the sun are called ________.

[　　]

2．From the article we know that ________.

[　　]

A．there is only one sun in the universe

B．there are millions of millions of stars in the universe

C．every star can be seen with our eyes

D．all the stars are not very far from us

3．Though we can't see all of them still we can tell that ________.

[　　]

A．some stars have planets

B．some planets have light of their own

C．some stars give out no light

D．a big planet is moving towards its star

4．The article tells us that ________.

[　　]

A．Barnard's Star is the farthest from the earth

B．Barnard's Star gives out the strongest light

C．Barnard's Star is a small red one

D．Barnard's Star has no planet at all

5．Which of the following is true?

[　　]

A．We have examined Barnard's Star since some months ago.

B．We have no way to tell whether a star has a planet or not.

C．A planet always pushes its star away from it.

D．Barnard's Star does not always move at the same speed.