You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let’s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
【小题1】What should you consider first while sailing?

A．Sailors’ strength.

B．Wave levels.

C．Wind directions.

D．Size of sails.

【小题2】What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The boat.

B．The wind.

C．The sail.

D．The angle.

【小题3】What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

A．Move in a straight line.	B．Allow the sail to flap.
C．Lower the sail.	D．Tack the boat.

【小题4】Where can you probably find the text?

A．In a popular magazine.	B．In a tourist guidebook.
C．In a physics textbook.	D．In an official report.

You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.

First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.

Let’s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.

If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

1.What should you consider first while sailing?

A．Sailors’ strength.  B．Wave levels.       C．Wind directions.    D．Size of sails.

2.What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The boat.          B．The wind.          C．The sail.           D．The angle.

3.What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

A．Move in a straight line.                   B．Allow the sail to flap.

C．Lower the sail.                          D．Tack the boat.

4.Where can you probably find the text?

A．In a popular magazine.                   B．In a tourist guidebook.

C．In a physics textbook.                    D．In an official report.

 

　 You may think that sailing is difficult, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.

　 First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail(帆).

　 Let’s start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.

　 If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind. but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

　 Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

64. What should you consider first while sailing?

　 A. Sailors’ strength.

　 B. Wave levels.

　 C. Wind directions.

　 D. Size of sails.

65. What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

　 A. The sail.

　 B. The wind.

　 C. The boat.

　 D. The angle.

66. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

　 A. Move in a straight line.

　 B. Allow the sail to flap.

　 C. Lower the sail.

　 D. Tack the boat.

  Imagine yourself on a boat looking out at the horizon and all you can see is the water meeting the sky with no land in sight and you are sailing straight ahead to meet the world. Jesse Martin does not have to imagine: he is living in it.

On Dec. 7, 1998, at 17 years old, Jesse set sail from Melbourne, Australia on his boat, attempting to become the youngest person to sail alone and nonstop around the world. He sailed south of New Zealand, through the South Pacific, around South America, north on the Atlantic, back south past Africa, through the Indian Ocean and back to Melbourne.

Even as a young child, Jesse had been an adventurer who traveled all over Europe and Asia with his parents. Born in Munich, Germany in 1981, he moved to Australia with his family when he was only two years old. They moved close to a rainforest in Cow Bay, about 3500kms north of Melbourne, where they built a small house with no electricity or running water. Jesse grew up at the beach enjoying the outdoors to its fullest.

At 14, he sailed for the first time with his father and brother, Beau. It was after this trip that he began to dream about sailing around the world.

Jesse’s family played an important role. “I was made to believe I could do anything.” he says. Although, he says, there were others that were not so encouraging or supportive, “People that I looked up to, respected and trusted told me I couldn’t. Thankfully, I trusted myself. There were people that said that the boat couldn’t be ready by the time I had to leave.” However, through perseverance and belief in himself he was able to do what many told him was impossible.

On Oct.31, 1999, more than 10 months after he set sail, Jesse Martin went down in history as the youngest person to sail around the world alone, nonstop and unassisted.

What’s the author’s purpose in encouraging the reader to imagine a sailing experience?

    A. To show how difficult it is to be a sailor.

    B. To show how wonderful Jesse’s sailing is.

    C. To describe what Jesse’s sailing is like.

    D. To describe what a sailor’s life is like.

Jesse Martin was at the end of his voyage when he _______.

A. sailed on the South Pacific.

B. sailed on the Indian Ocean.

C. sailed past Africa

D. sailed past South America.

Which of the following made Jesse decide to sail alone around the world?

   A. His childhood adventure experiences.

   B. His journeys to Europe.

   C. His first sailing trip with his family.

   D. His love for outdoor activities.

What can we learn from Jesse Martin’s story?

   A. Interest leads to success.

   B. A strong belief will make a person stronger.

   C. Life is an unusual adventure we should enjoy.

   D. Failure is the mother of success.

 Easy isn’t a word the disabled use very much. Nothing is easy when you’re in a wheelchair or when you’re blind. But Karen Mitchell knows legs aren’t needed to walk the waves. “I forget about my disability, ”Mitchell says about sailing. And Janice Bartleson doesn’t need eyes to see the wind.

     US Olympic gold medalist Magnus Liljedahl says sailing is one of the few sports where the disabled can leave their disability on the dock and be as good as anyone else. “The first half of my life, I was mainly concerned about myself, ” Liljedahl says. “But when we leave we can’t take anything with us, so it’s important to give back to the community. ”

    Working in partnership with Miami’s non-profit Shake-a-Leg Foundation, more than 3, 000 disabled people every year are getting a chance to forget their disabilities and feel spray (浪花)in their faces.

     Liljedahl believes the reward is in the journey. And for him, this journey has been a rich one. “I’ve really learned to appreciate life by seeing what they’ve got to deal with, ”he says. And he’s also become a better sailor. It’s a story you often hear from volunteers. Helping others often helps them more. It reawakens senses dulled over time because the able-bodied take those senses for granted.

    At the dock, all seem to enjoy the chance to get their feet wet. “It gives me a feeling of independence and freedom, ”Manuela Hoyos says, “I feel free from my wheelchair. ”

56. Which of the following is TRUE about Shake-a-Leg Foundation?

A. It helps the disabled make money.

B. It was established by Magnus Liljedahl.

C. It offers the disabled sailing chances.

D. It helps the disabled meet with Olympic champions.

57. By doing volunteer work, Liljedahl _______ .

A. forgets his disability completely

B. wins an Olympic gold medal

C. has a better understanding of life

D. finds many people with a talent for sailing

58. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to _______.

A. the disabled

B. the volunteers

C. US Olympic champions

D. Magnus Liljedahl and Manuela Hoyos

59. It can be inferred from the text that _______.

A. Mitchell has a disability with her legs

B. Janice Bartleson moves around in a wheelchair

C. Liljedahl won his first Olympic gold medal in Miami

D. Manuela Hoyos is a volunteer at the dock