Not being able to fall asleep or stay asleep is not a disorder in itself but a sign of some other problems, often a physical one.

   If you have trouble sleeping, the American Sleep Disorders Association suggests that, for a week or two, you put down the time you go to bed, get up, exercise, and drink coffee, tea or wine.  The purpose is to find the habits that may affect your sleep.

   Then:

a.       Don’t drink coffee in the six hours before going to bed.

b.       Stop smoking and drinking at bedtime.

c.       Don’t sleep during the day.

d.       Go to bed at the same time every night.  Set your alarm clock for the same time every morning and get up at that time, whether or not you sleep well.

e.       Use the bedroom only for sleep.  Read, watch TV, eat and talk elsewhere.

f.        Take sleeping pills according to your doctor’s directions and don’t take them for longer than three weeks at a time.

g.       If you haven’t fallen asleep within 15 minutes of going to bed, don’t turn over worrying about it.  Get up and read or watch TV until you are sleepy, then return to bed.

If you continue to have trouble sleeping, ask your doctor for help or go to a sleep-disorders center.

 

1. According to the passage, there is probably        if you are not able to fall 

asleep or stay asleep.

A. a bad way of sleeping      B. a disorder in sleep

C.      a physical reason         D. a problem caused by the brain

2.If you have trouble sleeping, you should try to ______.

A. ask a doctor for help or go to a sleep-disorders center

B.      put down the time you do things every day

C. do more physical exercise

D. find out the cause first

3.According to the passage, which of the following would be the best way to help you sleep well?

A. Taking some sleeping pills every day.

B. Reading books before you go to bed.

C. Setting your alarm clock at night.

D. Forming good living habits.

4.The author writes this article in order to ______.

A. tell us not being able to fall asleep is a serious disease

B. provide us with some suggestions on sleep problem

C. persuade us not to go to see the doctors when we are ill

D. help the American Sleep Disorders Association to find the causes of not being able to fall sleep

 

 

III. 完形填空（20%）

In order to be a success in the American business world, you must “get along” with people. You must learn to behave yourself in a way ___31___ you earn the affection (喜爱)and respect of others. ___32___ we have already pointed out, Americans ___33___ business and pleasure. Therefore, learning how to ___34___ informally can be a help with your American business___35___. Americans like to talk about a number of different ___36___—sports, politics, cars, popular movies and television shows and personal interests.

Many large American cities have sports teams. If you are ___37___ with Americans in the United States, it would be a good idea to ___38___ out about the local sports teams so that you can ___39___ the almost inevitable (不可避免的) discussions about “what our ___40___ will do this year.” Politics can be a ___41___ topic unless everyone is of the same mind ___42___. Limit your discussions to asking questions of your friends. Most Americans are ___43___owners and some are even crazy about the subject. You can participate___44___ talking about cars you have owned or by __45___information you have read in automotive magazines. Americans watch television almost every night and attend movies regularly, ___46___ naturally TV programs and the ___47___ movies become topics for discussions. If you are unable to ___48___ American television or attend American movies, reading the ___49___section of such magazine as Time and Newsweek will keep you up to date on ___50___ is popular in America.

31. A. which              B. where               C. how                        D. that

32. A. While               B. Since                       C. As                            D. Because

33. A. mix                   B. enjoy                      C. like                          D. manage

34. A. conduct          B. appear                       C. behave                       D. chat

35. A. friends            B. efforts              C. contacts                D. companies

36. A. persons          B. titles                       C. businesses            D. topics

37. A. meeting                   B. working                 C. living                 D. playing

38. A. find                  B. learn                       C. go                            D. stay

39. A. work on         B. join in                C. succeed in             D. break in

40. A. group              B. business                C. company               D. team

41. A. common         B. sensitive                C. special              D. daily

42. A. politically        B. economically        C. professionally      D. personally

43. A. house              B. car                          C. business                D. land

44. A. in                 B. toward                       C. by                            D. through

45. A. collecting       B. sharing                  C. gathering              D. analyzing

46. A. so                B. but                          C. however                D. moreover

47. A. most interesting   B. most exciting       C. newest                  D. latest

48. A. witness           B. look                         C. watch               D. glance

49. A. entertainmentB. sports                      C. business                D. movie

50. A. which              B. that                        C. what                       D. as

 

Last week, I was invited to a doctor’s meeting at the Ruth Hospital. In one of the rooms a patient, an old man, got up from his bed and moved slowly towards me. I could see that he hadn’t long to live, but he came up to me and placed his right foot close to mine on the floor.

“Frank!” I cried in surprise. He couldn’t answer, as I knew, but he tried to smile, all the time keeping his foot close to mine.

My thoughts raced back more than thirty years － to the dark days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The scene was an air-raid shelter (防空洞), in which I and about a hundred other people slept every night. Among them were Mrs West and her son Frank, who lived nearby. Sharing wartime problems, we got to know each other very well. Frank interested me because he was not normal. He had never been normal, ever since he was born. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had less of a mind than a baby has. Mrs West, then about 75, was a strong, able woman, as she had to be, of course, because Frank depended on her completely. He needed all the attention of a baby.

One night a policeman came into our shelter and told Mrs West that her house had been all destroyed. That wasn’t quite true, because the Wests went on living there for quite some time. But they certainly lost nearly everything they owned.

When that kind of thing happened, the rest of us helped the unlucky ones. So before we separated that morning, I stood beside Frank and measured my right foot against his.

They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a spare pair of shoes to the shelter for Frank. As soon as he saw me, he came running － and paced his right foot against mine. After that, he always greeted me in the same way.

1. How did the writer know that the patient was Frank?

A. He was told that Frank was in the hospital.  B. He was invited to study Frank’s illness.

C. Frank’s name was written on the door.      D. Frank greeted him in a special way.

2. When and where did the writer first meet Frank?

A. In Mrs West’s house in 1941.

B. In an air-raid shelter during the war.

C. At the Ruth Hospital about ten years ago.

D. In London after he Wests’ house was destroyed.

3. The unlucky ones mentioned by the doctor were ______.

A. those who suffered from illness       B. those who slept in the air-raid shelter

C. those who were killed during the war   D. those whose homes were destroyed in air-raids

4.The writer placed his foot against Frank’s before he left the shelter ______.

A. to be friendly towards Frank

B. to see if Frank’s feet were normal

C. to find out if Frank could put on his shoes

D. to teach Frank to greet people in a special way

 

How Do Animals Catch Their ZZZ’s?

       Different creatures have developed some pretty creative ways to get their rest and stay safe. The lizard（蜥蝎）likes to sleep at the far end of small branches hanging out over a pond or lake in the rain forest. If a snake tries to slither up the branch to eat it, it will shake the branch and knock the lizard off , and the lizard will fall safely into the water. Chameleons （变色龙）can change color to match their surroundings in order to hide even while sleeping.

       Corillas（大猩猩）like to sleep high in the trees. They build a new bed every night, sometimes taking up to half an hour to pile branches, twigs, and leaves into a comfortable bed. Birds also find it safe to sleep in the trees, but unless they have eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest. They just lock their feet around a branch and hang on. A special tendon（腱）in their legs is automatically tight when they are at rest, so they won’t let go and fall.

    Dolphins(海豚) live underwater, but must come to the surface to breathe. Scientists now believe that dolphins may sleep with only half their brain, while the other half stays awake to keep them safe and breathing. Seals (海豹) also do this，lying on their sides on the surface of the water with one flipper underwater paddling to keep their noses above the surface. Some ducks may also have this ability, and actually sleep with one eye closed and one eye open. (281 words)

1.How many animals are mentioned in this passage?

       A．6.                       B．7.                       C．8.                       D．9.

2.How does a chameleon protect itself while sleeping?

       A．By changing its body colors.                   B．By hinging out over a pond.

       C．By sleeping with half their brain.             D．By making beds with branches.

3.Why will not birds fall when they are at rest?

       A．They build nests and sleep in them.           B．They fall asleep automatically.

       C．They have a loose tendon in their legs       D．They lock their feet around a branch.

4.What does the writer intend to tell us?

A．The cleverest animal is the gorilla because it can make beds.

B．Differences in habitat could lead to different living habits.

C．The ways animals catch their ZZZ’s are pretty much the same .

D．In order to protect themselves most animals choose not to sleep.

 

LEEDS， England ─ A Leeds University psychology professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.

“The hatred we hold within us is a cancer，” Professor Ken Hart said， adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.

More than 70 people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in  London ─a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.

These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out， but they end up drinking it themselves， said Canadian-born Hart.

The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.

The course， ending in July， is expected to get rid of the cancer of hatred in these people. “People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness，” he said， “People confuse forgiveness with  forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one.”

Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.

“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you， and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with，” said Norman Claringbull， a senior expert on the forgiveness project.

Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught， as these people “want to get free of the past”.

From this passage we know that 　　　　.

A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hatred

B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors

C. without hatred， people will have less trouble connected with blood pressure and heart disease

D .people who suffer from high blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies

People going to Hart’s first 20-week workshop 　　　　.

A. enjoy the professor’s speech

B .learn how to quarrel with others 

C .are aware that their hatred is a poison that could finally end up harming themselves

D .meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop every night and learn how to relax 

. According to Professor Ken Hart， 　　　　.

A. most people are living with hatred

B. people should attend his courses to forget the past

C. forgiveness means forgetting the bitterness

D. people with a bitter memory can learn to have a positive attitude towards the past

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？

A. Hatred means living a positive life.

B. People will be taught how to look at various kinds of angers in the workshop.

C. Hart and his team enjoys high popularity among Londoners these days.

D. People who are sick of living with a bitter memory have to pay a lot to Hart’s course.

. Which could be the best title for the passage？

A. Britons learn to forgive  B. Hart and his team

C .Forgive and forget  D. Hatred， a poison to you