Sociologists（社会学家）, working in western countries, have found that a large number of women wished they had been born men. The number is said to be as high as 60％ in Germany.

　　"Women often wish they had the same chances as men have, and think it is still men's world. " said Dr. James Helen, one of the sociologists who did the study.

　　Many men say that they have more duties than women. A man has to make money to support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for men to be paid more. Some are even against their wives working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children cannot be taken good care of. If women take full-time jobs, they won't be able to do what they are best at doing: making a nice home and bringing up the children.

　　Some women disagree. They say they want to get out of their homes and to have freedom to choose between work and home life. Women have the right of equal pay and equal chances.

　　Anne Harper has a very good job. She also believes in "Women's Liberation", "I don't wish I were a man," she says, "and I don't think many women do. But I do wish people would stop treating us like second-class people. At work, for example, we usually do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs only to men—usually they are the best ones. If you are a man, you have a much better chance of living a wonderful life. How many women scientists are there…or engineers?"

Many men think ______.

　　　　A. women can't do what men can

　　　　B. men have to work much harder than women

　　　　C. men can make money more easily than women

　　　　D. women's duty is mainly to do housework at home

　Some women have different ideas. They say that ______.

　　　　A. women need chances to go out of the home more often

　　　　B. women want more freedom in deciding the kind of life they want

　　　　C. if women are given equal pay, they can do everything instead of men

　　　　D. women are no longer interested in taking care of their homes

　　　Anne Harper thought that ______.

　　　　A. women should live a better life than men

　　　　B. women should be really liberated

　　　　C. women should be given better jobs than men

　　　　D. women should live a more wonderful life than men

阅读理解

Helen Keller was born in America in June, 1880. Everything was all right when she was born. But when she was nineteen months old, an attack of fever left her blind and deaf for the rest of her life. She became blind so young that as she grew older, she did not remember being able to see; and she became deaf before she had any idea of the importance of human speech. She lived in darkness and silence.

　　 As she grew older, she, too, wanted to express her ideas and feelings. But she realized that she was cut off from others.

Her parents were greatly worried. How could anyone get in touch with Helen's mind and intelligence in darkness and silence without speech? Helen was nearly seven before a teacher was found. Her name was Miss Sullivan.

Miss Sullivan had a lot of difficulties in teaching Helen Keller. As the child could neither see nor hear, she had to use manual alphabet. But Helen’s energy and intelligence and strong spirit, combined with Miss Sullivan's skill and patience, overcame all the difficulties. As Helen grew up, she became an able student, passed examinations and finally took a university degree in English literature. She then devoted all herself to helping the blind and the deaf. Her personal success, together with the work she has done for others, made her one of the greatest women in modern times. She wrote many books and "The Story of My Life" is a remarkable one.

1. Which of the following statements is true?

    A. Helen Keller was born blind and deaf.

    B. She first became blind and then deaf.

    C. She became blind and deaf in 1880.

D. She became blind and deaf sometime about January 1882.

2. Which of the following statements is not true?

    A. Helen became blind and deaf because she suffered from a high fever.

    B. Helen became blind before she could see anything.

    C. Helen became deaf before she realized how important it was to be able to hear and speak.

D. Helen too, wanted to make contact with others with speech.

3. Helen Keller's parents were greatly worried because________.

    A. she was growing older

    B. she was cut off from others

    C. she, too, wanted to express her ideas and feeling but she could not

D. she was almost seven years old and yet they were not sure whether they could find a suitable teacher for her

4. Helen was finally successful mainly because of________.

    A. her parents' help

    B. the manual alphabet Miss Sullivan taught her

    C. the help she got when she took a degree

D. her hard work, cleverness as well as Sullivan's great continuous efforts

5. Helen Keller finally became ________.

    A. an able student

    B. a writer

    C. the greatest woman in modern times

D. a student who took a university degree in English literature

 

此题要求改正所给短句中的错误. 对标有题号的每一行作出判断, 每行只有一个错误, 按下列情况改正:

此行缺一个词: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^) , 在该行右边横线写出该加的词.

此行多一个词: 把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉．

　此行错一个词：在错的词下画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词．

Helen is a twenty-years-old girl. She never had a job   1._____

before. Now she wanted get a job. So she went to meet 2._______

Mr Black, the manager of the hotel. Mr Black told     3.___

her it was getting very busy in the hotel on the evenings. 4._______

He asked her if she was interesting in a part-time job.    5.________

The girl said that she did. Then Mr Black said she had    6._______

to work very faster and that she must be there at six       7.______

every afternoon and work from six to ten, Monday to      8._____

Friday. He offered her with 4.5 dollars an hour. Hellen      9._____

pleased with the offer and decided to start work the next day. 10._____

 

It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.

　　Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.

　　The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.

　　Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”

1.By “a one-way street” in Paragraph One, the author means ________.

　 A. university researchers know little about the commercial world

　 B. there is little exchange between industry and academia

　 C. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university

　 D. few university professors are willing to do industrial research

2.The underlined word “deterrent” most probably refers to something that ________.

　 A. keeps someone from taking action      B. helps to move the traffic

C. attracts people’s attention              D. brings someone a financial burden

3.What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?

A. Flexible work hours.                        

B. Her research interests.

C. Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.

D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.

4. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.

　 A. do financially more rewarding work

　 B. raise his status in the academic world

　 C. enrich his experience in medical research

　 D. exploit better intellectual opportunities

5.What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?

　 A. Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market.

　 B. Develop its students’ potential in research.

　 C. Help it to obtain financial support from industry.

D. Gear its research towards practical applications.