Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623, when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed. IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generated an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17^th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today intellectual property rights are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature.

   In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recoding of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book store. In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.

1.According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to _______.

　　A. those creating music, art and literature

　　B. novelists

　　C. those not receiving financial reward for their work

　　D. engineers and inventors

2.What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?

　　A. It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.

　　B. It sells songs and films.

　　C. It makes IP rights harder to protect.

　　D. It prevents the production of artwork.

3.According to paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”?

A. Intellectual property rights.            B. Free downloading. 

C. The Internet.                        D. The large number of songs, films and books.

4.A possible title for this passage could be _______.

　　A. IP Rights and Our Attitudes　          B. Ways to Protect Your IP Rights

　　C. The Present and the Future of IP rights　 D. A History of IP Rights

 

Jack is a twenty-year-old young man. Two years ago, when he finished middle school, he found work in a shop. Usually he works until ten o'clock in the evening. He is very tired when he gets home. After a quick supper he goes to bed and soon falls asleep. His grandma who lives downstairs is satisfied with (满意) him.
　　One day, on his way home, he met Mary. They were both happy. He asked the girl to his house, she agreed happily. He bought some fruit and drinks for her. And they talked about their school, teachers, classmates and their future (未来). They talked for a long time.
　　"Have a look at your watch, please," said the girl. "What time is it now?"
　　"Sorry, something is wrong with my watch," said Jack. "Where's yours?"
　　"I left it at home."
　　Jack thought for a moment and found a way. He began to stamp his foot on the floor, "Bang! Bang! Bang!"
　　The sound woke his grandma up. The old woman shouted downstairs, "It's twelve o'clock in the night, Jack. Why are you still jumping upstairs?"
【小题1】Jack was ________ when he finished middle school.

A．sixteen

B．eighteen

C．twenty

D．fifteen

【小题2】The old woman is satisfied with Jack because ________.

A．he's her grandson	B．he's clever
C．he can keep quiet	D．he gets home on time

【小题3】From the story, we can know that Mary is Jack's ________.

A．classmate

B．colleague (同事)

C．aunt

D．wife

【小题4】The word "stamp" in the story means ______ in Chinese.

A．盖印

B．跺

C．贴邮票

D．承认

【小题5】Jack stamped his foot on the floor in order (为了) ________.

A．to wake his grandma up

B．to make his grandma angry

C．that his grandma was going to tell him the time

D．that his grandma was going to buy him a watch

阅读理解

　　Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will probably say that they go to school to learn both their native and some foreign languages, maths, history, but what do they learn these things for? And are these things all that they learn at school?

　　We send our children to school to prepare them for a bright future. Many of the things they study at school have some practical use in their life. But is that the only reason why they go to school?

　　There is more in education than just memorizing facts. We go to school above all to learn how to learn independently(独立的)or teach ourselves, so that when we finish our schooling, we can continue to learn. A man who really knows how to learn will always be more likely to succeed in his life than those who are not good at self-taught. The educated person, whenever he has to do something new, will rapidly teach himself how to do it in the best way. The uneducated person, on the other hand, is either unable to do something new or does it badly. Modern education, therefore, should emphasize (强调)both knowledge transferring and general ability cultivating(能力培养).

1．Children go to school to ________.

[　　]

A．learn languages only

B．learn science only

C．get strong and tall

D．learn many kinds of knowledge

2．Parents hope ________ .

[　　]

A．their children will be successful when they grow up

B．their children master a certain skill

C．they can teach their children themselves

D．they can do all for their children's future

3．Most probably, the person ________ will be a great success in his/her life.

[　　]

A．who's good at all the lessons

B．who keeps healthy

C．who's learned how to learn on his own

D．who does as they say

4．Which of the following is TRUE?

[　　]

A．The uneducated person can't get much money .

B．Pupils should learn how to find the best way to deal with problems they meet.

C．The uneducated person lives a hard life.

D．Teachers and parents should tell the children everything they will meet.

你是李华。最近，很多杂志和报刊都在探讨“低碳生活”的理念，你对此很感兴趣。

【写作内容】

   请根据以下中文提纲，向《未来生活》报社专栏“Dear Ann”写一封信，表达自己对节约能源的理解。

1．我们需要适当改变我们的行为习惯

2．我们需要购买节能产品，减少使用时间

3、我们要多种树，降低温室气体对大气的影响

4．树木能吸收二氧化碳，有助抵消汽车尾气

5．我们要养成随手关灯的习惯；降低能源浪费

【写作要求】

       1．只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容

       2．开头和结尾已给出，不计算在5个句子之内

       3．参考词汇：carbon dioxide二氧化碳  atmosphere大气

【评分标准】

    句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

Dear Ann,

I’m writing to tell you about my opinion on what we can do to save energy for a better future.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　                   

In short, if everyone cares about our earth, our efforts will make a difference.

   Best wishes

                                                    Li Hua(请在答题纸上作答)