Some of the world’s most  famous persons have suffered a similar disability, such as Albert Einstein, the scientist; Thomas Edison, the inventor; Auguste Rodin, the artist．What disabled these three highly-intelligent （高智商的） men? Strange as it may seem, they all suffered from learning disabilities, the name given to a number of related learning disorders．

Persons with learning disabilities are of normal or higher intelligence．Yet they have great difficulty learning to read, write or use numbers．

Almost always, there is problem with one of the mental processes needed to understand or use written signs or spoken language．A learning-disabled child sees and hears perfectly well． Yet he or she is unable to recognize the differences in sizes, shapes or sounds that are easy for others to recognize．

Learning disabilities are very common．They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children．Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities．

Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better． Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things．There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from difference in the way the brain is organized． You can not look at a child and tell he or she has a learning disability．There is no outward（外部的） sign of the disorder． So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong．

In one study, researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person who had died in an accident．They found two unusual things．One involved cells（细胞）in the left side of the brain, which control language．These cells normally are white． In the learning-disabled person, however, these cells were gray．The researchers also found that many of the nerve（神经）cells were not in a line the way they should have been． The nerve cells were mixed together．

1．How can we learn whether a person has suffered from learning disabilities or not?

    A．By judging whether he or she sees or hears perfectly well．

    B．By checking if he or she is of normal or higher intelligence．

    C．By judging if he or she is the world’s most famous person．

    D．By judging whether he or she has any difficulty in recognizing the differences in sizes, shapes or sounds．

2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

    A．Among the children suffering from learning disabilities, girls are fewer than boys．

B．It is reported that many more girls have learning disabilities than boys．  

C．All the world’s famous persons have the chance to get the similar disorders． 

D．Most of the world’s famous persons have suffered from disabilities．

3． Why did researchers examine the brain of a learning-disabled person who died in an accident?

A．To try find out the cause of learning disabilities．

B．To see if the person had any outward sign of the disorder．

C．To check if the person is of normal or higher intelligence．

D．To find out if the person suffered from a learning disability．

4． If somebody has learning disability,               ．

A．his or her nerve cells are in a line the way they shouldn’t be  

B．the cells in the left side of the brain are gray and the nerve cells are not in a line

C．he or she has no difficulty in learning to read, write or use numbers

D．he or she is able to recognize the differences in sizes, shapes or sounds

完形填空

　　Einstein, a world-famous scientist, was often invited to make speeches though  1 people could understand.

　　Once on his way, his driver said, “Dr. Einstein, I've learned all your lectures by  2 . I'm sure I can repeat one without any  3 .”

　　Hearing this, Einstein said with a smile, “That's  4 . You can take my  5 . Luckily, nobody there  6 me. I'll pretend to be your  7 .”

　　The driver really pretended to be Einstein,   8 gave the lecture.

　　When he finished, an old professor with grey hair came  9 and said, “Dear Dr. Einstein, your lecture is  10 advanced that there are quite a few points I don't  11 . Would you please be so  12 as to give further explanation?”

　　The driver, being a quick-minded man, said, “your  13 are abstract (抽象)”.

　　“Perhaps my driver is  14 to help you.” And he  15 to the ‘driver’, “Would you please answer this question for  16 ?”

　　Having heard the thorough explanation  17 by the ‘driver’, the professor was much  18 . He stood dumbfounded and said to  19 , “His driver is so  20 , let alone (更不用说) Einstein himself.”

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完形填空

　　Einstein, a world-famous scientist, was often invited to make speeches though  1 people could understand.

　　Once on his way, his driver said, “Dr. Einstein, I've learned all your lectures by  2 . I'm sure I can repeat one without any  3 .”

　　Hearing this, Einstein said with a smile, “That's  4 . You can take my  5 . Luckily, nobody there  6 me. I'll pretend to be your  7 .”

　　The driver really pretended to be Einstein,   8 gave the lecture.

　　When he finished, an old professor with grey hair came  9 and said, “Dear Dr. Einstein, your lecture is  10 advanced that there are quite a few points I don't  11 . Would you please be so  12 as to give further explanation?”

　　The driver, being a quick-minded man, said, “your  13 are abstract (抽象)”.

　　“Perhaps my driver is  14 to help you.” And he  15 to the ‘driver’, “Would you please answer this question for  16 ?”

　　Having heard the thorough explanation  17 by the ‘driver’, the professor was much  18 . He stood dumbfounded and said to  19 , “His driver is so  20 , let alone (更不用说) Einstein himself.”

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Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What's more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.

In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1939, Einstein, who loved peace—afraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb—tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.

Although he wasn't connected with any accepted religion, Einstein felt that trust in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, "God may know everything, but he is not hateful."

47. From the passage we know that _______ .

A. no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century

B. Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time

C. Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States of America

D. Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons

48. If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would _______ .

A. have continued his scientific research

B. have won another Nobel Prize for physics

C. not have advised starting uranium research in the U.S.A.

D. not have moved to the U.S.A.

49. Einstein _______ in 1933.

A. visited England and the U.S.A. 　　　　 B. lost everything

C. became a man without a country 　　　　D. both A and C

50. Einstein believed that everything in the universe _______ .

A. was kept in order by its own law

B. had nothing to do with each other

C. happened in an irregular way

D. was made by the personal God.

Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What's more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.

In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1939, Einstein, who loved peace—afraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb—tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.

Although he wasn't connected with any accepted religion, Einstein felt that trust in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, "God may know everything, but he is not hateful."

【小题】. From the passage we know that _______ .

A. no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century

B. Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time

C. Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States of America

D. Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons

【小题2】 If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would _______ .

A. have continued his scientific research     B. have won another Nobel Prize for physics

C. not have advised starting uranium research in the U.S.A.

D. not have moved to the U.S.A.

【小题3】. Einstein _______ in 1933.

A. visited England and the U.S.A. 　　　　 B. lost everything

C. became a man without a country 　　　　D. both A and C

【小题4】 Einstein believed that everything in the universe _______ .

A. was kept in order by its own law  B. had nothing to do with each other

C. happened in an irregular way     D. was made by the personal God.