题目列表(包括答案和解析)
The ocean bottom, a region nearly 2．5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth, is even today largely unexplored．Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible and hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep．Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a strangeenvironment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the outer space．
Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks for over a century, the first detailed global study of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1969, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation’s Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP)．Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP’ s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep waters, taking samples of rock from the ocean floor．
The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983．During this time, it sailed 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 samples of rocks aroun d the world．Those samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to make out what it will probably look like millions of years in the fu ture, Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’ s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics （构造学）and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes．
The samples of rocks drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also provided a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years．The information of past climatic change can be used to predict future climates．
68．What does the underlined word “inaccessible” in line 3 means?
A．unrecognizable B．unreachable C．unusable D．unreasonable
69．Why does the author mention “outer space” in the first paragraph?
A．The Earth’s climate millions of years ago was similar to that in outer space．
B．It is similar to the ocean floor in being strange to the humans．
C．Rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor
D．Techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration
70．Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?
A．It is a type of submarine． B．It is an ongoing project．
C．It has gone on over 100 voyages． D．It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968．
71．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep sea Drilling Project?
A．Geologists were able to determine the Earth’s appearance millions of years ago．
B．Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists．
C．Geologists observed forms of life never before seen
D．Information was revealed about the Earth’s past climatic changes．
The ocean bottom, a region nearly 2．5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth, is even today largely unexplored．Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible and hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep．Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a strangeenvironment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the outer space．
Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks for over a century, the first detailed global study of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1969, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation’s Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP)．Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP’ s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep waters, taking samples of rock from the ocean floor．
The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983．During this time, it sailed 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 samples of rocks aroun d the world．Those samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to make out what it will probably look like millions of years in the fu ture, Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’ s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics （构造学）and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes．
The samples of rocks drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also provided a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years．The information of past climatic change can be used to predict future climates．
68．What does the underlined word “inaccessible” in line 3 means?
A．unrecognizable B．unreachable C．unusable D．unreasonable
69．Why does the author mention “outer space” in the first paragraph?
A．The Earth’s climate millions of years ago was similar to that in outer space．
B．It is similar to the ocean floor in being strange to the humans．
C．Rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor
D．Techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration
70．Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?
A．It is a type of submarine． B．It is an ongoing project．
C．It has gone on over 100 voyages． D．It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968．
71．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep sea Drilling Project?
A．Geologists were able to determine the Earth’s appearance millions of years ago．
B．Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists．
C．Geologists observed forms of life never before seen
D．Information was revealed about the Earth’s past climatic changes．
B
Every year 2. 2 million tons of oil are put into the ocean and this oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills(溢出) in history were caused by oil tankers(油轮) running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean. 
After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future.
One of the worst oil spills in history happened along the Alaskan（阿拉斯加） coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the rock, the ship leaked(泄漏) oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 others died when the oil covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals.
The most oil ever spilled was in 1990. As part of the Iraq war plan, 900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian(波斯的) Gulf by Iraq. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil on the water was 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to（肯定会） cause problems far into the future.
45. Oil spills have terrible effect on________.
A. ocean life B. the coastline
C. both ocean life and the coastline D. the bottom of the ocean
46. Why did the third mate run the tanker aground(搁浅地) in this accident?
A. He was tired. B. He did not know the area well.
C. He was drunk. D. He was talking on the phone.
47. According to the writer, ________.
A. the accident along the Alaskan coastline was the worst oil spill in history
B. Iraq poured oil into the the Persian Gulf on purpose
C. the effects of Iraq’s act in the Persian Gulf War have been seen fully
D. oil put into the sea by Iraq in the war was the worst accident in history
48. Which of the following is the best title for this text?
A. The Worst Oil Spill B. Pollution
C. The Persian Gulf War D. Oil Spill
| 完形填空。 | ||||
| This year 1 the 100th anniversary of the sinking of the Titanic. Like some American 2 in the 2008 financial crisis, the ship was thought to be "too big to 3 ". But the banks failed and the Titanic failed.. .spectacularly! After hitting an iceberg, it plunged to the bottom of the 4 Ocean. In less than three hours, the "unsinkable" ship was just a wreck and over1,500 people were dead. Most of us know the story of the Titanic from watching the James Cameron film. It's now been released in a 3D version and new audiences can see the tragic event 5 and be moved by the love story of the two main characters, Jack and Rose. But Titanic is 6 a love story; it's the story of 7 ordinary people react when faced with 8 circumstances. In 1852, the HMS Birkenhead foundered on rocks near the coast of South Africa. The British ship was carrying soldiers, and also many women and children. There weren't enough 9 for everyone so the order was given, "women and children first." 10 the women and children were being saved, the soldiers stood at attention on deck and, 11 , went down with the ship. They faced their death with bravery and 12 . The 13 , "women and children first," became the standard on all British ships and it's exactly what happened on the Titanic. The ship's crew and many passengers realized that they would not be saved, 14 they did not panic. They helped others or 15 calmly for the icy death they knew was inevitable. In the movie, we see the ship's musicians playing to help 16 the passengers. We see the ship's officers keeping order as the lifeboats are loaded. And we see British gentlemen "keeping their heads" as all about them are losing theirs. No one knows how they will react in the face of a disaster. It all 17 one's character. Remarkably, most people behave well. We have seen this in America's 911, in the 2008 Sichuan 18 and in Japan last year. 19 such as the Titanic will happen, but the character of good people is 20 . | ||||
|
B
Every year 2. 2 million tons of oil are put into the ocean and this oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills(溢出) in history were caused by oil tankers(油轮) running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean.
After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future.
One of the worst oil spills in history happened along the Alaskan（阿拉斯加） coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the rock, the ship leaked(泄漏) oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 others died when the oil covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals.
The most oil ever spilled was in 1990. As part of the Iraq war plan, 900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian(波斯的) Gulf by Iraq. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil on the water was 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to（肯定会） cause problems far into the future.
45. Oil spills have terrible effect on________.
A. ocean life B. the coastline
C. both ocean life and the coastline D. the bottom of the ocean
46. Why did the third mate run the tanker aground(搁浅地) in this accident?
A. He was tired. B. He did not know the area well.
C. He was drunk. D. He was talking on the phone.
47. According to the writer, ________.
A. the accident along the Alaskan coastline was the worst oil spill in history
B. Iraq poured oil into the the Persian Gulf on purpose
C. the effects of Iraq’s act in the Persian Gulf War have been seen fully
D. oil put into the sea by Iraq in the war was the worst accident in history
48. Which of the following is the best title for this text?
A. The Worst Oil Spill B. Pollution
C. The Persian Gulf War D. Oil Spill
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