Today, when a man steps on to the moon, or something new and important happens, the world learns about it immediately. What did the newspapers say about that first flight in 1903? Strangely enough, they said hardly anything about it at all. There were only a few reports about it in the papers. These reports said very little. Some of the things they said were not even correct.

　　In 1904 the Wrights built a second machine. They called it "Flyer No. Two". They invited some reporters to a field near Dayton to watch them fly. Unfortunately there was some mechanical （机械的）trouble with the plane and it did not fly at all that day. The newspapermen went away. They were disappointed and did not come back. The Wrights went on with their work. In 1905, they built an even better machine, "Flyer No. Three". They were able to stay upon the air for half an hour and more in the machine and they were able to turn and climb in the air. Farmers and travelers on the road around Dayton often saw them flying. But when these people told newspapermen about it, they refused to believe them.

　　The Wrights offered "Flyer No. Three" to the United States govern ment. The government was not interested. They seemed to think the Wrights wanted money in order to build a plane. They did not understand the Wrights had already done this, and flown it as well. Experts were still saying that mechanical flight was impossible. At the end of 1905, the two brothers took their plane to pieces. The parts were put into a huge wooden box. It seemed nobody was interested.

　　1．The reports about the first flight________

　　　　A. were not carried in any newspaper

　　　　B. said nothing

　　　　C. were quite different from the fact

　　　　D. were not quite correct

　　2．Newspapermen didn't believe what farmers and travelers said because_______

　　　　A. they didn't see "Flyer No. Three" flying

　　　　B. they saw the Wrights failed to fly "Flyer No. Two"

　　　　C. they had never seen a machine that can fly

　　　　D. all the above

　　3．The U. S. government could not understand that __________

　　　　A. the Wrights had already built a machine that could fly

　　　　B. experts still thought flight was impossible

　　　　C. the Wrights wanted more money to build an airplane

　　　　D. "Flyer No. Three" was then in a woken case

　　4．The Wrights took their plane to pieces because ________.

　　　　A. they planned to leave for Europe

　　　　B. nobody was interested

　　　　C. the government didn't give them any money

　　　　D. the newspapermen didn't report their flights

Every country has its own dining customs. Americans feel that the first rule of being a　 __36__　 guest is to be on time. If a person is invited to dinner at six thirty，the hostess　 __37__　 him to be there at six thirty or　 __38__　 a few minutes after. Because she usually does the cooking, she has to time the meal　 __39__ the hot rolls and the coffee and the meat can be at their best when the guests come. If they are late，the food will not be so　 __40__，and the hostess will be　 __41__.__42__ the guest cannot come on time, he should call his host or hostess on the phone, give the reason，and tell　 __43__ what time he can come.　 __44__the situations, guests sometimes bring a box of candy, a bottle of wine or a bunch of flowers to give to the hostess as a　 __45__ of appreciation.

As guests continue to arrive, it is usually considered polite for the　 __46__ in the group to　 __47__ when a woman enters the room and continue to stand until she is seated.　 __48__， most young people and some groups of elder people　 __49__　 stress equality of the sexes no longer observe the custom. A visitor should be　 __50__to each situation and follow the lead of the Americans present.

When the guests sit down at a dinner table，it is a　 __51__ for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them. However，some Americans　 __52__ do this, so the visitors must notice what others do and do the　 __53__.__54__ the meal is under way and if the dinner is in a private home，a guest　 __55__ avoid embarrassment by leaving talk to someone else.

36．A.polite 　　　 B．elegant C．honored 　　　 D．serious

37．A.tells　 　　　 B．expects C．asks 　　 D．hopes

38．A.at most　 B．less than 　C．at least D．more than

39．A.in case 　　 B．as long as C．so that D．on condition that

40．A.tender　 　 B．nutritious 　C．good 　　 D．enough

41．A.angry 　　 B．nervous 　C．shameful 　　 D．disappointed

42．A.If 　　 B．Unless 　C．Whether 　　　 D．Although

43．A.at　 　 B．in C．on D．about

44．A.Looking at 　　 B．Combined with C．Depending on 　　 D．Related to

45．A.matter 　　 B．heart C．sense 　 D．sign

46．A.host　 　　　 B．men 　C．hostess D．women

47．A.smile　 　　 B．stand 　C．applaud D．nod

48．A.As a result　 　 B．Moreover C．In addition 　 D．However

49．A.whose　 　 B．what C．who 　　 D．which

50．A.aware 　　 B．similar C．active 　 D．sensitive

51．A.custom　 　　　 B．regulation C．habit 　　 D．principle

52．A.even　 　 B．no longer C．still 　　　 D．no more

53．A.following　　 B．same C．deed　 　 D．example

54．A.Unless 　　 B．Until C．While 　 D．After

55．A.shouldn't B．must 　C．needn't D．may

完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

  When Wilson got to the airport, 36 flight was already being called 37 the loudspeakers. The day before he had given up his 38 for a morning flight and had booked（预定）an afternoon 39 instead. He had to go to the reservations（预定）desk to collect his 40ticket.

　　He apologized for being 41.The reservations clerk（预订票的职员）smiled and began to look through the reservations in front of her. Then her 42 disappeared and 43 began to look 44 .

　　“Your ticket doesn’t seem to be here, ” she said. “Let me check it with the computer. ”The　45 clicked（滴答声）and whirred（飕飕声）and 46 began to flash 47 , his flight was called a second time. Wilson became very 48 .  49 the girl looked 50 .

　　“There’s been a mistake. Your new ticket was sent to you by post. That’s why it isn’t here”, she said. 51 took her only a 52 time to write 53 a new one. Wilson managed to catch the plane just before it took 54 . “What a way to start a 55 !” he thought.

A. he 　　　　B. his　　　　  C. him 　　　　  D. her

A. up 　　　　B. with 　　　  C. over 　　　   D. out

A. ticket 　　  B. wallet　　　 C. money　　　  D. plane

A. plane　　　 B. ticket　　　  C. flight　　　   D. fight

A. first　　　  B. new　　　　 C. old　　　　   D. another

A. later　　　  B. late　　　　 C. last　　　　   D. early

A. smile　　　 B. smiling　　   C. smiled 　　   D. laugh

A. he　　　　  B. his 　　　　 C. her 　　　　  D. she

A. happy 　　  B. angry 　　　 C. sad 　　　    D. worried

A. flight 　    B. loudspeakers  C. clerk 　　     D. computer

A. lights 　    B. light 　　　  C. flight 　　    D. computer

A. just 　　    B. just then 　   C. then 　　　  D. when

A. angry　　   B. happy 　　　 C. nervous 　 　 D. sad

A. Finally 　   B. Last 　　　  C. Then 　　　   D. Just

A. at 　　　   B. down 　　　  C. up 　　　　  D. out

A. That 　　   B. It 　　　　   C. She 　　　　 D. He

A. long　　　  B. short　　　   C. some 　　　  D. few

A. down 　　  B. out　　　　   C. away 　　　  D. of

A. off 　　　  B. out　　　　   C. away　　　　 D. place

A. travel 　    B. work 　　　  C. job 　　　　  D. holiday

B
As a result of pollution, Lake Erie, on the borders of the USA and Canada, is now without any living things.
Pollution in water is not simply a matter of “poisons” killing large numbers of fish overnight, Very often the effects of pollution are not noticed for many months or years because the first organisms（生物体）to be affected are either plants or plankton(浮游生物). But these organisms are the food of fish and birds and other creatures. When this food disappears, the fish and birds die too. In this way a whole food chain can be wiped out, and it’s not until dead fish and water birds are seen at the river’s edge or on the seashore that people realize what is happening.
　　Where do the substances which pollute the water come from? There are two main sources of sewage（下水道污物）and industrial waste. As more detergent（洗涤剂）is used in the home, so more of it is finally put into our rivers, lakes and seas. Detergents harm water birds, dissolving the natural substances which keep their feathers water-proof (防水). Sewage itself, if not properly treated, makes the water dirty and prevents all forms of life in rivers and the sea from receiving the oxygen they need. Industrial waste is even more harmful as there are many highly poisonous things in it, such as copper and lead.
　　So, if we want to stop this pollution, the answer is simple: sewage and industrial waste must be made clear before flowing into the water. It may already be too late to save some rivers and lakes, but others can still be saved if the correct action is taken at once.
70. Pollution of water is noticed________.
　　A. when the first organisms are affected　     
B. when a good many fish and birds die
　　C. when poisonous things are poured into water　
D. as soon as the balance of nature is destroyed
71.The living things die because there is no ________in the lake or river.
　　A. water　　　　　            B. fish           　 C. poison　　　　　  D. oxygen
72. Which of the following is harmful according to the passage?
　　A. Organisms              　B. Plants and plankton in the water
　　C. Waste water from cleaning    D. Industrial waste made clear before flowing into the water
73. The way to stop water pollution is to________.
　　A. realize the serious situation clearly
　　B. put oxygen into the river
　　C. make the waste material harmless before flowing into the water
　　D. make special room in the sea for our rubbish

Thirty- two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right below their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one’s fellowman?

　　“Not so,”say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to research into the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency（紧急情况）. Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side - walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma（昏迷） from a headache? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk? Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak（漏洞）in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible（负责任的）. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.

　　The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested.”Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The researchers started them off on the “tests.”Then they went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room”and the room into which they went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of bookshelves falling and a cry for help. All of this had been prerecorded on a tape recorder.

　　Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.

　　In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.

　　Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were shocked, they sweated, and they had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.

60. The purpose of this passage is ________.

　A. to explain why people fail to act in emergencies

　B. to explain when people will act in emergencies

　C. to explain what people will do in emergencies

D. to explain how people feel in emergencies

61. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.

　　B. When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth his help.

　　C. A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.

　　D. A person with a heart attack needs the most.

62. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that ________.

　 A. they are afraid of emergencies

　 B. they are not willing to get themselves involved

　 C. others will act if they themselves hesitate

D. they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help

63. The author suggests that ________.

　　A. we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to act in emergencies

　　B. a person must feel guilty if he fails to help

　　C. people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies

D. when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway