Although English is not as old as Chinese , it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always creating new words and we are often able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes, however, no one may really know where a word comes from.  Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham?  About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe.  They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg.  They didn’t speak good English, but they ate good food.  When some Americans saw them eating round piece of beef, they asked the Germans what it was.  The Germans didn’t understand the question and answered, “We come from Hamburg.”  One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea.  He cooked some round piece of bread and started selling them.  Such bread came to be called “hamburgers”.  Today, “hamburgers” are sold in many countries around the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is interesting.  Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting, too.  This reason, for most English words, can be found in any large English dictionary.
【小题1】Hamburg is ____________

“Old wives’ tales” are beliefs passed from one generation to another. For example, most of us remember our parents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.

Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic(蒜) is good for you, too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.

Unfortunately, not all of Mom’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.

Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated(积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.

1.The author develops the third paragraph mainly         .

A. by cause and effect          B. by order in space

C. by examples                  D. by order in time

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.

B. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.

C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.

D. Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth.

3.What is the author’s attitude toward “old wives’ tales” in the text?

A. Objective.     B. Subjective.        C. Dissatisfied.        D. Curious.

4.The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means “      .”

A. to be valuable           B. to be believable

C. to be admirable          D. to be suitable

When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings. Week by week her list 【小题1】 : I was very thin; I wasn’t a 【小题2】 student; I talked too much; I was too 【小题3】, always feeling superior to(胜过) others, and so on. I tried to hear all as long as I could. 【小题4】, I became very angry. I ran to my father with 【小题5】 in my eyes.
He listened to me 【小题6】 , and then he asked,“Are the things she says true or not? Janet, don’t you ever wonder 【小题7】 you’re really like? Well, you now have that girl’s 【小题8】 . Go and 【小题9】a list of everything she said and mark the points that are 【小题10】 . Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did【小题11】he told me. To my great 【小题12】, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t 【小题13】 (like being very thin),but a good number I could--- and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I went to a fairly 【小题14】 picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He 【小题15】to take it.“That’s just for you,” he said，“You know 【小题16】 than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to 【小题17】, not just close your ears in anger, feeling 【小题18】 when something said about you is true, you will find it of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your affairs. Don’t shut your 【小题19】. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”
Daddy’s advice has always 【小题20】 to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.

“Old wives’ tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example，most of us remember our parents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking，but others have not passed the test of time.
Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic is good for you，too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.
Unfortunately, not all of Mom’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems？Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains(谷物) tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold_water,_there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.
【小题1】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

Although English is not as 0old as Chinese it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always creating（创造）new words, and we should be able to know where most words come from.

         Sometimes, however, no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham（火腿）? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They did not speak good English. But they ate good food. When some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef（牛肉）,they asked the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, “We came from Hamburg.” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He cooked some round pieces of beef like what the men from Hamburger ate. Then he put them between two pieces of bread and started selling them. Today “hamburgers” are sold in many countries around the world.

         Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is interesting. Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting, too. The reason may be found in any large English dictionary.

1. According to the writer, English ___    _.

         A. is as old as Chinese                                 B. is older than German

         C. is not so old as Chinese                          D. is very difficult to learn

2.Hamburger is___    _.

         A. a kind of food                                       B. a round piece of beef

         C. the name of a village                               D. a city in Germany

3.According to the story, ___    __.

         A. few Americans like hamburgers

         B. hamburgers are made with beef

         C. hamburgers are made with ham

         D. Hamburgers were sold all over the world about a century ago.

4.According to the writer, which of the following can be found in any large English dictionary?

         A. Where all the new words come from.

         B. Where those Germans came from.

         C. The reason why any word has a certain meaning.

         D. The reason why English is spoken around the world.

5.According to the story, the word “hamburgers” comes from_____   __.

         A. China because it has a long history.

         B. England because Germans don’t speak good English.

         C. The round pieces of beef those people from Hamburg brought to America.

         D. English speakers because they always create new words.