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[1]Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is “What's your name？”. Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct. Have you ever wondered about people's names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?

[2]People's first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents ___________________. A boy could be named George Washington Smith；a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.

[3]Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”； Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”；Donald means “world ruler”； Leonard means “as brave as a lion”．

[4]The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook (小溪); someone who was called Longstreet probably Lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.

[5]Other early surnames came from people's occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important  workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are：Carter—a person who owned or drove a cart；Potter—a person who made pots and pans. The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbours in their native village. The Carpenter's great­great­great­grandfather probably built houses and furniture.

[6]Sometimes_people_were_known_for_the_colour_of_their_hair_or_skin，or_their_size，or_their_special_abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.

[7]Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name. English­speaking people added ­s or ­son. The Johnsons are descendants of John;  the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert. Irish and  Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of  the MacDonnells and the McDonneils and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.

1.What is the best title of the passage? (no more than10 words)

_______________________________________________________

2.Please fill in the blank in the 2nd paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(no more than 10 words)

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3.According to the passage, what job did the ancestors of the Potter family most probably do?

_______________________________________________________

4.List three aspects that the surnames cover in the passage.

(1)___________　(2)___________　(3)___________

5.Translate the underlined sentence in the 6th paragraph into Chinese.

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At a primary school Manning， Carolina， second-grade teacher David Chadwell believed that segregating(隔离) elementary-age boys and girls produces immediate academic improvement—in both genders. “Although this is a tendency， we can teach boys and girls based on what we now know.”

“They see differently. Literally，” he begins. Male and female eyes are not organized in the same way， he explains. The composition of the male eye makes it attuned(协调) to motion and direction. “Boys interpret the world as objects moving through space，” he says. “The teacher should move around the room constantly and be that object.”

The male eye is also drawn to cooler colors like silver， blue， black， grey， and brown. It’s no accident boys tend to create pictures of moving objects like spaceships， cars， and trucks in dark colors instead of drawing the happy colorful family， like girls in their class.

The female eye， on the other hand， is drawn to textures and colors. It’s also oriented toward warmer colors—reds， yellows， oranges—and visuals with more details， like faces. To engage girls， Chadwell says， the teacher doesn’t need to move as much， if at all. Girls work well in circles， facing each other. Using descriptive phrases and lots of color in overhead presentations or on the chalkboard gets their attention.

Boys and girls also hear differently. “When someone speaks in a loud tone， girls interpret it as yelling，” Chadwell says. “They think you’re mad and can shut down.” Girls have a more finely tuned aural structure； they can hear higher frequencies than boys and are more sensitive to sounds. He advises girls’ teachers to watch the tone of their voices. Boys’ teachers should sound matter of fact， even excited.

A boy’s autonomic nervous system causes them to be more alert when they’re standing， moving， and the room temperature is around 69 degrees. Stress in boys， he says， tends to increase blood flow to their brains， a process that helps them stay focused. This won’t work for girls， who are more focused seated in a warmer room around 75 degrees. Girls also respond to stress differently. When they are exposed to threat and confrontation， blood goes to their guts(内脏)， leaving them feeling nervous or anxious.

“Boys will rise to a risk and tend to overestimate their abilities，” he says. “Teachers can help them by getting them to be more realistic about results. Girls at this age shy away from risk， which is exactly why lots of girls’ programs began in the private sector. Teachers can help them learn to take risks in an atmosphere where they feel confident about doing so.”

Title：  Primary students learn 1.　　　　　

David’s belief ,Once we segregate elementary-age students， they will have the   tendency  to learn2.　　　　　. Differences between boys and girls, Sight ,Boys’ eyes are sensitive to 3.. 　　　　　　　　　　 and are drawn to cooler colors.

It is textures and   4.　　　　　　　 of objects that   attract   girls. Hearing ,Comparatively speaking， girls can hear 5.　　　　　　 and are more sensitive to sounds. They would interpret a loud tone as 6.　　　.Nervous system, Stress in boys tends to increase blood flow to their7.　　　， which helps them  keep 8.　　　　. Boys often overestimate their abilities and are brave in face of the risk. 

When girls are exposed to 9.　　　　　　　　　　　　， blood goes to their guts， leaving them feeling10.　　　　　　　　. Girls at this age in many cases will shyly avoid  dealing with risk. SECTION B (10 marks)

1　 there, don’t try to speak English perfectly, 　2 if you do so, no one will understand you. In London ninety-nine in every hundred people speak 　3 English. You may say that 　4 they don’t speak English well themselves, they can 　5 understand it when it is well spoken. They　 6 when the speaker is English. But when the speaker is a 　7 , the better he speaks, the 　8 it is to understand him.

No foreigner can 　9 stress(重读) the syllables(音节) and make the tone(声调) 　10 and fall in question and 　11 exactly as a 　12 does. 　13 the first thing you have to do is to speak with a strong 　14 accent, and speak broken, that is, English without any 　15 . Then every English person you 　16 will at once know you are a foreigner, and try to understand you and be ready to 　17 you. He will not 　18 you to be polite and use grammatical phrases. He will be 　19 by his cleverness in making out(弄清) your 　20 and being able to tell what you want to know.

1. A. settled　　　 B. heard　　　 C. understood　 D. known

2. A. because　　　 B. unless　　　 C. whatever　　 D. for

3. A. American　　 B. bad　　　　 C. standard　　 D. no

4. A. because　　　 B. since　　　 C. when　　　　 D. even if

5. A. hardly　　　 B. really　　　 C. at least　　 D. at most

6. A. say　　　　　 B. can　　　　 C. think　　　　 D. hope

7. A. foreigner　　 B. native　　　 C. Londoner　　 D. traveler

8. A. better　　　 B. easier　　　 C. harder　　　 D. clearer

9. A. never　　　　 B. even　　　　 C. ever　　　　 D. only

10. A. right　　　 B. exact　　　 C. raise　　　　 D. rise

11. A. request　　 B. answer　　　 C. sentence　　 D. phrase

12. A. native　　　 B. foreigner　 C. child　　　　 D. reporter

13. A. While　　　 B. Although　　 C. Because　　　 D. Therefore

14. A. London　　　 B. British　　 C. foreign　　　 D. country

15. A. grammar　　 B. mistake　　 C. expression　 D. word

16. A. know　　　　 B. see　　　　 C. look for　　 D. speak with

17. A. welcome　　 B. help　　　　 C. teach　　　　 D. praise

18. A. expect　　　 B. scold　　　 C. show　　　　 D. think

19. A. strict　　　 B. surprised　 C. pleased　　　 D. praised

20. A. way　　　　 B. meaning　　 C. mistake　　　 D. country

Every Chinese-language textbook starts out with the standard phrases for greeting people; but as an American, I always found myself 　1 to speak freely when it came to seeing guests off at the door. Just a good-bye would not do, yet that was all I had ever learned from the 　2 books. So I would smile and nod, bowing like a Japanese and searching madly for words that would 　3 over the visitor's leaving and make them feel they would be welcome to come again. In my unease, I often hid behind the skirts of my Chinese husband's kindness.

Then finally, listening to others, I began to pick up the phrases that 　4 relationships and sent people off not only successfully but also skillfully.

5 for the Chinese includes a lot of necessary habitual practice. Although as a 　foreigner, I'm not expected to observe or even know all the rules, I've had to learn the expressions of politeness and 　6 at a leaving-taking.

The Chinese feel they 　7 see a guest off to the farthest possible point-down the flight of stairs to the street below or perhaps all the way to the nearest bus stop. I've sometimes waited half an hour or more for my husband to return from seeing a guest off, 8 he's gone to the bus stop and waited for the bus to arrive.

That's very well, but when I'm the guest being seen off, my protests are always 　9 . My hostess or host, or both, insists on 　10 me down the stairs and well on my way, with my repeating the “Don't 　11 to see me off at the every landing”. If I try to go fast to 　12 them from following, they are simply out to the discomfort of having to run after me. Better to accept the inevitable (不可避免的).

Besides, that’s going against Chinese 　13 , because haste (doing things quickly) is to be avoided. What do you say when you 　14 someone？Not “farewell or Godspeed (祝福)”, but “Go slowly”. To the Chinese it means “Take care” or “Watch your 15 ”,or some such caution, but translated literally it means “Go slowly.”

1. A. easy　 B. difficult　　　 　 C. unable　　 　 D. effective

2.A.useful 　 B. terrible　　　 C. priceless 　 D. proper

3.A.smooth　 B. talk　　　　 C. calm　　　 　 D. take

4.A.speeded　　 B. broke　　　　 C. destroyed　 　 D. eased

5.A.Parting　　 B. Leaving　　　 C. Separating D. Interviewing

6.A.protest　　 B. refuse　　　 C. explain　 D. state

7.A.can　　　　 B. will　　　　 　 C. may　　　 D. must

8.A.although　　 B. unless　　　 C. if　　　　　　 D. since

9.A.effective　 B. unnecessary C. useless　 D. troublesome

10.A.leading　　 B. seeing　　　 C. inviting　　　 D. pushing

11.A.trouble　　 B. have　　　 　 C. decide　　　　 D. walk

12.A.protect　　 B. keep　　　 　 C. discourage　　 D. dismiss

13.A.rule　　　 B. custom　　 　 C. design　　　　 D. opinion

14.A.meet with　 B. talk with　　 C. part from　　 D. call on

15.A.foot　　　 B. health　　　 C. shoe　　　　　 D. step