The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.

　　An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as “beri-beri”, which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted（传播）by a germ（病菌）. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.

　　Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.

　　Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice（糙米）somehow prevented or cured beri-beri — even that a lack of some ingredient（成分）in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.

1.According to the passage, a good mixed diet ________.

A．is suitable for losing weight	B．should be only fruits and vegetables
C．normally contains enough vitamins	D．is often difficult to arrange

2.What do we know about the disease beri-beri?

A．It killed large numbers of people.	B．It resulted from lack of vitamins.
C．It was transmitted by milled rice.	D．It was caused by diseased chickens.

3.What can be the best title of the passage?

A．A Good Mixed Diet	B．New Discovery
C．The Dangers of Beri-beri	D．The Importance of Vitamins

 

Everyone experiences stress at work, but how we cope with it varies. Feeling that you’ve been unfairly treated can be particularly stressful. Researchers believe that failure to express feelings about unfair treatment at work could have serious consequences on your health, especially men, who bottle up their anger at being unfairly treated at work, are up to 5 times more likely to suffer a heart attack, or even die from one, than those who let their frustration （沮丧） show, a Swedish study has found.
The study by the Stress Research Institute of Stockholm University followed 2,755 employed men who had not suffered any heart attacks. At the end of the study, 47 participants had either suffered an attack, or died from heart disease, and many of those had been found to be covertly coping with unfair treatment at work.
“After adjustment for age, socioeconomic factors, risk behaviors, job strain and biological risk factors at baseline, there was a close-response relationship between covert coping and the risk of incident death,” the study’s authors wrote.
Covert coping was listed as “letting thing pass without saying anything” and “going away” despite feelings of being hard done by colleagues or bosses. Men who often used these coping techniques had a two to five times higher risk of developing heart disease than those who were more confrontational (对抗性的) at work, the study showed.
The researchers said they could not answer the question of what might be a particularly healthy coping strategy at work, but listed open coping behavior when experiencing unfair treatment or facing a conflict as “protesting directly,” “talking to the person right away,” “yelling at the person right away” or “speaking to the person later when things have calmed down.” The study was published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
【小题1】The study mainly shows that 　　   　 .

A．women are less likely to suffer a heart attack than men

B．most people die of heart disease caused by stress

C．covert coping may result in certain heart trouble

D．employers should treat their workers equally

【小题2】Which of the following contributes to the accuracy of the study?

A．The participants were all employed men.

B．The participants tend to bottle up their temper.

C．The participants should not have risk behaviors.

D．The participants had not a history of heart attacks.

【小题3】 According to the text, if treated unfairly a confrontational person will 　　   　 .

A．just let it be

B．fight back immediately

C．go away silently

D．work even harder

【小题4】The last paragraph is intended to tell readers 　　 .

A．that the study is official

B．what the healthiest coping strategy is

C．what the helpful ways of handling unfair treatment are

D．that confrontation is always beneficial to people’s heart health

With only a click of the mouse, rumors can be forwarded between microblogs very quickly. As an example, recently, perceptive netizens discovered that some photos displayed on microblogs depicting Beijing’s June rainstorm had actually been fabricated.

Sina.com is one of the major internet portals(门户网站) in China with hundreds and thousands of users, and a majority of celebrities and renowned citizens have their microblog accounts on this portal. As recently as six months ago, the website decided to establish a specialized team to verify rumors and provide accurate information for its users. Tan Chao is in charge of the team.

“Before I took the job, I usually couldn’t identify what information was real and what was fake. But during the rumor verification process, we discovered that a lot of information was false, including fake photos, fake news stories and rumors that had been spread through microblogs.”

It‘s not just website portals which are taking on fact-checking responsibilities, but also a number of civic-minded netizens, who recently set up a Rumor Verification Federation on Sina.com’s microblog system to help netizens identify fake information online.

　　Dianzizheng is the team leader of the federation. He says they’ve publicized more than 150 pieces which refute rumors, which attracted more than 10 thousand visitors within two months.

　　“We live in an age of new media, so we can’t use the old methods to verify rumors. We can’t wait for the media to verify the facts with related administrative departments and then release a formal announcement. We can’t allow rumors to run rampant and then deal with it, we need to fight rumors while they’re spreading. I think that this is the best way to deal with rumors nowadays.”

　　Some experts say this demonstrates the advantages of the internet compared to other traditional media. The open platform allows information to be examined and clarified by netizens. But experts like Ding Wenguo, President of the Journalism and Communication College at the China University of Political Science and Law says this self-correction function of the internet is still quite limited.

　　“It’s still quite difficult to tell which information is true in such an open environment by just reading a number of different opinions on the same issue. This is something which we need to pay attention to. If society is deluged with too much false information, and it’s allowed to spread in such a fast manner, then people will be suspicious of all kinds of information including important information from authorities. It also exacerbates(恶化) problems relating to social communications and mutual-understanding, which in turn harms society as a whole.”

　　Experts suggest that the government should react more quickly in the internet age. Once a rumor begins to spread, administrative departments should make announcements as early as possible to dispel rumors before they lead to bad outcomes.

1.Sina.com decided to found a specialized team to ____.

A. limit the number of microblogs    

B. advance the development of microblogs

C. prevent the spread of rumors on the Internet      

D. urge the government to react quickly to the rumors

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A. All the rumors have been spread through microblogs.

B. Sina.com is the most popular Internet portal in China.

C. The photos displayed on microblogs might be fake.

D. Traditional media tend to get rumors examined and clarified.

3.The underlined word "fabricated" in the first paragraph can be replaced by "__". 

A. dug out      B. made up               C. got round                 D. given away

4.What is the best way to prove rumors on microblogs?

A. Examining and checking while they are spreading.

B. Substituting the Internet for traditionally media.

C. Shutting down the website immediately.

D. Making announcements after they are spread.

5.The writer cited Ding Wenguo's words in Paragraph 8 to __. 

A. draw a conclusion            B. support an argument

C. introduce a topic          D. describe a scene

 

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。

　　Miss White was the owner of a little bakery．She was forty years old，and she was not married．

　　A customer who came to Miss White's bakery two or three times a week had never asked for any good bread，but，strangely enough，he wanted only two pieces of old and dry bread each time．

　　One day Miss White found on the customer's finger red and brown dirt．

　　She guessed that the customer probably was a poor artist．He lived in an old house，where he painted pictures and ate dry bread．Miss White，a woman with a kind heart，noticed that the customer began to look thinner and very sad，so she wanted to do something for him．

　　As usual the customer came again and ordered two pieces of dry bread．Suddenly a fire car came by with a great sound．When the customer hurried to the door to look，Miss White quickly cut the bread with a knife and put a lot of butter into it．She covered the bread with paper before the customer turned back to the counter（柜台）．Not long after，the customer returned and shouted angry words with Miss White．“I'll kill you．You have made my picture waste．I have been working hard for three months drawing a picture for a new city hall．I always make my drawing in pencil first，and when it's done，I cleaned the pencil lines with dry and hard bread pieces．”

　　Hearing that，Miss White knew how foolish her kind heart was．

1．A bakery was a place where ________．

[　　]

A．paper was made

B．pictures were painted

C．colors were sold

D．bread was made and sold

2．The customer only bought hard and dry bread because ________．

[　　]

A．he cleaned the pencil lines with it

B．he liked to eat it

C．Miss White only sold it

D．he was very poor

3．In the end，we know that the artist's drawing must be ________．

[　　]

4．The story shows that Miss White was ________．

[　　]