Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices, so setting up a firm home market and making it possible to provide for export（出口）at good prices. By drawing attention to new ideas, it helps greatly to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand, it causes an increased need for labor, and is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television program would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or subway would cost more.

　　And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament（国会）govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for the public has the good sense not to buy the poor goods more than once. If you see a product frequently advertised, it is the proof I know that the product does what is promised for it, and that it has good value.

　　Advertising does more for the good of the public than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was telling us the real difference. Of course advertising tries to persuade.

　　If its message were nothing but information, that would be difficult to get more people to buy, for even the choice of the color of a shirt is a bit persuasive（有说服力的）--advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.

(1) By the first sentence of the passage the writer means that ________.

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A．he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising

B．everybody knows well that advertising is a waste of money

C．advertising costs more money than everything else

D．money on advertising is worth spending

(2) In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?

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(3) The writer thinks that the well-known TV person is ________.

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A．quite right in passing his judgement on advertising

B．interested in nothing but the buyers' attention

C．correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information

D．obviously unfair in his views on advertising

(4) In the writer's opinion, ________.

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A．advertising can seldom bring material interest to man by providing information

B．advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over

C．there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer

D．the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisement

The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
　　As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment（承担的义务）, self - improvement.
　　Ask a bachelor（单身汉） why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
　　Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three - day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
　　Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
【小题1】According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because ____________ .

A．he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities

B．he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single

C．he finds more fun in dating than in marriage

D．he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement

【小题2】Raising children, in the author’s opinion is ____________ .

A．a moral duty

B．a thankless job

C．a rewarding task

D．a source of inevitable pain

【小题3】From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ____________ .

A．hatred

B．misunderstanding

C．prejudice

D．ignorance

【小题4】To understand what true happiness is one must ____________ .

A．have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime

B．make every effort to liberate oneself from pain

C．put up with pain under all circumstances

D．be able to distinguish happiness from fun

【小题5】What is the author trying to tell us?

A．Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain．

B．One must know how to attain happiness.

C．It is important to make commitments.

D．It is pain that leads to happiness.

完形填空

　　As Christmas is coming, there are presents to be bought, cards to be sent, and rooms to be cleaned. Parents are filled with 1 jobs of hiding presents from 2 young children. If the gifts are large, this is sometimes a real 3 . On Christmas Eve, young children find the excitement almost unbearable（不可忍受的）. They are 4 between the wish to go to bed early so that Father Christmas will 5 their presents quickly, and the wish to stay up late so that they will not miss the fun. The wish for gifts usually proves 6 . But though children go to bed early, they often lie awake in bed for a long time, hoping to 7 Father Christmas.

　　Last Christmas, my wife and I 8 managed to hide a few large presents in the storeroom. I 9 the moment when our son, Jimmy, would ask me where the new bike had come from, but 10 he did not see it.

　　On Christmas Eve, it took the children hours to go to sleep. It must have been nearly 11 when my wife and I went quietly into their room and began 12 stockings. Then I 13 in the bike for Jimmy and left it beside the Christmas tree. We knew we would not get much 14 that night, for the children were sure to get up early. At about five o'clock the next morning, we were 15 by loud sounds coming from the children's room--they shouted excitedly! 16 I had time to get out of bed, Jimmy came 17 into our bedroom on his new bike, and his sister, Mary, 18 close behind, pushing her new baby carriage. Even the baby arrived, he moved on the 19 and knees into the room dragging a large balloon behind him. Suddenly it 20 . That woke us up completely. The day really begun with a bang.

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