Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Vi??olence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive(重温) these experiences in nightmares.                       

Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase the effect of painful memories.

In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body re??leasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research had suggested that only the emo??tional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.

The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war.

They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin people’s lives. They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions.” said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry (精神病学) at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve(减缓) a lot of that suffering.”

But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity. They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I'm not sure we’d want to wipe those memories out.” said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist (伦理学家).

Some people fear that although the drug would first be used in only very serious cases, it would be??come more and more common.“People always have the ability to misuse science,” said Joseph LeDoux, a New York University memory researcher. “All we want to do is help people have better control of memories.”

The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to “_____.”

A. the new drug                       B. the research into the drug

C. the memory                        D. the chemical in the drug

Which of the following is Not the opinion of the supporters?

A.The pill can erase all the memories in the past.

B.Some memories can ruin people's life. The pill can relieve emotional suffering.

C. The pill can also help many other types of people who suffer from terrible memories.

D. The pill can prevent or treat troubling memories in soldiers after war.

Which of the following is Not the opinion of the opponents (反对者) ?

A. Our memories give us our identity.

B. The memories help humanity avoid mistakes of the past.

C. The drug should be used in only very serious cases.

D. People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out.

Which of the following statements might be the main idea of the text?

A. People often suffer from bad memories.   

 B. The nightmares are terrible.

C. Forget bad memories and be happy.

D. The research has caused a heated argument.

完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从16－30各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

One of the most important events in the Olympic Games is the Marathon race. It _ 16_ one of the great events in Greek history.

     In 490 B.C .about 10,000 Greeks fought _ 17_ the Persian army at a place _18__ Marathon. It is said that the Persians were ten times as many as the Greeks .However , __19_ the brave attack of the Greeks , the Persians were badly beaten and _20__ away from the plain of Marathon . When the Persians had run away, a soldier, who was the most famous _ 21 _in Athens, was ordered to carry the good news to the city _22_ full speed.

     Although he had fought through the battle and received many wounds, the soldier at once started off towards the _23_ city. It was twenty-six miles _24__ the plain of Marathon to the marketplace of Athens, where the elders of Athens had gathered waiting for news. He ran and ran __25_ hills and across plains. As he went on, his lips became dry and he breathed hard. But he thought of the _26__ of the people of Athens __27_ hearing the news, and he ran harder than ever.

     The elders of Athens heard a great shout and saw a soldier staggering (蹒跚）towards them . "Rejoice! Rejoice! We won!" gasped the soldier, and fell down __28__ .

   In __29_ of this noble soldier, the Marathon race _30__ the athletes run this same distance became an event in the Olympic Games.

	A. came from	B.came about	C. came out	D.came round
	A. in	B. against	C. for	D. with
	A. call	B. calling	C. to be called	D. called
	A. in	B. with	C. by	D. because
	A. taken	B. made	C. driving	D. driven
	A. player	B. runner	C. soldier	D. officer
	A. in	B. by	C. on	D. at
	A. far	B. distant	C. away	D. off
	A. to	B. from	C. in	D. at
	A. above	B. across	C. through	D. over
	A. sadness	B. joy	C. anger	D. surprise
	A. on	B. in	C. from	D. with
	A. dead	B. death	C. died	D. dying
	A. remember	B. front	C. honour	D. the hope
	A. by which	B. from which	C.through which	D. in which

完型填空

It must have been after two o’clock in the morning when the last guest took his leave. __36__ we had enjoyed their stay, my wife and I were quite __37__ to shut the door on them. We __38__ all the dirty dishes and glasses __39__ they were, and after opening a few windows to let some __40__ air in and the smell of food out, we climbed into bed and fell asleep.

I couldn’t have been asleep for more than half an hour __41__ I awoke with a strong smell of smoke. __42__ half asleep, I stepped into the living-room, and there, __43__ heavy clouds of smoke, I saw one of the curtains was on fire. I should have __44__ the windows then without delay, __45_ instead I tried to beat out the fire with a folded newspaper. When this __46__, I hurried into the kitchen to __47__ a bucket of water. At the same time, I shouted to Barbara, who __48__ phoned to summon (请求) the fire brigade (消防队) __49__ coming to help me. We had to work at top speed __50__ buckets of water from the kitchen to __51__ the fire, fanned by the wind from the windows, from __52__. We were unable to put out the fire, but we managed to __53__ it under control until the arrival of the firemen. __54??????__, they arrived in no time, and they had little difficulty __55_ the fire stop burning.

A. Although     B. Because       C. If             D. Since

A. pleasant      B. comfortable    C. thankful        D. free

A. laid          B. left           C. washed        D. put

A. that         B. like           C. which         D. as

A. new         B. cool          C. fresh          D. warm

A. when        B. until          C. while          D. after

A. Thus        B. Still          C. Only          D. Yet

A. through      B. with          C. from          D. by

A. broken       B. opened        C. removed       D. closed

A. and          B. but           C. or            D. so

A. finished      B. failed          C. continued    D. succeeded

A. bring         B. find           C. pump        D. borrow

A. eagerly        B. nervously      C. hurriedly     D. certainly

A. besides       B. till            C. before       D. for

A. moving        B. taking         C. using        D. carrying

A. prevent        B. fight          C. strike        D. kill

A. rising         B. developing     C. lighting       D. spreading

A. keep          B. place          C. hold         D. catch

A. However      B. Therefore      C. Fortunately   D. Especially

A. causing       B. getting         C. letting       D. making

【选改类】

改编(十三)

Our family finally managed to get together, but in a few days we scattered again to the ends of the earth, and I will begin my new job in a new city. My family has never been ___1 _  in this way . When I think about the    2    future, my heart felt grayish.

       When I    3    in the morning, it was raining outside and the sky was as    4    as my mood. My daughter    5    the new skirt that her uncle bought and she flew around the departure hall in the    6     and drew a small and beautiful picture in the dim crowd.

       The airplane had a good   7    of newspapers, magazines, television programs, food and drinks. The meal even   8    a serving of Haagen-Dazs ice cream. This small present brightened me up   9    . The gentle smile of the stewardess（空姐）was as beautiful as the   10    after the rain.

       When I    11    the airport, the language that entered my   12    was completely different from what I was   13    three hours ago. Although the street lights were as   14   as Allentown’s, the different clothes and expressions of the people    15     me that I am in a new world. I stood in the busy streets like Alice    16    the world in a fairy tale. My heart was    17    with puzzlement about the uncertain future and longing for the new life. When I   18   being able to do what I like once more, that I will make new    19   and that I can enjoy the fun of exploration. I could not   20   to think about starting my new life.

1.A.separated                B.gather                C.divided                     D.surprised

2.A.bright                    B.exciting              C.uncertain            D.unusual

3.A.stood up                 B.got up                C.stayed up            D.woke up

4.A.clear                      B.high                   C.dark                   D.gray

5.A.dressed                   B.wore                  C.liked                  D.had

6.A.station                    B.airport               C.port                   D.house

7.A.offer                      B.number                     C.supply                D.amount

8.A.included                 B.contained           C.followed            D.matched

9.A.successfully            B.especially           C.eventually          D.fortunately

10.A.rainbow                B.ground               C.sky                    D.flower

11.A.got on                  B.got off               C.left away            D.took off

12.A.mouth                  B.eyes                   C.mind                  D.ears

13.A.finding                 B.learning             C.hearing                     D.listening

14.A.long                     B.well                   C.brilliant              D.mamy

15.A.told                      B.reminded            C.suggested           D.explained

16.A.visiting                 B.traveling            C.wandering          D.exploring

17.A.full                      B.filled                 C.satisfied             D.pleased

18.A.set about               B.set out                C.thought over              D.thought about

19.A.friends                 B.enemies              C.mistakes             D.progress

20.A.wait                            B.help                   C.decide                D.afford

The medicine works more effectively      you drink some hot water after taking it.

A. as    B. until    C. although     D. if