All children want to have pocket money. Why do their parents just give them a certain amount?   51 
The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family.   52   Some children get weekly pocket money. Others get monthly pocket money. 
First of all, children are expected to make a choice between spending and saving. Then parents should make the children understand what is expected to pay for with the money. At first, some young children may spend all of the money soon after they receive it. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until it is the right time.    53  
In order to encourage their children to do some housework, some parents give pocket money if the children help around the home. Some experts think it not wise to pay the children for doing that.    54    
Pocket money can give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with the money. They can spend it by giving it to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want.    55  Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice. Saving can also open the door to future saving and investing for children. 
A One main purpose is to let kids learn how to manage their own money. 
B They can save it for future use. 
C Timing is another consideration. 
D As helping at home is a normal part of family life. 
E Some children are not good at managing their pocket money. 
F Learning how to get money is very important for every child.  
G By doing so, these children will learn that spending must be done with a budget. 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality （个性）, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a five-star general（将军）．   

       Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian （百姓的） clothes．People expect higher quality from a man who wears a uniform．   Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform．What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a hairdresser, or a waiter to lose professional identity （职业身份） than to step out of uniform?

          They are often more comfortable and more lasting than civilian clothes．

       Among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them．Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement．    

         Though they are long-lasting, often their initial（最初的） expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes．Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes．

       A．Americans think highly of uniforms ．

       B．Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

       C．When people wear the same uniforms, they are likely to think, speak, and act similarly on the job at least．

       D．Uniforms also have many practical good points

       E．Some practical problems with uniforms arise．

       F．The television repairman who wears a uniform is likely to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes．

       G．People's identity can be recognized more easily by their uniforms

Try this little test. A man dressed completely in black is sitting at a bar in a country pub. He is drinking one whisky after another. After three hours, the man in black leaves the pub and walks drunkenly down a small country road. There are no lights, and there is no moon. A car without headlights approaches. The driver notices the man, however, and is able to brake in time to avoid an accident. How could the driver see the man in black? Think about this.
The reason we can get stuck with this – and other problems in life—is that we make assumptions. If we assume that the man in black is out for an evening drink, then the problem is a hard one to solve.
The dictionary describes an assumption as something we take for granted or suppose to be true. Assumptions are essential to logical thinking and decision-making, but what happens if they are false?
Sometimes false assumptions can lead to disaster. On 8 January 1989, a British Midland Airways Boeing took off from Heathrow for Belfast. The number-two (right) engine, which had caused trouble on the previous flight, had been cleared. Twenty minutes after take-off, the plane began to shake violently. The flight recorder later showed what had happened. The captain asked the co-pilot what the problem was. “It’s the f-ing right engine again!” he replied. The captain ordered no.2 engine to be shut down, and the lefthand (no.1) engine to be turned on for an emergency landing. The 737 crashed on the edge of the M1 motorway. The cause of the crash? The captain and copilot made a false assumption and shut down the wrong engine. Of the 118 passengers, 39 died and 74 suffered serious injury.
The more risky or the more expensive the decision, the more important it is to check assumptions. There is a nice way to remember the importance of assumption checking. Look at the letters in the word ASSUME, and note that taking things for granted can make an ASS（傻瓜） of U and ME.
1. What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?
A. To provide background information of the topic.
B. To attract readers attention to the topic.
C. To use an example to support the topic.
D. To offer basic knowledge of the topic.
2. The main purpose of the passage is to remind the readers _________.
A. of the importance of making assumptions
B. of the danger of making assumptions
C. to make assumptions before dealing with problems
D. to check assumptions before dealing with problems
3. The best title for this passage may probably be __________.
A. Assumptions Lead To Disaster
B. Ways of Avoiding False Assumption
C. When Things Are Not as They First Seem
D. Assumptions and Decision-making
4. The most probable reason that the driver can see the man in black is that       .
A. there were bright stars in the sky when the accident happened.
B. the driver had very good eyesight.
C. the accident happened where the lights were bright.
D. the accident happened during the afternoon, in daylight.

Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush. Through her own efforts, her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated ( 捐赠) billboards (广告牌) across the country.

The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment (Kids F. A. C. E.) in 1989. There are now 300,000 members of Kids F.A.C.E. worldwide and it is the world’s largest youth environmental organization.

Poe has also asked the National Park Service to carry out a “Children’s Forest” project in every national park. In 1992, she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993, she was given a Caring Award for her efforts by the Caring Institute.

Since the organization started, Kids F.A.C.E. members have distributed and planted over 1 million trees! Ongoing tree-planting projects include Kids’ Yards — the creation of backyard wildlife habitats (栖息地) and now Kids F.A.C.E. is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey, which is a great way to start helping.

“We try to tell kids that it’s not OK to be lazy,” she explains. “You need to start being a responsible (负责任的) , environmentally friendly person now, right away, before you become a resource-sucking adult.”

1.Kids F.A.C.E. is __________.

A. a program to help students with writing

B. a project of litter recycling

C. a campaign launched by President Bush

D. a club of environmental protection

2.What can we learn about Poe?

3.Kid’s Yards is ____________.

4.Which of the following can be inferred from the text?

A. Adults are resources –sucking people.

B. Poe sought help from a youth organization

C. Kids F.A.C.E. members are from the U.S.

D. Kids are urged to save natural resources.

5.Poe was a girl aged _____when she began a campaign for a cleaner environment

by writing a letter to the then President Bush.