The smell of fresh air is becoming something of a distant memory, thanks to our increasing use of fragrance (香气). From air fresheners to scented (有香味的) candles, we live in a world of scent.

 Recent figures show seven in ten people use air fresheners or scented candles to keep our homes smelling sweet. Yet recent records suggest that perfumed products could affect our health, causing problems including allergies (过敏), headaches and asthma (哮喘) .

 One leading expert believes nearly a third of people suffer health effects from being exposed to scents. A major problem is so-called “contact” allergy—where perfumes and scented products cause eczema (湿疹) when they come into contact with the skin. About one in 20 is thought to be affected by fragrance allergy.

 “Often it may not be immediately obvious that you have developed a fragrance allergy,” says Dr. Baron. “You don’t react immediately. Gradually, as you are exposed more and more, the body increases its reaction, until it becomes noticeable to you.”

 People with pre-existing eczema are particularly vulnerable (易受影响). “The eczema worsens in areas in contact with perfumes,” says Dr. Baron. “But even those without allergies can be at risk of fragrance allergy.” You can become suddenly allergic to perfumes and personal care products that you have been using for years. “Even if you know which fragrance causes a problem, it can be difficult to avoid, as most personal care products –soap, shampoo, sun cream and washing powder—contain fragrances,” says Dr. Baron.

  And strong scents can also cause headaches. Fragrances activate the nose’s nerve cells, stimulating the nerve system associated with head pain. To minimize risk, sufferers are advised to minimize the contact.

 “Fragrance suggest cleanliness – yet people are smelling a potentially dangerous chemical mixture,” says Anne Steinemann, professor of the University of Washington. “We often use them to mask one problem – as with air fresheners – but create a greater one – adding poisonous chemicals to the air.”

57．What is the text mainly about?

A．The world trend of using fragrance.

B．The benefits of using non-fragranced products.

C．The health problems caused by fragrance 

D．The ways of removing allergy.

58．According to Dr. Baron,            .

A．our bodies have an immediate reaction to fragrance.

B．seven in ten have suffered fragrance allergy.

C．fragrance can affect people who don’t have allergy

D．people can avoid contacting with fragrance easily

59．Which of the following questions does the text NOT answer?

A．Which products contain fragrance?

B．What’s the influence of fragrance in the air?

C．What are the air fresheners made up of? 

D．How are headaches caused by fragrance?

60．The following paragraph might discuss            .

A．the asthma caused by strong scents.

B．people’s efforts to protect fresh air.

C．the methods of curing eczema 

D．the bad effects of air fresheners.

第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分。）.
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
A teacher let her class play a game. The teacher    36  each child to bring a bag   37_____a few potatoes. Each potato will be     38   a name of the person that the child    39    , so the number of potatoes that a child will put into his/her bag will     40  the number of people the child hates.
Some children had two potatoes; some had three and others had up to    41  potatoes. The teacher then told the children to    42  the bag wherever they go for a      43  .
   44  the days went by, the children started to    45    because of the unpleasant smell coming from the rotten(腐烂) potatoes. And the students with five potatoes also had to carry   46  bags.
After a week, the teacher asked, “How did you feel？”The children started complaining about the   47 they had to   48  . When they had to carry the heavy and   49  potatoes everywhere they went.
Then the teacher said, “This is the   50  where you carry your hate for somebody    51 your heart. The smell of hate will   52  your heart and you will carry it with you wherever you go. If you cannot   53  the smell of rotten potatoes for just one week, can you imagine   54  it is like to have the smell of hate in your heart for your    55  .
36. A. ordered                  B. liked                     C. told                      D. preferred
37. A. containing              B. putting                  C. covering                D. including
38. A. called                    B. given                    C. used                     D. offered
39. A. missed                    B. hates                     C. likes                     D. offers
40. A. depend on               B. decide on              C. set down               D. write down
41. A. six                          B. two                      C. ten                       D. five
42. A. bring                      B. wash                     C. carry                    D. take
43. A. week                      B. day                       C. month                   D. holiday
44. A. After                      B. Until                    C. Before                   D. As
45. A. cry                         B. complain               C. laugh                    D. disagree
46. A. heavier                   B. lighter                  C. bigger                   D. older
47. A. happiness                 B. joy                       C. trouble                  D. sadness                        
48. A. get along                B. go over                 C. get away               D. go through
49. A. funny                     B. smelly                  C. tasty                     D. dusty 
50. A. situation                  B. view                     C. expression             D. sign
51. A. without                  B. outside                  C. with                      D. inside
52. A. injure                     B. keep                    C. pollute                  D. protect
53. A. like                        B. bear                     C. escape                   D. throw
54. A. whom                    B. how                      C. which                   D. what
55. A. youth                     B. school life            C. lifetime                 D. Childhood

When an ant dies, other ants move the dead insect out. Sometimes, the dead ant get moved away very soon—within an hour of dying. This behavior is interesting to scientists, who wonder how ants know for sure—and so soon—that another ant is dead.
One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behavior. Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist. Choe found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, “I’m dead—take me away.”
But there’s a twist to Choe’s discovery. Choe says that the living ants—not just the dead ones —have this death chemical. In other words, while an ant crawls around, perhaps in a picnic or home, it’s telling other ants that it’s dead.
What keeps ants from dragging away the living ants? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies, and these tell nearby ants something like, “Wait—I’m not dead yet.” So Choe’s research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants: one says, “I’m dead,” and the other set says, “I’m not dead yet.”
Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead. If an ant is knocked unconscious, for example, other ants leave it alone until it wakes up. That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive.
Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies, the chemical that says “Wait- I’m not dead yet” quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone, only the one that says “I’m dead” is left. “It’s because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard, not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death,” said Choe. When other ants detect the “dead” chemical without the “not dead yet” chemical, they drag away the body.
Understanding this behavior may help scientists figure out how to stop Argentine ants from invading new places and causing problems. Choe would like to find a way to use the newly discovered chemicals to spread ant killer to Argentine ant nests.
The ants’ removal behavior is important to the overall health of the nest. “Being able to quickly remove dead individuals and other possible sources of disease is extremely important to all animals living in societies, including us,” says Choe. “Think about all the effort and money that we invest daily in waste management.”
51. The underlined word “twist” in Paragraph 3 means _____.
A. an unexpected change                              B. a clear mistake
C. an important key                                        D. a shocking conclusion
52. Ants judge whether another one is dead or not depending on ______.
A. the sense of taste                                      B. the sense of smell
C. the sense of touch                                               D. the sense of sight
53. The result of the research can be used to ______.
A. kill troublesome pests
B. solve the problem of endangered species
C. prevent further expansion of the ants’ territory
D. keep the balance of nature
54. Why is it important to remove dead individuals?
A. Because it is easier to manage the living.
B. Because it can save money to deal with the waste.
C. Because it can provide more space for the living.
D. Because it can keep the living from suffering disease.
55. What might be the best title of the text?
A. Dead or living? It is easy to judge
B. Pulling away the dead ants is a difficult task
C. Ant nests have great undertaking capacity
D. Leaving it alone or taking it away? Ants feel puzzled

The flowers ____ sweet in the garden in spring.

A. smell        B. to smell          C. smelling        D. smelt

The wonders of Virtual Reality (VR) (虚拟现实) can now take you back into a world that no person has ever seen. In this amazing new VR game, you will go back __1__ 100 million years, and live among the dinosaurs (恐龙).

You will __2__ dinosaurs eat, sleep and fight. You will admire the great __3__ of the strange flowers and huge trees.

You will __4__ a huge, friendly dinosaur with your hands. You will glide- through the __5__ on the back of a flying dinosaur and look down on the land and seas far __6__ you.

You will watch a terrifying struggle, as two of the world’s most __7__ and dangerous dinosaurs fight each other right in front of you. You will __8__ down into the deep seas, and discover mysterious dinosaurs __9__.

Remember that, as in all VR games, you will enjoy all these experiences in complete __10__. This is an excellent, exciting and educational game which brings the world of the dinosaurs to life as never before.

A. at age      B. in time       C. for      D. to

A. see   B. watch  C. stare   D. glance at

A. beauty     B. smell  C. bloom D. figure

A. feed B. train   C. catch   D. rescue

A. land B. water  C. air      D. sea

A. under      B. above  C. below D. behind

A. fierce      B. tame   C. talented      D. naughty

A. jump       B. drop   C. fall     D. dive

A. in the past       B. on the ground    C. under the water  D. in the forest

A. loneliness      B. danger       C. happiness   D. safety