Australia – The vote for euthanasia (安乐死) was finally taken at 3:45 this morning. After six months’ argument and final 16 hours’ hot debates. Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The bill was passed by the vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately world flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, the director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on through the group’s on – line service, Death NET. Hofsess says, “We posted it all day long, because this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.”

The full import may take a while to understand. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief; but others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia--where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to for euthanasia. In the U. S. and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes (多米诺骨牌) to start failing.

Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death--probably by a deadly injection or pill--to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as incurably ill by two doctors. After a "cooling off" period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying deat from his breathing condition. "I' m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of washow I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks," he says.

According to the text, which of the following statements is TURE?

    A．Australia now us the only country in the world to pass the law of euthanasia.

    B．All people in Australia don’t have the same positive attitude to euthanasia.

    C．Many patients will ask their doctors for euthanasia because they are afraid of death.

    D．According to the law, if a patient requests death, his or her wish will be met after 48 hours.

The underlined sentence in Para 2, “observes are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.” means that observes are waiting to see         .

    A．the result of the game of dominoes.

    B．that people’s attitude to euthanasia will be changed.

    C．that the bill about euthanasia in Australia will come to an end.

    D．the similar bills will be passed in other countries.

Australia was the first country to pass the bill of euthanasia, but not USA or Canada. Which one is NOT the reason?

    A．In Australia, the technology of extending life is advanced.

    B．In Australia, it is easy to deal with the moral and practical meaning.

    C．In Australia, old people take up great part in the population of the whole country.

    D．Australians gradually realize suffering from a terrible disease is worse than immediate death.

It can be inferred from the text that          .

    A．when Lloyd Nickson dies, he will face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia.

    B．physicians and citizens in Australia share the same view on euthanasia.

    C．other countries are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.

    D．under the bill, patients requesting death are sure to be injected by deadly medicine.

What’s the author’s attitude to euthanasia?

    A．Negative B．Critical C．Positive D．Doubtful

D
When companies do business overseas, they come in contact with people from different cultures.  These individuals often speak a different language and have their own particular custom and manners.  These differences can create problems.
For example, in France, business meetings begin immediately at the scheduled time and everyone is expected to be there.   Foreign business people who are slow in acting are often left outside to cool their heels as a means of letting them know the importance of promptness（准时）. Unless one is aware of such expected behaviors he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.
A second traditional problem is that of monetary conversions(货币兑换).  For example, if a trade is conducted with Russia, payment may be made in rubles.  Of course, this particular type of money used in Russia is of little value to the American firm.  It is, therefore, necessary to exchange the foreign money to American dollars.  How much are these Russian rubles worth in terms of dollars?  This exchange rate is determined by every market, where the money of countries are bought and sold.   Thus there is an established rate, although it is often different from day to day.  For example, the ruble may be worth 0.75 on Monday and 0.72 on Tuesday because of an announced wheat shortage in Russia.  In addition, there is the problem associated with exchange at 0.72.  Some financial institutions may be unwilling to pay this price, feeling that the ruble will sink much lower over the next week.   As a result, exchange may finally come at 0.69.   These "losses" must be accepted by the company as one of the costs of doing business overseas.
A third unique problem is trade barriers.  For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their borders.  Some trade barriers are directly related to exports.  For example, the United States permits strategic military material to be shipped abroad only after government permission has been obtained.  Most trade barriers, however, are designed to restrict import.  Two of the most common import barriers are quotas and tariffs.
76. The best title for the passage would be ___.
A. How to Succeed in International Trade
B. Monetary Conversion
C. Trade Barriers
D. Unique Problems in International Trade
77. In France, slow business people ___.
A. are often insulted
B. often suffer from coldness
C. are often left outdoors waiting
D. are often asked to polish their shoes
78. According to the passage, exchange rates ___.
A. seldom change
B. are determined by financial institutions
C. are agreed upon by two trading countries
D. vary from day to day
79. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. Misunderstanding may occur because of the culture differences.
B. Exchange rate can bring losses when doing international trade.
C. Most trade barriers are designed to restrict import.
D. All the exports must get the permission of the government.   .

In 1981, there were more than 1.3 million elephants in Africa. But in 1991, that number was cut down to 600,000. African elephants are hunted for their valuable ivory tusks(象牙). More have been killed by poachers(偷猎者). Poachers are hunters who kill animals illegally. An adult(成年) elephant eats as much as 300 pounds a day. In their search for food, elephants often move great distances. When they cannot find the grasses they prefer, they may strip(剥光) the land of trees.

Today, the area in which elephants herds live is smaller than it used to be. Many areas in their path have been turned into farms. And some elephants have been killed by farmers for trampling(践踏)their crops.

What can we do here in our country about a threatened animal that lives so far away? Our government has passed a law to protect it. People cannot import or bring in items made from ivory or any part of the elephant’s body.

Most countries throughout the world have also stopped ivory imports. It is hoped that the ban(禁令) on the sale of ivory will help save the African elephant. But the world’s largest land animal needs other help. The countries where these animals live are often poor and unable to manage the herds. If the elephant is to survive, this animal is going to need our support for many years to come.

1.The number of the elephant in Africa in 1991 was      .

  A. the same as that ten years ago     B. more than that ten years ago

  C. a little less than half of that in 1981        D. a little more than half of that in 1981

2.African elephants have been killed mainly because _____.

  A. they eat a lot                     B. they have beautiful tusks

  C. poachers kill for fun              D. there are too many of them

3. The areas where African elephants live are much smaller today because ___.

  A. they tend to live in herds

  B. there are not so many of them today

  C. many of these areas have been turned into farms

  D. farmers have been killing them to save their crops

4.It is mentioned in the passage that our country has ____.

  A. officially stopped ivory imports

  B. banned the killing of elephants in Africa

  C. threatened the elephants that live far away

  D. helped the African countries where elephants live

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

  A. Poachers have a license(执照) to hunt for animals.

  B. Elephants do a lot of good for the farmers in Africa.

  C. We live too far away to help to save the African elephants.

  D. The African elephant needs the world’s support for its survival

in order to know a foreign language thoroughly(完全地), four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear it spoken. secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves, with confidence(自信) and without hesitation(犹豫). Thirdly, we must do much reading. Finally, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are correct in grammar.
There are no shortcuts to succeed in language learning. A good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only to memorize the rules from a grammar book. it is not much learning by heart long lists ( 一览表 ) of words and their meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. If we are pleased with a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. We must "learn through use". Practice is important. We must practice speaking and writing the language whenever we can.
【小题1】 the most import things to learn a foreign language are

The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are as closely related as the lips and teeth, so to speak. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a product without first investigating the market.

    In the international market, goods on sale coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting（报价）, what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such information? There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselor's offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot.

     Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities. Of course, there are some other ways of making market investigations.

1.In making market investigations, one should ______.

   A. get enough information concerned             B. advertise his products

   C. produce high quality goods                   D. none of the above

2.The word "indispensable" in the first line means ______.

   A. impossible                                B. necessary

   C. advisable                                 D. available

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

   A. The relationship between market investigation and sales promotion is just as that of the lips and   

      teeth.

   B. It is impossible to succeed in selling a product without market investigation.

   C. There are various ways of making market investigation.

   D. Production goes before market investigation.

4.All the following are channels to get market information except ________.

  A. to have commercial counsellor' s office of our embassies stationed abroad

  B. to promote the quality of our own products

  C. to send trade groups abroad every now and then

  D. to have face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen