B

When people lose legs after accidents or illnesses, emergency care and artificial limbs（假肢）often allow them to walk again. Newts （蝾螈） in the same situation, on the other hand, can grow limbs back on their own! Scientists have known for a long time that certain animals can re-grow limbs, but they haven’t quite figured out how these creatures do it.

    Researchers have now come up with some new ideas. Their work may give people the ability to re-grow lost limbs. The researchers started with two simple experiments：when you cut a newt’s leg at the ankle, only the foot grows back；when you cut off a leg at the very end, the whole leg grows back. In both cases, the re-growth begins with stem cells. Stem cells can develop into nearly any type of cell in the body.

How do a newt’s stem cells know when to grow only a foot and when to re-grow a whole leg?

This question relates to another mystery. In newt’s, a cut-off leg will grow back only if the nerve bundle（神经束）in it also grows back , but if something prevents the nerve bundle from growing, the stem cells at the wound won’t re-grow a new leg.

In its study, a British team focused on a protein called n-AG. When the team prevented nerves in a limb from growing, but added the n-AG protein to stem cells in the limb, the limb still re-grew. That protein seems to guide limb re-growth. People have proteins that are similar to n-AG. Further research into these materials may someday help human limbs recover by themselves.

40. In the experiments, the researchers cut off a newt’s foot or leg to find out _____.

 A. what stem cells were                     B. whether they would grow back

 C. how long it would take to re-grow    D. how they would re-grow

41. A newt will re-grow its leg if _____.

 A. its ankle was cut off but the nerve bundle was good

 B. its leg was cut off and the nerve bundle stopped growing

C. its leg was cut off and the nerve bundle could grow back

D. its ankle and the nerve bundle were cut off

42. What do the underlined words “these materials” refer to?

 A. Nerve bundles and proteins.         B. Proteins similar to n-AG.

 C. Stem cells and proteins.               D. Stem cells and nerve bundles.

43. The first sentence of the passage _____.

 A. acts as a lead–in                       B. shows where researchers got their new ideas

C. states the author’s opinion           D. describes the result of researchers’ studies

A week ago, I had the great pleasure of reading an e-book, When Money Talks, Listen! By Rich Ezzo．It took only about an hour to read.

   When I first received a copy, I thought it was a Get Rich Quick type of publication．Nothing is wrong with Get Rich Quick, but my mind just doesn’t chase after dreams of wealth．I think that if God ever wants me to be rich, he knows where to find my purse.

   When I began reading When Money Talks, Listen!, I was overjoyed to find that Rich Ezzo isn’t money hungry either．He, too, is hungry far more important than money．

Since I love this e-book so much, why wait a week to write the review? Simple．I wanted to see if the effect it had on me was a keeper．After reading the last word of the e-book, I totally agreed with the subtitle which promised to forever change the way we thought about money．I had so many thoughts running around my mind that I had to install(安装) a stoplight to stop some while others made their way into the picture, then I yielded(让路) them as a few ones arrived in town．I had a mental traffic jam, which only goes to show how slow the traffic usually is．

   It has been a week and the effect is the same．I truly do look at money differently and have even done a few things differently this week．This is an e-book you’ll want to read, I promise．I often recommend books to my daughter, and this is one that I didn’t just “suggest”---I left it open at the bottom of the computer and told each one, “Read it, you’ll love it.”

   I would never point someone in a direction I wouldn’t go myself．I urge you to visit the author’s website, Myster Money, and to download the e-book．You won’t regret it.

The author wrote this passage to _________　

       A．strongly recommend an e-book.

　    B．show the author's attitude to money.

　    C．introduce the general idea of an e-book.

　    D．point out Rich Ezzo isn't money hungry.

According to the passage, a Get Rich Quick type of publication ______.

       A．is what the author really cares for

       B．deals with how to make money

       C．is also an e-book written by Rich Ezzo

       D．is more popular than e-books

The author didn't write the review as soon as he finished reading the book because________．

　    A．he was too excited to write anything

　    B．he was not sure whether he did well

　    C．he had to wait for Rich Ezzo's permission

　    D．he wondered if the book would have long influence on him

By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4, the author probably __________.

　    A．shows that the book brought him many new thoughts

　    B．shows how bad the traffic is in town

　    C．describes the difficulty in understanding the book

　    D．explains it's hard to change one's attitude to money

Which of the following is supported by the passage?

      A．The author had known Rich Ezzo before.

　    B．The author hasn't dreamed of getting rich immediately.

　    C．The author always prefers e-books to paper books.

　    D．The author likes Get Rich Quick-type of publications.

A peer is a person who is about the same age as you. Peers affect your life, whether you know it or not, just by spending time with you.

Peers can have a good effect on each other. Maybe another student in your science class taught you an easy way to remember the planets in solar system. Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book, and now everyone's reading it.

However, sometimes peers affect each other in another way. For example, one kid in school might try to get another to cut class with him, your soccer friend might try to persuade you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball, or a kid in the neighborhood might want you to shoplift with him.?

Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don't go along with the group. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing. The idea that “everyone's doing it ” may influence some kids to leave their better judgments, or their common senses behind.

　　Peer pressure can be extremely strong and hard to get rid of. Experiments have shown how peer pressure can influence someone to change mind from what she knows for sure is a correct answer to the incorrect answer—just because everyone else gives the incorrect answer! That holds true for people of any age in peer pressure situations.

It can be hard to walk away from peer pressure, but it can be done. Pay attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do. Inner strength and self-confidence can help you stand firm, walk away, and resist doing something when you know better.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Peers have a good effect.

B. Children give in to peer pressure.?

C. Peer pressure is hard to stop.

D. Peer pressure.?

The underlined word “shoplift” probably means to_______.?

A. do shopping      B. carry goods for shops?

C. steal in the shop D. take the lift upstairs in the shop?

The writer will NOT agree that_______.?

A. only children change their correct answers to incorrect ones because of peer pressure?

B. peers have an effect on each other?

C. peer pressure can be got rid of ?

D. peers will believe in themselves if there are other peers who agree with them?

The writer intends to _______ by writing the passage.?

A. warn peers to separate from each other?

B. tell peers to follow others?

C. show it is hard to walk away from peer pressure?

D. persuade peers to do what they think is the right thing??

How do you feel after you've stayed up late to finish schoolwork? Or the day after a slumber party? Scientists now say that your answers to these questions may depend on your genes.

     Genes are stretches of DNA that work like an instruction manual for our cells. Genes tell our bodies and brains what to do. People have about 40,000 genes, and each gene can have different forms. So, for example, certain forms of some genes make your eyes blue. Other versions of those genes make your eyes brown.

In a similar way, new research suggests that a gene called period3 affects how well you function without sleep. The discovery adds to older evidence that period3 helps determine whether you like to stay up late or get up early.

The period3 gene comes in two forms: short and long. Everyone has two copies of the gene. So, you may have two longs, two shorts, or one of each. Your particular combination depends on what your parents passed on to you.

Scientists from the University of Surrey in England studied 24 people who had either two short or two long copies of period3. Study participants had to stay awake for 40 hours straight. Then, they took tests that measured how quickly they pushed a button when numbers flashed on a screen and how well they could remember lists of numbers.

Results showed that the people with the short form of period3 performed much better on these tests than the people with the long form did. In both groups, people performed worst in the early morning. That's the time when truck drivers and other night-shift workers say they have the most trouble concentrating.

After the first round of experiments, participants were finally allowed to sleep. People in the group that performed well on the tests took about 18 minutes to nod off.

People with the long period3 gene, by contrast, fell asleep in just 8 minutes. They also spent more time in deep sleep. That suggests that people with the long form of the gene need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form.

We can know from the passage that genes can not ________.

 A. tell our bodies and brains what to do

 B. make our eyes blue or brown

 C. decide how well you work without sleep

 D. ensure whether you’re good at driving

Which of the following statements about the period3 is wrong?

 A. It affects whether you like to stay up late or get up early.

 B. It comes in two forms: short and long.

 C. One has either two longs or two shorts of it.

 D. Your parents determine what particular combination you have.

People with the short form of period3__________.

 A. need to go to bed early and get up early

 B. can work better than the people with long form of period3 without sleep

 C. take less time to fall asleep after they stay up late

 D. need more and deeper sleep to keep their brains working at top form

What’s the best title of the passage?

A. The Period3 Gene                           B. The Function of Genes

 C. Wake up, Sleepy Gene                                D. Stay up Late or Get up Early?

   A week ago, I had the great pleasure of reading an e-book, When Money Talks, Listen! By Rich Ezzo. It took only about an hour to read.

   When I first received a copy, I thought it was a Get Rich Quick type of publication. Nothing is wrong with Get Rich Quick, but my mind just doesn’t chase after dreams of wealth. I think that if God ever wants me to be rich, he knows where to find my purse.

   When I began reading When Money Talks, Listen!, I was overjoyed to find that Rich Ezzo isn’t money hungry either. He, too, is hungry far more important than money.

Since I love this e-book so much, why wait a week to write the review? Simple. I wanted to see if the effect it had on me was a keeper. After reading the last word of the e-book, I totally agreed with the subtitle which promised to forever change the way we thought about money. I had so many thoughts running around my mind that I had to install(安装) a stoplight to stop some while others made their way into the picture, then I yielded(让路) them as a few ones arrived in town. I had a mental traffic jam, which only goes to show how slow the traffic usually is. 

   It has been a week and the effect is the same. I truly do look at money differently and have even done a few things differently this week. This is an e-book you’ll want to read, I promise. I often recommend books to my daughter, and this is one that I didn’t just “suggest”---I left it open at the bottom of the computer and told each one, “Read it, you’ll love it.”

   I would never point someone in a direction I wouldn’t go myself. I urge you to visit the author’s website, Myster Money, and to download the e-book. You won’t regret it.

The author wrote this passage to _________　

A. strongly recommend an e-book.

　B. show the author's attitude to money.

　C. introduce the general idea of an e-book.

　D. point out Rich Ezzo isn't money hungry.

According to the passage, a Get Rich Quick type of publication ______.

A. is what the author really cares for

B. deals with how to make money

C. is also an e-book written by Rich Ezzo

D. is more popular than e-books

The author didn't write the review as soon as he finished reading the book because________.

　A. he was too excited to write anything

　B. he was not sure whether he did well

　C. he had to wait for Rich Ezzo's permission

　D. he wondered if the book would have long influence on him

By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4, the author probably __________.

　A. shows that the book brought him many new thoughts

　B. shows how bad the traffic is in town

　C. describes the difficulty in understanding the book

　D. explains it's hard to change one's attitude to money

Which of the following is supported by the passage?

  A. The author had known Rich Ezzo before.

　B. The author hasn't dreamed of getting rich immediately.

　C. The author always prefers e-books to paper books.

　D. The author likes Get Rich Quick-type of publications.