For most of us, dieting is an annoying fact life. With so much information available, it can be difficult to tell which weight-loss strategies really work. Let’s start by taking a look at some confusing myths (荒谬)。

1.All calories are created equal.

What you eat, not how much, is the main factor behind weight gain. In fact, the body burns many more calories digesting carbohydrates than it does digesting fat ,For every 100 calories of carbohydrates we consume in excess (超过)of our daily requirement ,only 75 are turned into body fat .But 97 of every 100 excess fat calories are turned into body fat .

2.Desserts and fast foods are forbidden.

Some experts advise against describing foods as “ good ”and “bad ”.Even cakes ,pies ,and ice cream can be worked into a diet, Moderation is the key. Besides ,a plain hamburger on a bun is still a healthful choice ,So is baked chicken or a green salad with low –cal,dressing. But watch out for French fries, and fried chicken of fish .

3.It makes no difference whether you’re top or bottom –heavy.

In fact ,where weight is distributed makes all the difference. Recent studies suggest that people who store fat on the upper body (apple shape )rather than on hips and thighs (大腿)脚（pear shape ）may have an increased rick of heart disease.There is probably little you can do to change how your body is genetically programmed to store fat ,But you can lost excess weight overall .

4.Fasting is the fastest diet .

Some studies suggest that suddenly reducing calorie intake puts the body into “starvation mode ”,which causes it to conserve calories and decreases the rate of digestion .The more often you deprive yourself of food ,the better your body may get at storing calories ,So ,in the long run ,repeated fasting may actually weaken your weight –loss efforts.

5.To keep weight off ,simply watch what you eat

According to studies ,exercise combined with dieting ensures weight loss better than dieting alone does. Experts also agree that having regular, moderate exercise is more important than occasional exercises. Researchers encourage patients to take the stairs instead of the elevator and park the car far from where you are going and walking.

6.It’s all your fault that you’re fat

Research at the University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine indicates that body shape and size are in large part decided by a person’s genes. In short ,some people are naturally more likely to be fat than other.Moreover, someone who was fat in childhood will have more fat cells than a person of average weight. Once made, the cells may enlarge or shrink (缩小),but they never disappear.

Yet genes don’t have to control your shape ,The size of your fat cells depends on you ---- on your eating habits and lifestyle ,Most important ,before getting caught up in dietary myths ,let good sense shape your eating habits ,Your body will thank you for it .

1.Whci of the following statements is true?

A. All calories are created equal .

B. You can decide whether fat will be stored on your upper body or lower body.

C. While you are on a diet never eat desserts and fast food

D. The size of fat cells is decided by our eating habits and lifestyle

2.Which of the following statements is true about fat cells and genes?

A. Everyone has the same amount of fat cells .

B. The size of fat cells is fixed ,They won’t become bigger or smaller

C. Genes have nothing to do with obesity.

D. Where you store your fat is genetically decided

3.The main reason why the author writes this article is to ___________

A. give new ideas                 B. correct certain misunderstandings

C. encourage the readers to keep fit D. explain the concept of calories ,fat cells ,and genes

4.This article is ____________

A. descriptive       B. creative         C. persuasive       D. educative

 

　　A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.

　　The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96. The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.

　　Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.

　　The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middle-aged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future. Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction. Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.

　　“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,” wrote Frieder R. Lang, a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.

　　Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.

　　“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions (预防措施),” the authors wrote.

　　Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.

　　T  Pessimism gurantees chances of survival.he authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.

　　However, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic,” the authors concluded.

　　67. According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?

　　A. Optimistic adults.

　　B. Middle-aged adults.

　　C. Adults in poor health.

　　D. Adults of lower income.

　　68. Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people ______.

　　A. to fully enjoy their present life

　　B. to estimate their contribution accurately

　　C. to take measures against potential risks

　　D. to value health more highly than wealth

　　69. How do people of higher income see their future?

　　A. They will earn less money.

　　B. They will become pessimistic.

　　C. They will suffer mental illness.

　　D. They will have less time to enjoy life.

　　70. What is the clear conclusion of the study?

　　A. Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.

　　B. Good financial condition leads to good health.

　　C. Medical treatment determines health outcomes.

　　D. Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.

　　

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

The Nigerian postal service has witnessed a reduction in the number of letters sent, especially by individuals, due to the alternatives of email and text.

“People prefer these over letters, because of the speed, although letters serve many purposes, other than conveying of messages", said Barry Varley Tipton, principal of Cherry Field College.

But some people think that the vanishing(逐渐消失的) art of letter writing has grave (严重的) consequences for students, teachers, the economy, society and the beauty of reading from loved ones, because letters in those days usually had a variety of styles .

A lover of letters writing, Hajiya Aisha refers to the occasions she has seen people enraged, because their connections at a cyber cafe took 56 seconds rather than the usual 36 hours. She says, “Although letters are slow, waiting for something good is not wholly a bad thing. Nothing beats a hand written letter.”

"When I was a graduate studying overseas twenty five years ago, my mother wrote to me daily. It was wonderful to receive those letters. They often said nothing more than everyone was thinking of me. I continue this tradition with several friends who are scattered worldwide. Hand written letters show the love that we have for family and friends. Email cannot replace the smile of actually getting the letter. The warm, sincere thank- you note, or the sweetly scented love letter we usually received and sent in those days is irreplaceable" she said.

Will electronic age stamps replace letters? Hopefully not, since it takes with it a culture rich in colour, history, and communication. Letters, like bits of ourselves, deserve to be stored away for future readers, giving them insight into details as small as the price and pattern of stamps, and as great as personal insights exchanged long ago.

【写作内容】

       1. 以约30词概括以上短文的主要内容：

       2. 然后以约120个词以“Will written letters die out ?”为主题写一篇短文，并包括如下要点：

       (1)有些人认为用手机收发短信和用因特网收发邮件更加方便快捷，写信很费时间

       (2)有些人喜欢和朋友或家人写信

       (3)你的观点

【写作要求】

       1. 你可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用阅读材料中的句子

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称

【评分标准】

       概括准确、语言规范、内容合适，篇章连贯。  (请在答题纸上作答)

The trip to that city was eye-opening for everyone, and near its end, all the young people in our group began to reflect on what it had meant. We __21___the first night we had arrived. We had all gone into the markets of the city ___22__the young people could experience its energy. But what we actually saw simply __23__ us all ---- the rundown houses, the children in rags, the people begging for money … Walking home, ___24____ under a low bridge, we came across ___25___ families of homeless people seeking a bit of dry ground to sleep on __26__ the night. We had to step over bodies as we found our way through the darkness. ks5u

The poverty（贫困） was __27__ than anything my young companions had ever imagined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settled over the group. Many __28__ and cried. Spending time in this ___29__ moves a person to care about humanity. ks5u

That evening, our group spent hours talking about what we had ___30___. Gently, I encouraged everyone to talk about the difficult ___31__ that day’s discoveries had inspired. Sitting together ___32__ a circle as everyone had a chance to speak, we all began to realize that __33___ of us was alone in our struggle to cope with our reactions. ks5u

Based on my __34___ in poverty-stricken areas, I suggested that __35___ the emotions we had were painful, they could also be important in helping us to move forward. We all__36__ that we had seen things that should never be allowed to happen. ___37___, what could we do about it? Together, we began to brainstorm ways we could help to case the __38__ we had seen. As I encouraged group members to focus on __39__ they could do, a sense of determination __40___ the previous sadness, Instead of despair, these young people began to feel a call to action. ks5u

21.A.put up with	B.got back to	C. looked back on	D. made up for
22.A. now that	B.so that	C.as if	D. even if
23.A. puzzled	B.annoyed	C.embarrassed	D. shocked
24.A. marching	B.running	C.passing	D.moving
25.A. entire	B.normal	C.average	D.general
26.A.beyond	B.with	C.till	D.for
27.A.stronger	B. deeper	C.worse	D.less
28.A. gave up	B. broke down	C. set off	D.held on
29.A.environment	B. hotel	C.house	D.background
30.A.inspected	B.attempted	C.witnssed	D.challenged
31.A. feelings	B.decisions	C.thoughts	D. impressions
32.A.along	B.around	C. by	D. in
33.A. neither	B.either	C. none	D. each
34.A.experiences	B. schedules	C. data	D. position
35.A.once	B.while	C.since	D.unless
36.A. supposed	B. advised	C. confirmed	D.agreed
37.A. Surely	B.Rather	C. Now	D.Indeed
38.A.burden	B.suffering	C. anxiety	D.difficulty
39.A. how	B.where	C.what	D.when
40.A.replaced	B. changed	C. covered	D.improved