题目列表(包括答案和解析)
Table Manners in America
美国餐桌礼仪
吃的礼节在不同的国度存在着明显的差异。如在我们中国家庭做客，主人会盛情款待你；你吃得越多，主人就会越高兴，还不时会给你添菜斟酒。但如果你把国内这些“挺有礼貌”的习惯带到美国，就可能会被认为不文雅或缺少修养……
When eating at home with guests or eating out，there are several table manners that are generally observed．
Most meals served in American homes are served “family style”； this means that food is placed on platters or in large bowls，and passed around to each person at the table，Each person takes a little food and puts it on his or her plate，and then passes the food to the next person．It is OK to ask for second helpings．
If you are treating your lady friend to a meal at a nice restaurant，it is polite to hold the chair for her while she sits down．Each person orders their own food and drinks，and it is polite to order items that are similar in price to the host’s order．Before beginning your meal，place your napkin over your lap，and remove it when the meal is completely finished。
It is polite to wait until everyone at your table is served before you begin eating；in some instances，it is best to wait until the host begin eating．It is not polite to rest your elbows on the table．Only one hand should be on the table for most of the meal，unless you need to cut meat or pass something．Americans do not chew with their mouths open，or speak when their mouths are full of food．When drinking alcohol，it is impolite to drink too much or get drunk．If you do not drink，you will usually not be pressured to do so，and you should likewise not pressure others to drink with you．
Notes
platter n．大浅盘 napkin n．餐巾
instance n．例子 lap n．膝上
elbow n．肘部 alcohol n．酒；含酒精的饮料
likewise adv．同样；也
Comprehension questions
1．In America，it is good manners _______when eating in a nice restaurant.
A．to order items that are similar in price to the host's order
B．to eat as much as you can
C．to put your elbows on the table
D．to eat and eat until only a little food remains on the table
2．When eating out，it is polite _______．
A．for you to order food and drinks for everyone
B．to put your napkin on the table
C．to speak with your mouth full of food
D．for everyone to order his or her own food and drinks
3．When drinking alcohol，_______．
A．you can put both your hands on the table
B．you can chew with your mouths open
C．you should not drink too much or get drunk
D．you are welcome to drink much or get drunk
阅读理解
Table Manners in America
美国餐桌礼仪
吃的礼节在不同的国度存在着明显的差异。如在我们中国家庭做客，主人会盛情款待你；你吃得越多，主人就会越高兴，还不时会给你添菜斟酒。但如果你把国内这些“挺有礼貌”的习惯带到美国，就可能会被认为不文雅或缺少修养……
When eating at home with guests or eating out，there are several table manners that are generally observed．
Most meals served in American homes are served “family style”； this means that food is placed on platters or in large bowls，and passed around to each person at the table，Each person takes a little food and puts it on his or her plate，and then passes the food to the next person．It is OK to ask for second helpings．
If you are treating your lady friend to a meal at a nice restaurant，it is polite to hold the chair for her while she sits down．Each person orders their own food and drinks，and it is polite to order items that are similar in price to the host’s order．Before beginning your meal，place your napkin over your lap，and remove it when the meal is completely finished。
It is polite to wait until everyone at your table is served before you begin eating；in some instances，it is best to wait until the host begin eating．It is not polite to rest your elbows on the table．Only one hand should be on the table for most of the meal，unless you need to cut meat or pass something．Americans do not chew with their mouths open，or speak when their mouths are full of food．When drinking alcohol，it is impolite to drink too much or get drunk．If you do not drink，you will usually not be pressured to do so，and you should likewise not pressure others to drink with you．
Notes
platter n．大浅盘 napkin n．餐巾
instance n．例子 lap n．膝上
elbow n．肘部 alcohol n．酒；含酒精的饮料
likewise adv．同样；也
Comprehension questions
1．In America，it is good manners _______when eating in a nice restaurant.
A．to order items that are similar in price to the host's order
B．to eat as much as you can
C．to put your elbows on the table
D．to eat and eat until only a little food remains on the table
2．When eating out，it is polite _______．
A．for you to order food and drinks for everyone
B．to put your napkin on the table
C．to speak with your mouth full of food
D．for everyone to order his or her own food and drinks
3．When drinking alcohol，_______．
A．you can put both your hands on the table
B．you can chew with your mouths open
C．you should not drink too much or get drunk
D．you are welcome to drink much or get drunk
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| Ella is my best friend and we are neighbors. She was, at one time,a(n) 1 person. She was busy all the time. She taught in a school for a time, worked 2 in local politics to discuss environmental policies in her area,and volunteered in many other places. I remember a time when Ella took out her wallet and wrote a check for a woman who had no rent money and was 3 getting kicked out of the house. When I was 4 my most painful times, Ella was 5 there beside me. Then some time later,Ella had an accident that 6 major brain injury. She then unluckily 7 her career and most of her abilities to care for 8 herself. Despite the severe (严重的) 9 , Ella has been able to live 10 11 years. But her condition is 11 by diabetes (糖尿病), which has been with her since youth. She has been 12 with the situation and is in her sixties now. I received a call the other day,telling me that 13 Ella must now have an operation on one leg. She doesn't 14 from her old illness. This situation has been caused by foot sores (疮) that have 15 her a lot for the last 3 to 4 years. Her sister is living in the house with her,as well as both of their husbands. 16 , age and medical problems make it very 17 for the four of them to manage. I 18 a train ticket last night to go to her home.I will be there soon.I'm sure I will be 19 to them during this very hard time. I really enjoy doing small acts of 20 . If I can make a difference to somebody's life,my work is done. | ||||
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| What's your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, or red? If you do, you must be an optimist(乐观者 ), a leader, a(n) 1________ person who enjoy life, people and 2________ . Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, 3________, and you would rather follow than 4________. You tend to be a pessimist (悲观者 ). 5________, this is what experts tell us, and they 6________ know, because they have been seriously 7________ the meaning of color preference, as well as the 8________ that colors have on human beings. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not 9________ our favorite color as we grow up-we are 10________ with our preference. Colors do affect the state of our 11________ -there is no 12________ about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more 13________ than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the 14________ winter day. On the other hand, 15________ often makes people sad and low in 16________. A black bridge over Thames River used to be the 17________ of more suicides(自杀 ) than any other bridge in the area 18________ it was repainted green. The number of suicides 19________ fell sharply. It is a fact that factory workers have fewer 20________ when their machines are painted orange rather than black. 1. A. famous B. active C. important D. great 2. A. knowledge B. happiness C. imagination D. excitement 3. A. shy B. curious C. rough D. strange 4. A. fight B. lead C. remove D. argue 5. A. At least B. As a result C. In all D. In a word 6. A. would B. must C. should D. might 7. A. searching B. supporting C. studying D. explaining 8. A. relation B. effect C. information D. result 9. A. improve B. introduce C. prevent D. choose 10. A. raise B. brought C. satisfied D. born 11. A. lives B. minds C. bodies D. feelings 12. A. doubt B. question C. problem D. fault 13. A. energetic B. happy C. calm D. excited 14. A. hardest B. worst C. saddest D. longest 15. A. white B. yellow C. black D. green 16. A. powers B. energies C. manners D. spirits 17. A. sign B. scene C. camp D. passage 18. A. so B. and C. but D. until 19. A. immediately B. particularly C. regularly D. extremely 20. A. adventures B. punishments C. mistakes D. accidents |
Visitors to Britain may experience local culture in a traditional pub. But for a stranger visiting the country, these friendly pubs can be traps of potential bad manners for the uneducated.
A team of researchers have released some of the hidden customs of British pubs. Most people would like to start with getting a drink when meeting with difficulties. Most pubs have no waiters and as a result, you yourself have to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths wait 45 minutes before they realize they would have to fetch their own. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hidden purpose.
Pub culture is designed to promote communication in a society known for its quietness. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely appropriate and really quite normal behaviour.
"If you haven't been to a pub, you haven't been to Britain. " This tip can be found in a booklet The Tourists' Guide to Pub Etiquette (礼节), which can be seen as a "passport" to the pub for those wanting to know about "a central part of British life and culture". The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. Nothing annoys the regular customers and bar staffs more than a crowd of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and argue about what to order.
1.Why is the British pub the best place to experience local cultures?
A. Because it is a potential place for all the educated to gather
B. Because it is a traditional place with a lot of local strangers
C. Because the educated can relax themselves entirely there
D. Because you can meet different kinds of local people there
2.If you want to have a drink in a pub, you can .
A. go to get the drinks yourself B. wait for the waiters to come
C. wait in line for 45 minutes D. bring some homemade drinks
3.The author introduces the British pub in a(n) tone.
A. critical B. admiring C. neutral D. concerned
4.What might annoy others in a pub?
A. Going to pub in a big group B. Chatting about what to order
C. Standing in the way to the bar D. Buying drinks at the counter
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