What is the difference between a college and a university? This is a good question for students who want to attend a college or a university in the United States.
Colleges and universities have many things in common. Both provide a greater understanding of the world and its past. Both provide education in the arts and sciences. And both can help prepare young people to earn a living.
Students who complete their undergraduate studies either at a four-year college or a university receive a bachelor’s degree. One difference is that many colleges do not offer graduate studies.
Universities are generally bigger, offer more programs and do more research. Modern universities developed from those of the Middle Ages in Europe. The word “university” comes from the Latin “universitas”. This described a group of people organized for a common purpose. The word “college” comes from a Latin word with a similar meaning, “collegium”. In England, colleges were formed to provide students with places to live in. Usually each group of students was studying the same thing. So college came to mean an area of study. But a college can also be a part of a university. The first American universities divided their studies into a number of areas and called each one a college. This is still true.
Programs in higher learning may also be called schools. The University of Arizona in Tucson, for example, has 18 colleges and 10 schools. They include the colleges of pharmacy (制药学), education, engineering and law. They also include the schools of architecture, dance and public administration.
College is also used as a general term for higher education. A news report might talk about “college students” even if they include students at universities. Or someone might ask, “Where do you go to college?”
Today, most American colleges offer an area of study called liberal arts. These are subjects first developed and taught in ancient Greece. They include language, philosophy and mathematics. The purpose is to train a person’s mind instead of teaching job skills.
【小题1】The passage is probably written to _________.

A．persuade students to go to college instead of schools

B．tell students the differences between colleges and universities

C．help students make a better choice of what kind of colleges they should go to

D．inform students about how much they are going to spend in going to college

【小题2】When the term “college students” appears in a newspaper, it may refer to ________.

A．only students studying in colleges

B．students studying in colleges in the USA

C．only students studying in universities

D．students receiving higher education

【小题3】What can we learn from the passage?

A．Both universities and colleges include different schools.

B．The purpose of liberal arts is to train a person’s job skill.

C．Both universities and colleges can help prepare students to make a living.

D．Most American universities have 18 colleges and 10 schools.

【小题4】The area of study called liberal arts is designed to _______.

A．get students ready to earn a living

B．teach students subjects from engineering to philosophy

C．help students achieve a stronger and clearer mind

D．encourage more students to begin the study of arts

Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者) listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

Like in America, there is diversity (多样性) in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated（一流的） schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化) in some Japanese kindergartens.

We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe     .

       A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

       B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

       C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

       D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on     .

       A. preparing children academically      B. developing children’s artistic interests

       C. developing children’s potential       D. shaping children’s character

Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

       A. They can do better in their future studies.

       B. They can make more group experience grow there.

       C. They can be self-centered when they grow up.

       D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to      .

       A. broaden children’s knowledge        B. train children’s creativity

       C. lighten children’s study load    D. enrich children’s experience

Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者) listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.
Like in America, there is diversity (多样性) in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated（一流的） schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化) in some Japanese kindergartens.
【小题1】We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe     .

A．Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

B．Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

C．Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

D．Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

【小题2】In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on     .

A．preparing children academically	B．developing children’s artistic interests
C．developing children’s potential	D．shaping children’s character

【小题3】Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

A．They can do better in their future studies.

B．They can make more group experience grow there.

C．They can be self-centered when they grow up.

D．They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

【小题4】Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to      .

A．broaden children’s knowledge	B．train children’s creativity
C．lighten children’s study load	D．enrich children’s experience

Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者) listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

Like in America, there is diversity (多样性) in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated（一流的） schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing (智能化) in some Japanese kindergartens.

1.We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe     .

A．Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

B．Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

C．Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

D．Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

2.In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on     .

A．preparing children academically	B．developing children’s artistic interests
C．developing children’s potential	D．shaping children’s character

3.Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

A．They can do better in their future studies.

B．They can make more group experience grow there.

C．They can be self-centered when they grow up.

D．They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

4.Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to      .

A．broaden children’s knowledge	B．train children’s creativity
C．lighten children’s study load	D．enrich children’s experience

 

Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers．However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find．In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction．In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education．Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents （答问卷者） listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools．In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices．To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese preschools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group．The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents．

Like in America, there is diversity （多样性） in Japanese early childhood education．Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development．In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools．Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated（一流的） schools and universities．Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing （智能化） in some Japanese kindergartens.

73．We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe     .

       A．Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

       B．Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

       C．Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

       D．Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

74．In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on     .

       A．preparing children academically    B．developing children’s artistic interests

       C．developing children’s potential      D．shaping children’s character

75．Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

       A．They can do better in their future studies.

       B．They can make more group experience grow there.

       C．They can be self-centered when they grow up.

       D．They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

76．Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to      .

       A．broaden children’s knowledge       B．train children’s creativity

       C．lighten children’s study load       D．enrich children’s experience