题目列表(包括答案和解析)
Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.
Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.
Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far
more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.
It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.
66. The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.
A. preparing a topic list first B. focusing on one’s own mind
C. directing the talk to the desired results D. experiencing the speaker’s inside world
67. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2 ?
A. How to listen well. B. What to listen to.
C. Benefits of listening. D. Problems in listening
68. According to the author , in communication people tend to ________.
A. listen actively B. listen purposefully
C. set aside their prejudices D. open up their inner mind
69. According to the author , the patients improved mainly because _______.
A. they were taken good care of. B. they knew they were truly listened to.
C. they had partners to talk to. D. they knew the roots of problems.
70. What type of writing the article likely to be ?
A. Science fiction B. A news report. C. A medical report. D. Popular science
Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.
Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.
Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.
It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.
【小题1】The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.
| A．preparing a topic list first | B．focusing on one’s own mind |
| C．directing the talk to the desired results | D．experiencing the speaker’s inside world |
| A．How to listen well. | B．What to listen to. |
| C．Benefits of listening. | D．Problems in listening |
| A．listen actively | B．listen purposefully |
| C．set aside their prejudices | D．open up their inner mind |
| A．they were taken good care of. | B．they knew they were truly listened to. |
| C．they had partners to talk to. | D．they knew the roots of problems. |
| A．Science fiction | B．A news report. | C．A medical report. | D．Popular science |
Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.
Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.
Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.
It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic (有疗效的). In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.
76. The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.
A. preparing a topic list first B. focusing on one’s own mind
C. directing the talk to the desired results D. experiencing the speaker’s inside world
77. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2 ?
A. How to listen well. B. What to listen to.
C. Benefits of listening. D. Problems in listening.
78. According to the author, in communication people tend to ________.
A. listen actively B. listen purposefully
C. set aside their prejudices D. open up their inner mind
79. According to the author, the patients improved mainly because ________.
A. they were taken good care of. B. they knew they were truly listened to.
C. they had partners to talk to. D. they knew the roots of problems.
80. What type of writing is the article likely to be ?
A. Science fiction. B. A news report. C. A medical report. D. Popular science.
第二
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
As I jogged over the bridge and round the corner on my regular early morning run, he was standing opposite the jeweler's looking extremely suspicious (可疑的). But the moment he saw me, instead of trying to avoid me, he came straight across the road as I drew level with the jeweler's. Halfway across he began addressing me: “I thought you were going to…”- but his voice trailed away as he received no reply and no sign of recognition from me. It was quite obvious that he had mistaken me for someone else. But he started up again as if nothing had happened. “Good morning,” he said. “Nice to bump into someone so early. Someone to talk to. I've taken to talking to myself on this job.”
I hate meeting people when I'm out early, and I was almost out of breath. I just paused in my stride, nodded in a friendly manner, and went on up the road. The stranger had spoken quietly, and quite slowly. And I had noticed that he was well dressed, too. But if he looked suspicious dressed like that at that time of the morning, what about me? I was in a track suit, with an old sweater round my shoulders and a cap on my head. As to his odd remark about “talking to himself on the job”, I hadn't paid any attention to it, although now it began to worry me. Was he perhaps a plain clothes policeman? At the time I somehow felt he was.
I had just turned the corner into the High Street when I heard the sound of breaking glass somewhere behind me, and I thought the sound came from the street I had just left. I stopped dead and almost without thinking looked back around the corner. The stranger was not there, but almost immediately an alarm bell in the jeweler's began ringing loudly.
I found out later that a burglar had broken into the jeweler's shop and stolen watches and rings worth about ￡5,000．The police are still looking into the matter, but I'm afraid to go and tell them what I know now because they might even suspect me of committing the crime, and it might be difficult for me to prove my innocence (无罪). After all, I haven't offered my assistance as a witness, and the only other person around that morning was the “stranger” who had spoken to me.
1．The writer ________.
[ ]
A．always goes past the jeweler's
B．goes jogging regularly
C．meets a few people every morning
D．often sees a policeman in the High Street
2．Which of the following statements is true?
[ ]
A．The stranger was waiting for someone.
B．The stranger hated talking to people.
C．The stranger recognized the writer.
D．The stranger had met the writer before.
3．Why did the stranger seem suspicious?
[ ]
A．He was far too friendly.
B．He was dressed too well for that time.
C．He was about to go into the jeweler's.
D．He talked to himself a lot.
4．If the writer had been on the spot, ________.
[ ]
A．he might have been badly injured
B．the stranger wouldn't have broken the window
C．he wouldn't have heard the alarm bell
D．he would have seen what happened
5．The writer hasn't told the police what little he knows because ________.
[ ]
A．he is afraid they might arrest him
B．he thinks the stranger is innocent
C．the stranger hasn't asked him to be a witness
D．the burglar didn't steal very much
It is thought that crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tear, whether they are of sorrow, anger, or joy, typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears (落泪者) is likely to apologize, even when a great tragedy was the cause. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional tears. But judging from recent studies of crying behavior, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive (适得其反).
Humans are the only animals clearly known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution has given rise to few purposeless physiological responses, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance (increase) survival.
Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to ask for assistance form others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. Vocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention. So, it appears, there must be something special about tears themselves.
Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress, University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because of exposure to cut onion would contain no such substance.
Other researchers are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs. At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr. Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse, to study the causes of “dry eye” syndrome（综合症）and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants.
What does the phrase “both those responses” in Paragraph 1 refer to ?
A．Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.
B．The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.
C．The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.
D．Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.
From the passage we can infer that .
A．it is unnatural for people to shed tears
B．we can reduce our stress by shedding tears
C．shedders of tears can’t get help by crying loudly
D．unlike animals, humans can shed tears for survival
What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Roles of emotional tears. B．functions of shedding tears.
C．Unwelcome shedders of tears. D．Research on the effects of tears.
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