The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?

　　Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.

　　The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is very positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your stupid friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.

　　In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”

　　Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.

　　The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.

1.What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?

　 A. It has produced positive results.

　 B. It is a highly profitable industry.

　 C. It is based on the concept of positive thinking.

　 D. It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.

2. What does the word “underline” mean (Line 4, Para. 3)?

　 A. point out        B. lay emphasis on     C. pay no attention to    D. take for granted

3.Which of the following is TRUE about the Canadian researchers’ study?

　 A. Encouraging positive thinking many do more good than harm.

   B. Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one’s mood.

   C. There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.

   D. Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.

4.What do we learn from the last paragraph?

　 A. Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.

　 B. People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.

　 C. Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.

　 D. The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.

 

______ no need for you to come to his help, for he has made it himself.

A. It is　 　　　 B. There is

C. There has　 　 D. It has

 

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

What makes a good teacher? Generally speaking, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to 　36 the attention and interest of your students; you must be a 　37 speaker, with a good, strong, 　38 voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to 　39 what you are teaching in order to make its meaning clear. 　40 a good teacher and you will see that he does not sit still 　41 his class: he stands the whole time when he is teaching; he walks about, using his 　42　 , hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listening to him, you will 　43 the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always 　44 according to what he is 　45 about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn’t 　46 that he will indeed be able to act 　47 on the stage, for there are very important 　48 between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the 　49 words each time he plays a certain part; 　50 his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually 　51 before hand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem 　52 on the stage. A good teacher 　53 in quite a different way. His students take an active part in his 　54 : they ask and answer questions; they obey orders; and if they don’t understand something, they will say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of his students. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must 　55 it as he goes along.

36. A. pay 　　　　　　　　 B. give　　　　 　 C. hold 　　　　　　　 D. know

37. A. slow 　　　　　　　 B. clear　　　　 　 C. quick 　　　　　　 D. loud

38. A. frightening 　　　　 B. fearing 　　 　　C. surprising　　　 D. pleasing

39. A. say　　　　　　　　　 B. talk 　　　　 　 C. act 　　　　　　　 　 D. repeat

40. A. Watch　　　　　　　　 B. Change 　 　 C. Respect　　　　　 D. Love

41. A. for 　　　　　　　　 B. before 　　 　 C. behind 　 　 D. with

42. A. tongue 　　　　　　 B. words 　　 　 C. arms 　　　　　　 D. sound

43. A. hear　　　　　　　　 B. see 　　　　　 　　C. think 　　　 　 D. guess

44. A. making 　　　　　 B. changing 　　　 C. expressing 　 D. giving

45. A. worrying　　　　　 B. thinking 　 C. hearing 　 　 D. talking

46. A. tell 　　　　　　　　 B. express 　 　 C. mean 　　　　　　 D. show

47. A. good 　　　　　　　 B. well　　　　 　 C. badly 　　　　　　 D. actively

48. A. things 　　　　　　 B. jobs　　　　 　 C. points　　　　　　 D. differences

49. A. different 　　　　　 B. same 　　　　　　 C. above 　　　　　 D. following

50. A. Even 　　　　　　　 B. Only　　　　　　　 C. Still 　　　　　　　 D. Just

51. A. read 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. known 　 　 C. fixed 　　　　　　 D. found

52. A. natural 　　　　　　　　　　 B. frequent　　　　　 C. false 　　　　 　　D. clear

53. A. argues 　　　　　　 B. works 　　　　　 C. walks 　　　　　 D. speaks

54. A. group 　　　　　　 B. party 　　　　　　 C. class 　　　　　　 D. play

55. A. continue 　　　　 B. discover 　　　　 C. teach 　　　　　　 D. invent

What makes a good teacher? Generally speaking, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to 　36 the attention and interest of your students; you must be a 　37 speaker, with a good, strong, 　38 voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to 　39 what you are teaching in order to make its meaning clear. 　40 a good teacher and you will see that he does not sit still 　41 his class: he stands the whole time when he is teaching; he walks about, using his 　42　 , hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listening to him, you will 　43 the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always 　44 according to what he is 　45 about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn’t 　46 that he will indeed be able to act 　47 on the stage, for there are very important 　48 between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the 　49 words each time he plays a certain part; 　50 his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually 　51 before hand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem 　52 on the stage. A good teacher 　53 in quite a different way. His students take an active part in his 54 : they ask and answer questions; they obey orders; and if they don’t understand something, they will say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of his students. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must 　55 it as he goes along.

36. A. pay 　　　　　　　　 B. give　　　　 　 C. hold 　　　　　　　 D. know

37. A. slow 　　　　　　　 B. clear　　　　 　 C. quick 　　　　　　 D. loud

38. A. frightening 　　　　 B. fearing 　　 　　C. surprising　　　 D. pleasing

39. A. say　　　　　　　　　 B. talk 　　　　 　 C. act 　　　　　　　 　 D. repeat

40. A. Watch　　　　　　　　 B. Change 　 　 C. Respect　　　　　 D. Love

41. A. for 　　　　　　　　 B. before 　　 　 C. behind 　 　 D. with

42. A. tongue 　　　　　　 B. words 　　 　 C. arms 　　　　　　 D. sound

43. A. hear　　　　　　　　 B. see 　　　　　 　　C. think 　　　 　 D. guess

44. A. making 　　　　　 B. changing 　　　 C. expressing 　 D. giving

45. A. worrying　　　　　 B. thinking 　 C. hearing 　 　 D. talking

46. A. tell 　　　　　　　　 B. express 　 　 C. mean 　　　　　　 D. show

47. A. good 　　　　　　　 B. well　　　　 　 C. badly 　　　　　　 D. actively

48. A. things 　　　　　　 B. jobs　　　　 　 C. points　　　　　　 D. differences

49. A. different 　　　　　 B. same 　　　　　　 C. above 　　　　　 D. following

50. A. Even 　　　　　　　 B. Only　　　　　　　 C. Still 　　　　　　　 D. Just

51. A. read 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. known 　 　 C. fixed 　　　　　　 D. found

52. A. natural 　　　　　　　　　　 B. frequent　　　　　 C. false 　　　　 　　D. clear

53. A. argues 　　　　　　 B. works 　　　　　 C. walks 　　　　　 D. speaks

54. A. group 　　　　　　 B. party 　　　　　　 C. class 　　　　　　 D. play

55. A. continue 　　　　 B. discover 　　　　 C. teach 　　　　　　 D. invent

As a saying goes, every bean has its black. It is impossible to make no mistakes all one?s life. My grandpa Nybakken, a carpenter, is no 36 .Several decades ago he made a mistake—a(n) perfect mistake, 37 .

On a cold Saturday, Mother?s father was building some wooden cases for the clothes his 38 was sending to an orphanage(孤儿院)in Congo. On his way home, he　 39　 into his shirt pocket to find his glasses, but they were gone. He remembered putting them there that morning, so he drove back to the church. His search proved 40 .When he 41 replayed his earlier actions, he realized what happened. The glasses had slipped out of his pocket unnoticed and fallen into one of the cases. His brand new glasses, having 42 him $ 20 that very morning, were heading for Congo! He had to drive home. 43 .

Several months later, the director of the orphanage came to give a report on Sunday night at my grandfather?s church, 44 Grandpa and his family also attended.

“But most of all, ”he said,“I must thank you for the 　45　 you sent last year. You see, the bandits（土匪）had just swept through the orphanage, destroying everything, including my glasses. I was desperate.”

“ 46 I had the money, there was simply no way of 47 those glasses. 48 not being able to see well, I experienced headaches every day. Then your cases arrived. When my staff 49 the covers, they found a pair of glasses lying on top.”

Then, still gripped（吸引注意）with the 50　 of it all, he continued,“When I tried 51 the glasses, it was as though they had been made just for me! I want to thank you for being a part of that!”

The people listened 52 for the miraculous glasses. But the director surely must have 53 their church with another, they thought. There were no glasses on their 54 of items to be sent overseas. But an ordinary carpenter was carpenter was sitting 55 in the back, with tears streaming down his face.

36.A.expectation　 B.success　　 C.comment　　 D.exception

37.A.though　　　　 B.although　　 C.as　　　　　 D.so

38.A.factory　　　 B.church　　　 C.family　　　 D.country

39.A.turned　　　　 B.reached　　 C.filled　　　 D.put

40.A.proper　　　　 B.reasonable　 C.fruitless　 D.unnecessary

41.A.mentally　　　 B.physically　 C.anxiously　 D.directly

42.A.charged　 　　B.spent　　　 C.paid　　　　 D.cost

43.A.disappointed　 B.pleased　　 C.nonstop　　 D.quick

44.A.which　　　　 B.what　　　　 C.where　　　 D.when

45.A.cases　　　　 B.clothes　　 C.glasses　　 D.wishes

46.A.Unless　　　　 B.As long as　 C.Until　　　 D.Even though

47.A.replacing　　 B.finding　　 C.wearing　　 D.changing

48.A.Except　　　　 B.Apart from　 C.Rather than D.As for

49.A.nailed　　　　 B.burnt　　　 C.removed　　 D.took

50.A.preparation　 B.pleasure　　 C.satisfaction D.wondwer

51.A.out　　　　　 B.over　　　　 C.for　　　　 D.on

52.A.pity　　　　　 B.happy　　　　　　 C.curious　　 D.eager

53.A.confused　　　 B.associated　　　　 C.combined　　 D.compared

54.A.cases　　　　 B.order　　　　　　 C.list　　　　 D.orphanage

55.A.happily　　　 B.quietly　　　　　 C.sadly　　　 D.excitedly