You’re walking down the street, minding your own business, when you see a snowball. No big deal, right? Except the snowball is as tall as you are. And weighs about a ton. Did we mention that it’s June?

That’s the experience thousands of Londoners had when they crossed paths with “Snowballs in Summer”, the brainchild（创意）of artist Andy Goldsworthy. Goldsworthy makes sculpture（雕刻） from all sorts of things he finds outside—leaves, earth and rocks, as well as ice and snow. He wanted to find out how busy city people would react to an unexpected snowball melting.

During the winter of 2005, he rolled 13 giant snowballs near his home in Scotland. He filled each one with a surprise in the centre—such as pebbles, berries, feathers or sheep’s wool, which would emerge as the snow melted. The finished snowballs were stored in a deep freeze until summer, and then transported to London in refrigerated trucks. At midnight on 21 June 2006, while the city slept, Goldsworthy and his co-conspirators（共谋者）rolled their snowballs into place.

People walking to work or school must have thought the sky was falling when they stumbled across（偶然遇见）snowballs the size of baby elephants. Some of them had never even seen snow in real life, and they couldn’t resist poking （捅）the snowballs or even breaking off a chunk（大块，厚片）. As the snow started to melt, things got even more interesting. The perfectly round snowballs took on different shapes as the stuff inside began to poke through. Two days later, most of Goldsworthy’s snowballs were gone, and their fillings scattered. But Londoners were left with a really good story about that odd summer day when the snowballs came.

60. What could be the best title of the passage?

　 A. Special Works of Art B. Snowballs in Summer

　 C. No Big Deal　　　　　　　　　　 　　D. Streets Covered with Snow

61. What is really special about the snowballs is that they ________.

　 A. lie in the street　 　　　　　　　　　　B. are in the shape of baby elephants

　 C. have pebbles, berries, feathers in them 　 D. appear in June

62. What was the purpose of Goldsworthy in making the snowballs?

A. To find out people’s reactions to them.

B. To call up people’s memory of the cold winter.

C. To show off his skills in sculpture. 　　

D. To let people experience the cold winter.

63. Why did Goldsworthy and his co-conspirators roll their snowballs into place at midnight?

　 A. They didn’t want to disturb other people.　　 B. It was quiet at that time.

　 C. They wanted to avoid the traffic jam.　　　 D. They wanted to give people a surprise.

　 You may think that sailing is difficult, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.

　 First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail(帆).

　 Let’s start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.

　 If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind. but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

　 Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

64. What should you consider first while sailing?

　 A. Sailors’ strength.

　 B. Wave levels.

　 C. Wind directions.

　 D. Size of sails.

65. What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

　 A. The sail.

　 B. The wind.

　 C. The boat.

　 D. The angle.

66. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

　 A. Move in a straight line.

　 B. Allow the sail to flap.

　 C. Lower the sail.

　 D. Tack the boat.

Some animals apparently can resist cancer by strengthening their immune nervous system in preparation for winter，John Hopkins researchers said on Wednesday.

The scientists said their study was the first to show that the central nervous system，reacting to environmental changes，may spark changes in the body’s immune system(免疫系统) that control the growth of tumors.They said if that was the case，a better understanding of how the process works eventually could lead to new cancer treatments.

Dr.Randy Nelson，an associate professor of psychology at Hopkins，stressed at a meeting of the Society of Neuroscience that further study would be needed to confirm a connection between the length of the day，the animals’ immune system and cancer.More work also would be needed to show that the findings could be applied to human cancer.

Dr.Faye Austin，an immunologist with the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda，said，“It’s a very intriguing observation that the length of exposure to light can affect the growth of a tumor.But I think that the draws really need further work to clarify the mechanics.”

But Austin said the findings were surprising and important，only because they open up a new approach for research.

Studies showed that stress weakened the immune system in animals.They figured that because winter is stressful，the season probably causes exertion (影响) on the immune system.

The researchers reasoned that animals that compensated by boosting (促进) their immune systems as winter approached would have a better chance of surviving and producing offspring.

“In the same way that animals have evolved to select the best time to breed，it struck me that animals ought to be able to predict when conditions would be challenging immunologically.”Nelson said.

1．Dr.Nelson has drawn a conclusion that ________.

A．there is a relation between the length of the day，the animal’s immune system and cancer

B．the findings of animals’ resistance to cancer can be applied to human cancer treatments

C．the length of exposure to light can affect the growth of a tumor

D．there is a new approach for studying the function of central nervous system in the body’s immune system

2．Which season can strengthen the immune system in animals?

A．Spring. 　　　 B．Summer.　　　 C．Autumn.　　　 　D．Winter.

3．On which of the following subjects can essays be presented at the meeting of the Society of Neuroscience?

A．The nervous system.

B．The treatment of cancer.

C．The ability to produce offspring.

D．The control of the growth of tumors.