Four decades ago a group of college students visited the mountains of Borneo to examine moth (蛾) populations. Now a team of British scientists, including a member of the original trip, has returned to the same sites to repeat the survey. They have found that, due to rising temperatures, the insects now live 68 meters higher.
Global warming is forcing tropical (热带的) species uphill to escape the rising temperatures at a rate of nearly 2 meters a year, the new study from Borneo suggests.
Since this was the only chance to repeat the original survey, the scientist did everything they could to do it exactly the same way, going at the same time of year, in July and August, using photographs to find the exact original sites of the moth traps.
"While this is the first study of insects, a few other studies of tropical species are starting to appear," said Thomas. "If you look across all those studies, you’ll find the same results, and it’s extremely difficult to think of any other explanation for them."
While some species might survive by finding places on the mountains with temperatures similar to those of their original habitats, others may run out of habitat on the rocky peaks, warns the study.
In a paper in the journal Naturein 2004, Thomas and 13 other experts analyzed the habitats of 1,100 species on five continents, and estimated that on average one quarter were at risk of extinction.
Last year a paper published in the Public Library of Science in the US warned that the risk of extinction in the tropics was becoming more and more serious. The authors, Jana and Steven Vamosi, estimated that 20-45% of tropical species were at risk of extinction.
【小题1】If the temperature continues to rise at the same rate for ten years, the insects will live about ______.

A．6.8 meters higher	B．19 meters higher
C．34 meters higher	D．68 meters higher

【小题2】What’s the problem for some species moving up mountains?

A．There’ll be too little space.

B．The temperature will be much too low.

C．They will be at greater risk of extinction.

D．They’ll find it hard to adapt to the environment.

【小题3】We can learn from the passage that ______.

A．this survey of moths has been carried out many times

B．some scientists have put forward other explanations for the results

C．scientists tried to repeat the original survey

D．20-45% of tropical species were estimated to be at risk of extinction in 2004

【小题4】Which of the following has been mainly discussed in the passage?

A．Climate change forcing moths higher.

B．Protecting moths from extinction.

C．How to research tropical moths.

D．How to study moths living on mountains.

Four decades ago a group of college students visited the mountains of Borneo to examine moth (蛾) populations. Now a team of British scientists, including a member of the original trip, has returned to the same sites to repeat the survey. They have found that, due to rising temperatures, the insects now live 68 meters higher.

Global warming is forcing tropical (热带的) species uphill to escape the rising temperatures at a rate of nearly 2 meters a year, the new study from Borneo suggests.

Since this was the only chance to repeat the original survey, the scientist did everything they could to do it exactly the same way, going at the same time of year, in July and August, using photographs to find the exact original sites of the moth traps.

"While this is the first study of insects, a few other studies of tropical species are starting to appear," said Thomas. "If you look across all those studies, you’ll find the same results, and it’s extremely difficult to think of any other explanation for them."

While some species might survive by finding places on the mountains with temperatures similar to those of their original habitats, others may run out of habitat on the rocky peaks, warns the study.

In a paper in the journal Naturein 2004, Thomas and 13 other experts analyzed the habitats of 1,100 species on five continents, and estimated that on average one quarter were at risk of extinction.

Last year a paper published in the Public Library of Science in the US warned that the risk of extinction in the tropics was becoming more and more serious. The authors, Jana and Steven Vamosi, estimated that 20-45% of tropical species were at risk of extinction.

1.If the temperature continues to rise at the same rate for ten years, the insects will live about ______.

A．6.8 meters higher                       B．19 meters higher

C．34 meters higher                       D．68 meters higher

2.What’s the problem for some species moving up mountains?

A．There’ll be too little space.

B．The temperature will be much too low.

C．They will be at greater risk of extinction.

D．They’ll find it hard to adapt to the environment.

3.We can learn from the passage that ______.

A．this survey of moths has been carried out many times

B．some scientists have put forward other explanations for the results

C．scientists tried to repeat the original survey

D．20-45% of tropical species were estimated to be at risk of extinction in 2004

4.Which of the following has been mainly discussed in the passage?

A．Climate change forcing moths higher.

B．Protecting moths from extinction.

C．How to research tropical moths.

D．How to study moths living on mountains.

 

 (07·福建C篇)

Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars(火星), and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment.

The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven anysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian suface.

“If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne,one of the reseachers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.

Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.

One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusualy warm, suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out.

“I said:‘Wow, that’s a cave’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.”

He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life escaping from the bitterly cold,radiatiion-soaked(充满辐射的), dry surface.

“Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria. A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”

The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lave flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining have to flow out, forming caves.

64.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.How the caves were formed on Mars.

B.How scientists found these caves on Mars.

C.Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life.

D.Scientiste have completely recognized the surface of Mars.

65.We can learn from the passage that           .

A.water has already been found on Mars

B.the scientists found all the caves at night

C.it is certain that there is life in these caves

D.the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry

66.According to the passage, Dr. Clarke was so excited because        .

A.such caves could provide energy for life

B.they had finally found the caves on Mars

C.such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life

D.scientists had long been looking for these caves

67.Necessary conditions for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include        .

A.lava and energy

B.water and radiation from space

C.gases and lava

D.water and protection from radiation

Man has been travelling into space for more than 40 years. Even today though, very few people get the chance to be an astronaut, about 30 persons per year. This is mainly because of the expense. It costs millions of yuan to train and send the astronauts into space. Very few countries can afford this.

This is why American businessman Dennis Tito paid 20,000,000 US dollars to the Russian Space Agency to go into space. He visited the International Space Station. His trip, making him the first ever space tourist, took eight days in total. He spent most of his time taking photos, looking at the earth and listening to music on his once?in?a?life trip.

After landing safely back on the earth, Mr Tito thought the trip was worth the money. The only difficulty he had was walking, but this is normal for anyone who's been in zero gravity.

Some people, especially in the American Space Agency, argue that you must be professional to go into space. They worry about the safety of other astronauts. However, Mr Tito received training before he left. He also helped to prepare food for the others while in space. They told him what to do and where he was allowed to go.

A survey carried out soon after Tito landed showed that 75% of Americans supported space tourism. Some people are bored with all the places on earth. They are looking for a new adventure and space is the place.

Mr Tito paid the Russians for 20% of their annual budget (年度预算). If we want to see men on Mars and other planets, we may need rich people like Tito to help us pay for it. The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them.

1．The number of people flying into space so far has reached ________.

A．about 30 　　　 B．more than 1,200

C．one thousand 　　　 D．about 12,000

2．Why did the Russians want Dennis Tito to go into space?

A．Because they wanted to work with an American.

B．Because they wanted him to have a once?in?a?life trip.

C．Because they wanted him to take photos of the earth.

D．Because they wanted his money.

3．According to the writer, what is the problem for space tourists?

A．People's legs take time to get used to the earth again.

B．They are not safe enough in space.

C．There is not much to do, only take photos and listen to music.

D．Tourists need to learn Russian before they go.

4．The difference between Mr Tito and the other astronauts is that ________.

A．he could only listen to music

B．only Tito was allowed to cook

C．Tito couldn't go anywhere he liked on the Space Station

D．Tito had received training before he flew into space

5．What does the writer think of Dennis Tito?

A．He helped Russia keep going into space.

B．He was not a good astronaut.

C．He couldn't help the Russians much.

D．He shouldn't be allowed to travel into space again.

 

　　Man has been travelling into space for more than 40 years. Even today though, very few people get the chance to be an astronaut, about 30 persons per year. This is mainly because of the expense（费用）. It costs millions of yuan to train and send astronauts into space. Very few countries can afford this.

　　This is why American businessman Dennis Tito paid 20000000 US dollars to the Russian Space agency to go into space. He visited the International Space Station. His trip, making him the first ever space tourist, took eight days in total. He spent most of his time taking photos, looking at the earth and listening to music on his once-in-a-lifetime trip.

　　After landing safely back on the earth, Mr. Tito thought the trip was worth the money. The only difficulty he had was walking but this is normal for anyone who's been in zero gravity（重力，引力）.

　　Some people, especially in the American space agency, argue that you must be professional to go into space. They worry about the safety of other astronauts. However, Mr. Tito received training before he left. He also helped to prepare food for the others while in space. They told him what to do and where he was allowed to go.

　　A survey carried out soon after Tito landed showed that 75％ of Americans supported space tourism. Some people are bored of all the places on earth. They are looking for a new adventure and space.

　　The money Mr. Tito gave the Russians paid for 20％ of their annual budget（年度预算）. If we want to see men on Mars（火星）and other planets, we may need rich people like Tito to help us pay for it. The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them.

(1)The number of people flying into space so far has reached ________.

[　　]

(2)Why did the Russians want Dennis Tito to go into space?

[　　]

A．They wanted to work with an American.

B．They wanted him to have a once-in-a-lifetime trip.

C．They wanted him to take photos of Earth.

D．They wanted his money.

(3)According to the writer, what is the problem for space tourists?

[　　]

A．People's legs take time to get used to the earth again.

B．They are not safe enough in space.

C．There is not much to do, only take photos and listen to music.

D．Tourists need to learn Russian before they go.

(4)The difference between Mr. Tito and the other astronauts is that ________.

[　　]

A．he could only listen to music

B．only Tito was allowed to cook

C．Tito couldn't go anywhere he liked on the space station

D．Tito had received training before he flew in space

(5)What does the writer think of Dennis Tito?

[　　]

A．He helped Russia keep going into space.

B．He was not a good astronaut.

C．He couldn't help the Russians much.

D．He shouldn't be allowed to travel into space again.