We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary,

both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把……按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright children. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!

Besides, it is rather unreal to grade pupils just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.

In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to deal with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.

Sometimes the pupils work in pairs: sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.

1．By “held back” (L.1. Para.1) the author means “__________”.

       A．made to remain in the same classes

       B．forced to study in the lower classes

       C．drawn to their studies

       D．prevented from advancing

2．The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of the student’s

    _____________.

       A．personal qualities and social skills

       B．total personality

       C．learning ability and communicative skills

       D．intellectual ability

3．Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?

       A．Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.

       B．Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.

       C．Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.

       D．Pupils also learn how to take part in teaching activities.

4．The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ____________.

       A．argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class

       B．recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities

       C．offer advice on the proper use of the library

       D．emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching