阅读理解

　　In the past, Americans used to think of the United States as a“melting pot”of immigrants(移民) from many different cultures to the United States, their old ways melted away and they became part of a completely new culture. The United States was likened to a big pot of soup, which had bits of flavor(味道，滋味) from each different culture. All of the different cultures were so well blended(混合，掺杂) together that it formed its own new flavor.

　　Today, Americans realize that the simple“melting pot”theory is less true. Instead, different groups of people keep many of their old customs. Often groups of Americans from the same culture band together. They live together in distinctive communities, such as“Chinatowns”or“Little Italy”--areas populated almost exclusively(惟一，仅) by Americans of a single ethnic group--which can be found in many large American cities. Living in ethnic neighborhoods gives new Americans the security of sharing a common language and common traditions with people who understand them.

　　In time, however, people from different backgrounds mix together. They also mix with native-born Americans. Old traditions give way to new customs. The children of immigrants are often eager to adopt new, American ways. They often want to dress in American fashions, to speak English and to follow American social customs. By one estimate(估计), about 80 percent of European immigrants marry outside their own ethnic groups by the time they reach the third generation. Third generation means that their great-grandparents were immigrants. Yet as successive generations become more“Americanized”, they often retain significant elements of their ethnic heritage.

1．Ｗhat does the text mainly talk about?

[　　]

A．The American way of life.

B．Immigrants vs．native-born Americans.

C．Old traditions vs．new customs.

D．The multi-cultural heritage of the United States.

2．Why does the author mention“Chinatowns”in the 2nd paragraph?

[　　]

A．To give an example that many people keep their old customs.

B．To show that Chinese cherish their old traditions.

C．To contrast(对比) the Chinese way of life with that of the Italian's.

D．To give an example of the Americanization(美国化).

3．The underlined word“ethnic”in the last sentence most probably means _____.

[　　]

A．moral　　　　B．national

C．cultural　　　D．social

4．The underlined word“Americanized”generally means _____.

[　　]

A．immigrants who still retain their tradition, but behave like Americans in some ways

B．immigrants who still retain their own language, but speak English sometimes

C．immigrants who reject the traditions of their parents, and accept Western culture only

D．immigrants, naturalized by native American culture, in character, way of thinking etc. though still retaining some ethnic heritage

Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children's curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary（薪水） and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we're finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”

　　After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?”?

　　This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours. ?

　　Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and creative answers.

　　Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don't jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行为). But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying, “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.?

　　Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target (目标) for your disagreement.?

　　Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.

46. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is              .??

　　 A. to let them see the world around

　　 B. to share the children's curiosity?

　　 C. to explain difficult phrases about science

　　 D. to supply the children with lab equipment?

47. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by                       .

　　 A. any questions 　　　　　　　　　　B. any problems ?　

　　 C. questions from textbooks　　　　　　D. any number of questions?

48. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults                      .?

　　 A. ask them to answer quickly.

　　 B. wait for one or two seconds after a question.?

　　 C. tell them to answer the next day.

　　 D. wait at least for three seconds after a question.?

49. In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion? ?

　　 A. The second and third. 　　　　　　　B. The fourth and fifth.?

　　 C. The fifth and sixth. 　　　　　　　　D. The seventh.

50. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children's curiosity except that adults should                      .?

　　 A. tell their children stories instead of reciting(背诵) facts?

　　 B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves?

　　 C. be patient enough when their children answer questions?

　　 D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own?

Mary is________ following the latest fashions.

A. keen on 　　　　 B. eager to 　　　　 C. keen in　　 　　 D. fond for

 

　 Peter and Paul had a permission from their parents to camp in a field close to their farm. But, being adventurous boys, they know it would be more 　36 to camp in the woods that lay beyond the river. Excitedly, the boys 37 with their tent and food.

Carrying their heavy 38 , the two brothers walked along the riverbank, hardly noticing the distance or the sun beating down. They were eager to reach their 39 before lunchtime. As they entered the cool, shadowy woods, they began to search for a suitable camping spot. Peter wanted to 40 close to the river at the edge of the woods, 41 Paul, who was older, insisted that they camp further away. 42 Peter followed his brother deeper into the 43 . “This really is a wonderful setting!” said Paul in excitement. They 44 the tent , and settled down to eat the sandwiches they had made, then decided to find their way 45 to the river to catch some fish.

“Are you sure that this is the right 46 ?” whispered Peter shakily. “I’m sure we passed that hollow tree just a while ago.” Paul walked 47 silently. “Look, there it is again. We’re lost, aren’t we?” complained Peter. Paul had to admit that he didn’t know where they were. 48 , they were a long distance from where they were 49 to be. They were not even 50 of where they had set up their camp. They set in 51 for a few minutes until Peter had a bright idea. “Why don’t we look for clues（线索） the way trackers 52 in the movies? We weren’t careful about how we walked, so I’m sure we would have left 53 some broken tree branches and leaves. ”

Carefully, the boys 54 the marks that they had left, until finally they found their campsite. Hurriedly, they packed their belongings and set off 55 the direction of the river.

What would their parents think of their adventure?

36.　 A. surprising　　　　　 B. exciting 　　　　　　　 C. annoying　　　　　　　 D. frightening

37.　 A. went round　　　 B. went back　　　　　　　 C. went away　　　　　 D. went through

38.　 A. load　　　　　　　　　 B. torch　　　　　　　　　　 C. food 　　　　　　　　　 D. storage

39.　 A. grassland　　　　　 B. destination　　　　　　 C. field 　　　　　　　　　 D. river

40.　 A. live　　　　　　　　　 B. lie 　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. wait 　　　　　　　　 D. stay

41.　 A. but　　　　　　　　　 B. and　　　　　　　　　　　 C. or　　　　　　　　　　　 D. so

42.　 A. Unconsciously　 B. Unfortunately　　　　 C. Unwilling 　　　　　 D.Uninterestingly

43.　 A. woods　　　　　　　 B. farm 　　　　　　　　　 C. setting　　　　　　　　 D. camp

44.　 A. put off　　　　　　　 B. put on　　　　　　　　　 C. put down　　　　　　 D. put up

45.　 A. forward　　　　　　 B. near　　　　　　　　　　　 C. back　　　　　　　　　　 D. further

46.　 A. place　　　　　　　　 B. mark 　　　　　　　　　 C. way 　　　　　　　　 D. time

47.　 A. alone　　　　　　　　 B. about　　　　　　　　　　 C. in　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. on

48.　 A. After all　　　　　　 B. At last　　　　　　　　　　 C. Above all　　　　　　　 D. At first

49.　 A. discovered　　　　 B. encouraged　　　　　　 C. persuaded　　　　　　 D. supposed

50.　 A. afraid　　　　　　　　 B. sure 　　　　　　　　　　 C. informed 　　　　　　 D. reminded

51.　 A. enjoyment　　　　 B. satisfaction 　　　　　 C. disappointment 　 D. imagination

52.　 A. appear　　　　　　　 B. do　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. work 　　　　　　　　 D. behave

53.　 A. behind　　　　　　　 B. out 　　　　　　　　　　　 C. aside 　　　　　　　　　 D. amount

54.　 A.fetched 　　　　　　 B. watched 　　　　　　　 C. followed 　　　　　　 D. collected

55.　 A.for　　　　　　　　　　 B. to　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. at　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. in

阅读理解

　　Washington--Laura Straub is a very worried woman. Her job is to find families for French teenagers who expect to live with American families in the summer.

　　It's not easy, even desperate(希望渺小).

　　“We have many children left to place: 40 out of 75”, said Straub, who works for a Paris-based foreign-exchange programme called LEC.

　　When the exchange programme started 50 years ago, family life was more accommodating. For one thing, more mothers stayed home.

　　But now, increasing numbers of women work outside home. Exchange-student programmes have struggled in recent years to sign up host families for the 30000 teenagers who annually come from abroad to spend all academic year in the United States, as well as the thousands more who participate in summer programmes.

　　School systems in many parts of the US, unhappy about accepting non-taxpaying students, have also strictly limited the number of exchange students they accept. At the same time, the idea of hosting foreign students is becoming less exotic(异国情调的).

　　In searching for host families, who usually receive no pay, exchange programmes are increasingly broadening their appeals(呼吁) to include everyone from young couples to retirees.

　　“We are open to many different types of families,”said Vickie Weiner, eastern regional director for ASSE, a 25-year old programme that sends about 30000 teenagers on academic-year exchange programme worldwide.

　　For elderly people, exchange students“keep us young--they really do,”said Jean Foster, who is hosting 16-year-old Nina Porst Denmark.

1．In the past, Straub's job was easy，because _____.

[　　]

A．American families needed more money to live

B．American families had fewer childlren to support

C．American families had spare rooms to rent

D．American families were not as busy as now

2．The underlined word“accommodating”in the 4th paragragh means _____.

[　　]

A．simple and interesting

B．colourful but poor

C．hard to deal with

D．eager or willing to help others

3．To deal with the problem in recent years, Straub and her workmates have to _____.

[　　]

A．ask different kinds of families to help

B．limit the number of the exchange students

C．borrow much money to pay for the costs

D．force some families to accept students

4．How many facts can you find that may have caused difficulty for the exchange programmes?

[　　]

A．None.　　　B．One.

C．Two.　　　 D．Three.