NEW YORK- One in five U.S. workers regularly attends after-work drinks with coworkers, where the most common mishaps range from badmouthing another worker to drinking too much, according to a study released on Tuesday.

Most workers attend so-called happy hours to bond with colleagues, although 15 percent go to hear the latest office gossip and 13 percent go because they feel necessary, said the survey conducted for CareerBuilder.com, an online job site. As to what happens when the after-work drinks flow, 16 percent reported bad-mouthing a colleague, 10 percent shared a secret about a colleague and 8 percent said they drank too much and acted unprofessionally. Five percent said they had shared a secret about the company, and 4 percent confessed to singing karaoke. While 21 percent of those who attended said happy hours were good for networking, 85 percent said attending had not helped them get closer to someone higher up or get a better position. An equal number of men and women said they attended happy hours with co-workers, with younger workers aged 25 to 34 most likely and workers over 55 least likely to attend. Overall, 21 percent of workers attend happy hours with co-workers and; of those nearly a quarter go at least once a month.

The survey was conducted online by Harris Interactive on behalf of CareerBuilder.com among 6,987 full-time employees between February 11 and March 13. Harris Interactive said the results had a sampling error of plus or minus 1.2 percentage points.

56. Harris Interactive made the survey to find out ________.

A. how U.S. workers spend their after-work time

B. what U.S. workers do at after-work drinks

C. the relationships between U.S. workers

D. who are most likely to attend after-work drinks

57. ________ of workers who attend after-work drinks speak ill of a colleague.

A. 4 percent                        B. 8 percent                        C. 16 percent                    D. 10 percent    

58. According to the passage, most of those surveyed believed attending after-work drinks ________.

A. benefited them a lot                                                  B. could provide information

C. only made them relaxed                                           D. was of no help to them

59. We can learn from the text that _________.

A. workers over 55 don’t like to attend happy hours at all

B. about 75% of workers go more than once a month

C. 10.5% of male workers attend happy hours with co-workers

D. about 700 workers surveyed shared a secret about a co-worker

60. After the survey, it can be inferred that_________.

A. all the workers oppose after-work drinks

B. the workers may change their attitudes towards after-work drinks

C. all the workers support after-work drinks

D. all the workers are suggested going to attend after-work drinks

Half of the workers here ________ under 30 ________.

A.is;years              B.are;year old   C.is;years old            D.are;years of age

 At 21，Ricardo Semler became boss of his father's business in Brazil，Semco，which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a mad man，from 7：30 am，until midnight every day. One afternoon，while touring a factory in New York，he broke down. The doctor who treated him said，"There's nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you'll find a new home in our hospital. "Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact，he changed the ways his employees worked too.

    He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries，and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary，like receptionists and secretaries. This saved money and brought more equality(平等）to the company. "Everyone at Semco，even top managers，meets guests in reception，does the photocopying，sends faxes，types letters and dials the phone."

    He completely reorganized the office：instead of walls，they have plants at Semco，so bosses can't shut themselves away from everyone else. And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want. As for uniforms，some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts.

    Semco has flexible （灵活的）working hours：the employees decide when they need to arrive at work. Also，Semco lets its workers use the company's machines for their own projects，and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.

    It sounds perfect，but does it work? The answer is in the numbers：in the last six years，Semco's revenues （收入）have gone from $35 million to $212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3，000. Why?

    Semler says it's because of "peer pressure". Peer pressure makes employees work hard for everyone else. If someone isn't doing his job well，the other workers will not allow the situation to continue. In other words，Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults rather than children, and expects them to act like responsible adults. And they do.

1.Why did Semler change the way he and his employees worked?

A. Because he went crazy because of overwork.

B. Because he had to receive treatment in hospital.

C. Because his father asked him to.

D. Because the doctor warned him of the danger of overwork.

2.Semler made a variety of changes in his company Except that__________.

A. the number of the employees is reduced to save money

B. the employees can take only 30 days off for holiday every year.

C. flexible working hours were introduced       

D. the employees enjoyed a lot of freedom

3.What’s the main idea of Paragraph five?

A. Ricardo Semler’s new management method succeeded.

B. Ricardo Semler’s idea sounded perfect but not practical.

C. The company earned a lot of money.        

D. The reason for his success.

4.In his company, what does Ricardo Semler value most?

A. freedom          B. rules           C. responsibility        D. hard work

 

If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.

Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.

The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.

The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.

With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty advantages”. But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”.

In a society of such high moral practice, what need is there for people to be on guard against others?

While taking a taxi in Finland, a passenger __________.

A. can go anywhere without having to pay the driver

B. only pays two US dollars for a taxi ride

      C. can never be turned down by the taxi driver wherever he wants to go

       D. needs to provide good faith demonstration before leaving without paying

We can know from the passage that in Finland __________.

      A. both hotel guests and outside diners are served food free of charge

      B. big hotels provide meals for all kinds of diners

      C. guests can enjoy free food once they stayed in the hotel

      D. big hotels are mostly poorly managed

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Generally speaking, in Finland, workers can get more pay by working long hours.

       B. The workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay.

      C. The workers are always honest with their working hours.

       D. The bosses are too busy to check the working hours of their employees.

It can be concluded that _________.

      A. Finnish people are really foolish in daily life

      B. Finland has been a good place for cheats

      C. the Finnish society is of very high moral level

      D. all the Finns are rich and therefore honest

      With the Indian economy predicted to grow by 7．5 percent this year, experts say it could be time for Western CEOs to learn some lessons from Indian CEOs．The key differences between Indian and Western bosses are:
Social purpose
One of the most important things is that Indian leaders lead with a sense of social purpose．Every leader in India gave a specific social purpose as being the goal of their business．Those purposes ranged from improving healthcare to getting cell phones to people who didn't have access to communication tools．Having a social purpose motivates workers．
Invest in employees
Indian firms invest an enormous amount in their employees' training and development．IT firms typically offer 60 days of formal training for newly hired workers and they even spend months training experienced workers．A study said that Western firms have largely abandoned investing in employees, seeing it as a waste if they quit．But Indian bosses believe that investing in employees ensures the quality of those who stay at the company．
Take the long view
Indian bosses stress far less on shareholders than it is typical at Western business．As a result they're more able to take a long-term view．Western companies can't just ignore their shareholders, but their CEOs can do more to protect their -employees from short-term financial pressures, letting them get on with their jobs．
Work fromtheir strengths
Western companies often think about strategy in terms of chasing customers or pursuing market opportunities, but Indian firms will more often start by identifying their strengths and customers’ needs, and then try to meet those needs．
Act as a role model
Being a personal role model for their employees is an amazing thing for a CEO．If Western bosses could think of themselves as role models, it would have a real impact on their workers．
【小题1】Indian CEOs use their sense of social purpose to _________．

A．improve the workers' healthcare system

B．provide cell phones to people in need

C．motivate and encourage their employees

D．promote the development of communication systems

【小题2】Western firms have largely abandoned investing in employees’ training and development because _______．

A．it takes too long to complete the formal training of newly hired workers

B．they often hire experienced workers who don't need much training

C．they are afraid of the losses brought about by the resignation of employees

D．they don't care about the quality of the employees in their firms

【小题3】Which of the following is TRUE about Western bosses?

A．They stress on workers more than shareholders．

B．They always act as role models for employees．

C．They are good at identifying their own strengths．

D．They pay closer attention to market opportunities．